W. J. Spalding

Nearly 200 000 examples of the diffractive process K−p → K−π−π+p at 63 GeV have been obtained using a two magnet spectrometer equipped with Čerenkov counters for secondary particle identification. In addition some 2000 examples of the process K−p → ωK−p have been obtained. The Kππ data have been subjected to partial-wave analysis. The dominant JP = 1+ system couples to K∗π, in both S and D waves, ϱK, κπ and εK. The data confirm the existence of two JP = 1+ Q mesons and their masses, widths and branching ratios are given. The ifωK data show that the couplings of the Q mesons to ωK are approximately equal to the couplings to ϱ0K. The two 1+ nonets expected in the quark model are discussed in the light of this and other recent experiments. There is strong evidence for a broad JP = 0− resonance at about 1.46 GeV. At higher masses, structure in the JP = 2− partial waves establishes the existence of at least one JP = 2− L meson.

Diffractive production of the 3π system has been studied at 63 and 94 GeV using a two magnet spectrometer with high, uniform acceptance. The total number of events used in the analysis is ∼600 000. The A2 meson is shown to be diffractively produced. The existence of a resonant component in both the 1+ and 2− enhancements is established and resonance parameters for the corresponding A1 and A3 mesons are given. There are several indications in the data of states which would correspond to radial excitations in the quark model.

In partial wave analyses of the (π−π−π+) system, substantial shape changes of the 1+S (ϱπ) intensity as a function of t, and relative phase changes of ≈ 90°, provide compelling evidence for a resonant A1 of mass ≈ 1280 MeV and width ≈ 300 MeV.

The inclusive reactions h+p→φ+X, (h=π±,,K±,p±), are studied for 0⪅xF⪅0.3 and p⊥ ⩽ 1 GeV at 93 and and 63 GeV incident momentum. Differential cross sections dσ/dp⊥2 anddσ/dxF are presented and are compared with predictions of the naive parton model.

The JPC = 2−+ partial wave intensities and their large phase changes prove the resonant nature of the A3 meson (mass ≈ 1670 MeV, width ≈ 210 MeV). The decay modes are f0π, ϱ0π, and ϵ0π. Evidence is found for a further 2− enhancement.

A narrow enhancement is observed in pp states produced inclusively in proton-proton interactions at 93 GeV. The mass 1940 ± 1 MeV is consistent with that of the S(1936).

The A2 meson is studied in the decay mode ϱ0π− using partial wave analyses of 600 000 events from the reaction π−p→π−π−π+p at 63 and 94 GeV incident momentum. Common production mechanisms are indicated for this resonance and diffractive 1+ and 2− components.

A previous phase 3 trial of prucalopride in pediatric patients (6 months–18 years old) with functional constipation (FC) demonstrated no efficacy versus placebo. We designed an additional phase 3 trial to further assess the efficacy, long-term safety and tolerability of prucalopride in children and adolescents. This multicenter trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04759833; EudraCT number: 2022-003221-22) comprises a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase, followed by a 36-week, double-blind, safety extension phase. Approximately 240 toilet-trained patients aged 3–17 years will be randomized 1:1:1 to receive low- (0.04 mg/kg) or high-dose (0.08 mg/kg) prucalopride, or placebo once daily. Fifteen non-toilet-trained patients ≥6 months old with FC will be included in an exploratory efficacy and safety analysis. The efficacy endpoints used in this study will differ from those used in adults and in the previous pediatric phase 3 trial; they have been adapted to be more suitable for a wider age range of pediatric patients. Both study phases will be longer than in the previous pediatric study, providing a longer time period in which to assess the efficacy and safety of prucalopride. Study participants will be identified using the modified Rome IV criteria for FC, instead of the Rome III criteria, and non-toilet-trained patients will be included, which will broaden the population of pediatric patients assessed. Patients will undergo fecal disimpaction before randomization and undergo standardized continuous behavioral therapy throughout the trial. This pediatric study of prucalopride will aim to demonstrate the efficacy and long-term safety of this treatment.

