S. Sawant

We report on an exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurement of the basic double-pionic fusion reaction pn→dπ(0)π(0) over the full energy region of the ABC effect, a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the ππ-invariant mass spectrum. The measurements, which cover also the transition region to the conventional t-channel ΔΔ process, were performed with the upgraded WASA detector setup at COSY. The data reveal the Abashian-Booth-Crowe effect to be uniquely correlated with a Lorentzian energy dependence in the integral cross section. The observables are consistent with a narrow resonance with m=2.37 GeV, Γ≈70 MeV and I(J(P))=0(3(+)) in both pn and ΔΔ systems. Necessary further tests of the resonance interpretation are discussed.

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of quasifree polarized $\vec{n}p$ scattering have been performed in the energy region of the narrow resonance structure $d^*$ with $I(J^P) = 0(3^+)$, $M \approx$ 2380 MeV/$c^2$ and $\Gamma \approx$ 70 MeV observed recently in the double-pionic fusion channels $pn \to d\pi^0\pi^0$ and $pn \to d\pi^+\pi^-$. The experiment was carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY having a polarized deuteron beam impinged on the hydrogen pellet target and utilizing the quasifree process $\vec{d}p \to np + p_{spectator}$. That way the $np$ analyzing power $A_y$ was measured over a large angular range. The obtained $A_y$ angular distributions deviate systematically from the current SAID SP07 NN partial-wave solution. Incorporating the new $A_y$ data into the SAID analysis produces a pole in the $^3D_3 - ^3G_3$ waves as expected from the $d^*$ resonance hypothesis.

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the basic double-pionic fusion reactions pn→dπ0π0, pn→dπ+π− and pp→dπ+π0 have been carried out simultaneously over the energy region of the ABC effect using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Whereas the isoscalar reaction part given by the dπ0π0 channel exhibits the ABC effect, i.e. a low-mass enhancement in the ππ-invariant mass distribution, as well as the associated resonance structure in the total cross section, the isovector part given by the dπ+π0 channel shows a smooth behavior consistent with the conventional t-channel ΔΔ process. The dπ+π− data are very well reproduced by combining the data for isovector and isoscalar contributions, if the kinematical consequences of the isospin violation due to different masses for charged and neutral pions are taken into account.

The presently world largest data sample for π0→γe+e− decays studies containing nearly 5×105 events was collected using the WASA detector at COSY. A search for a dark photon U produced in the π0→γU→γe+e− decay from the pp→ppπ0 reaction was carried out. An upper limit on the square of the U−γ mixing strength parameter ϵ2 of 5×10−6 at 90% CL was obtained for the mass range 20 MeV<MU<100 MeV. This result together with other recent experimental limits significantly reduces the MU vs. ϵ2 parameter space which could explain the presently seen deviation between the Standard Model prediction and the direct measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

The successful operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the excellent