Results are presented of an experiment studying inclusive ∅-meson production off protons by hadrons of 93 and 63 GeV incident momentum. Evidence is found for an enhanced probability of observing additional strange particles when the final state contains a ∅ meson. This supports the assumption that central production of ∅ mesons proceeds, for a significant part, by the OZI allowed fusion of strange quarks.

We present single inclusive π±, π0 andK ± spectra in the forward fragmentation region (x>0.2,p T <1.5 GeV/c) as well as correlations between two charged particles. The data were recorded in an unseparated negative hadron beam at the CERN SPS using a large acceptance forward spectrometer. Our maasurements are compared in detail with several models which emphasise the role of the beam valence quarks in this production process. The connection to measurements at largep T is also investigated.

Fermilab will continue to maintain its pre-eminent position in the world of High Energy Physics, with a unique opportunity to make unprecedented studies of the top quark and major discoveries, until the Large Hadron collider (LHC) at CERN becomes operational near the end of the decade. Run II is well underway with major accelerator and detector upgrades since Run I. A program of further upgrades to the accelerator complex will result in an integrated luminosity of 4-8 fb-1 per experiment, by the year 2009.

Introduction: Although racial and ethnic minority groups are disproportionately affected by constipation in the USA, they are underrepresented in clinical studies. This post hoc analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of prucalopride in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) stratified by different racial and ethnic groups. Methods: Data from 6 key phase 3–4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of prucalopride (1 or 2 mg once daily) over 12 weeks were pooled. Patients with CIC were stratified by physician-reported race or ethnicity (Asian, Black or African American, Hispanic, White, other and missing information). The prespecified primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a mean frequency of ≥3 complete spontaneous bowel movements per week over weeks 1–12. Safety data were evaluated descriptively. Results: Of the 2,484 patients included in the full analysis set (mean age, 47.4 years; 76.0% female), 478 (19.2%) were Asian, 78 (3.1%) were Black or African American, 19 (0.8%) were Hispanic and 1857 (74.8%) were White. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. A total of 34 patients (1.4%) reported their race or ethnicity as ‘other’; for 18 patients (0.7%) this information was missing. These 2 groups were not analyzed further. Within each racial and ethnic group, a numerically greater proportion of prucalopride-treated patients achieved the primary efficacy endpoint compared with placebo (Asian: 32.8% vs 10.5%; Black or African American: 17.4% vs 9.4%; Hispanic: 12.5% vs 0.0%; White: 27.8% vs 14.3%; Figure 1A). The proportions of prucalopride-treated patients with treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were similar across all racial and ethnic groups (Asian: 36.1%; Black or African American: 37.0%; Hispanic: 37.5%; White: 36.3%) and were higher than for placebo (Figure 1B). However, most TEAEs were unrelated to the study drug and were mild or moderate in severity across each racial and ethnic group analyzed (Figure 1C). Conclusion: Efficacy and safety outcomes for prucalopride in patients with CIC were similar across the racial and ethnic groups analyzed; however, this analysis was limited by the small numbers of Black or African American and Hispanic patients recruited into the original studies. This may affect the generalizability of the results and highlights the need to recruit more diverse and representative patient populations in future clinical studies.Figure 1.: The proportion of patients with (A) a mean frequency of ≥3 CSBMs per week over weeks 1–12^a (full analysis set)^b and (B) TEAEs (safety analysis set)^c, stratified by race and ethnicity. The full analysis set included all patients who received at least one dose of the study drug and had at least one efficacy assessment after receiving a dose. The safety analysis set included all patients who received at least one dose of the study drug. The 34 patients who reported their race and ethnicity as 'other' and the 18 patients for whom this information was missing were not included in this analysis. A breakdown of the racial and ethnic groups included in the ‘other’ category is not available. a^p values were obtained using the χ2 test, except for the Hispanic group, for which the p value was obtained using Fisher’s exact test. b^For prucalopride 1 or 2 mg once daily: n=241 (Asian), n=46 (Black or African American), n=8 (Hispanic), n=915 (White); for placebo: n=237 (Asian), n=32 (Black or African American), n=11 (Hispanic), n=940 (White). c^For prucalopride 1 or 2 mg once daily: n=241 (Asian), n=46 (Black or African American), n=8 (Hispanic), n=953 (White); for placebo: n=237 (Asian), n=32 (Black or African American), n=11 (Hispanic), n=972 (White). CSBM, complete spontaneous bowel movement; TEAE, treatment-emergent adverse event. Table 1. - Patient demographics and baseline characteristics stratified by race or ethnicity (full analysis set) Prucalopride 1 or 2 mg once daily (n=1212) Placebo (n=1220) Race or ethnicity Race or ethnicity Asian (n=241) Black or African American (n=46) Hispanic (n=8) White (n=917) Asian (n=237) Black or African American (n=32) Hispanic (n=11) White (n=940) Age, years, mean (SD) 41.2 (13.0) 40.8 (10.9) 42.5 (11.4) 49.4 (16.2) 41.7 (13.1) 44.3 (10.7) 43.0 (10.7) 49.1 (15.7) Sex, n (%) Female 215 (89.2) 39 (84.8) 7 (87.5) 660 (72.0) 210 (88.6) 25 (78.1) 10 (90.9) 680 (72.3) Male 26 (10.8) 7 (15.2) 1 (12.5) 257 (28.0) 27 (11.4) 7 (21.9) 1 (9.1) 260 (27.7) BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD)a 22.3 (3.2) 27.5 (4.7) 28.3 (9.4) 25.7 (4.7) 22.2 (3.1) 27.4 (6.4) 25.5 (4.7) 25.4 (4.9) Number of SBMs per week,b n (%) 0 53 (22.0) 17 (37.0) 3 (37.5) 305 (33.3) 48 (20.3) 14 (43.8) 4 (36.4) 287 (30.5) >0 to ≤1 66 (27.4) 19 (41.3) 2 (25.0) 298 (32.5) 60 (25.3) 12 (37.5) 6 (54.5) 305 (32.4) >1 to ≤3 122 (50.6) 9 (19.6) 3 (37.5) 295 (32.2) 129 (54.4) 6 (18.8) 1 (9.1) 328 (34.9) >3 0 (0.0) 1 (2.2) 0 (0.0) 19 (2.1) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 20 (2.1) Hard stools, n (%) 49 (20.3) 0 (0.0) 1 (12.5) 70 (7.6) 48 (20.3) 1 (3.1) 0 (0.0) 68 (7.2) Previous use of laxatives, n (%) Yes 173 (71.8) 38 (82.6) 6 (75.0) 643 (70.1) 161 (67.9) 28 (87.5) 11 (100) 648 (68.9) No 68 (28.2) 8 (17.4) 2 (25.0) 274 (29.9) 76 (32.1) 4 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 292 (31.1) Duration of constipation, yearsc Mean (SD) 12.1 (8.8) 15.9 (14.4) 13.6 (13.7) 17.6 (15.7) 12.2 (9.6) 15.1 (13.0) 18.6 (16.1) 17.6 (15.3) n (%) < 1 2 (0.8) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 31 (3.4) 7 (3.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 33 (3.5) 1 to < 5 54 (22.4) 10 (21.7) 3 (37.5) 198 (21.6) 49 (20.7) 8 (25.0) 3 (27.3) 187 (19.9) 5 to < 10 34 (14.1) 9 (19.6) 1 (12.5) 111 (12.1) 44 (18.6) 7 (21.9) 1 (9.1) 125 (13.3) 10 to < 15 71 (29.5) 7 (15.2) 1 (12.5) 122 (13.3) 55 (23.2) 4 (12.5) 2 (18.2) 105 (11.2) 15 to < 20 17 (7.1) 5 (10.9) 1 (12.5) 78 (8.5) 17 (7.2) 1 (3.1) 0 (0.0) 80 (8.5) ≥20 63 (26.1) 15 (32.6) 2 (25.0) 345 (37.6) 65 (27.4) 12 (37.5) 5 (45.5) 376 (40.0) Missing 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 32 (3.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 34 (3.6) Overall therapeutic effect of laxatives or bulk-forming agents before study commencement, n (%) Adequate 46 (19.1) 11 (23.9) 0 (0.0) 131 (14.3) 48 (20.3) 5 (15.6) 2 (18.2) 130 (13.8) Inadequate 159 (66.0) 35 (76.1) 8 (100) 692 (75.5) 151 (63.7) 25 (78.1) 9 (81.8) 705 (75.0) Not applicable 1 (0.4) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 33 (3.6) 0 (0.0) 2 (6.3) 0 (0.0) 35 (3.7) Missing 35 (14.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 61 (6.7) 38 (16.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 70 (7.4) Data from the following clinical studies were pooled for this post hoc analysis (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers): NCT01147926, NCT01424228, NCT01116206, NCT00483886, NCT00485940 and NCT00488137. The full analysis set included all patients who received at least one dose of the study drug and had at least one efficacy assessment after receiving a dose. The 34 patients who reported their race and ethnicity as 'other' and the 18 patients for whom this information was missing were not included in this analysis. A breakdown of the racial and ethnic groups included in the ‘other’ category is not available. a^n=938 for placebo-treated patients in the White group. b^Number of SBMs per week was measured during the 6-month period before study initiation. c^n=885 for prucalopride-treated and n=906 for placebo-treated patients in the White group. BMI, body mass index; SBM, spontaneous bowel movement; SD, standard deviation.

On September 30, 2011, the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) finished physics data-taking at the Tevatron proton–antiproton collider. The original CDF silicon tracking detector, proposed in 1981 (SVX) and later replaced and updated (SVX′), was again replaced for Run-2 in 2002–2011 (SVX-II, ISL, L00). These systems operated successfully for many years, performing essential roles in exploring physics at the energy frontier, most notably the discovery of the top quark.

We propose an experiment to measure the properties of hadronic charm production using the Tagged Photon Spectrometer facility. We shall measure the flavor, x and A dependence of this process at the same time and in a single apparatus. In addition to collecting several times more charm than any completed or proposed hadronic experiment, we expect to have a sample of F mesons as much as two orders of magnitude more than published efforts. High statistiCs lifetime measurements of several charm states are expected. The experiment is proposed for the next running period. The experiment will record equal numbers of {pi} and K induced events using a fast transverse energy trigger and a modified data acquisition system capable of recording more than 300 events per second. The transverse energy trigger used in E691, providing an enrichment of about 3 over a simple interaction trigger while keeping 80% of the charmed particles, will be used. It will provide at least 300 million events to be examined for possible writing to tape. A new data acquisition system includes 'Level 3' filtering capability before writing events to tape. The experiment requires a minimal hardware extension to an existing and proven facility and will take advantage of the significant software developments already focussed on the charm photoproduction experiment. The eXisting forward spectrometer and silicon microstrip detectors (SMDs) are augmented by a beam DISC Cerenkov counter, a new beam transition radiation detector (TRD) and 6 new planes of beam defining SMDs. The new equipment is associated with (1) defining and identifying the incident charged beam and (2) increasing the recordable event rate by a factor of at least 3 relative to E691. The proponents of this new experiment consist of a subset of the E691 collaboration with new collaborators having multiparticle spectrometer experience. We anticipate additional collaborators joining us if approval is granted.

Experiment E769 at Fermilab obtained charm hadroproduction data during the 1987-88 Fixed Target running period with a 250 GeV hadron beam incident on thin target foils of Be, Al, Cu, and W. From an analysis of 25% of the recorded 400M trigger sample we have explored the Feynman x, p{sub t}{sup 2} and the atomic number dependence of charm quark production using samples of D{sup +} and D{sup 0} mesons. 7 refs., 4 figs.

This report outlines how four of the existing physics programs at Fermilab might evolve during the 1990's, and proposes Fermilab III as the way to provide continuity in the base program, while the decade long transition is made to the SSC program.

Several experiments plan to exploit the copious production of B-particles at the Tevatron. In this paper the prospects are discussed for the present and next generation of beauty experiments in both the fixed-target and collider programs at Fermilab.

The fame of Goldsmith, while it is one of the highest in English literature, has likewise been one of the steadiest, and is certain to be one of the most lasting. Of all our standard authors, there are very few who please so many readers; and, perhaps, none who is as widely popular is at the same time so heartily appreciated by persons of refined and critical taste.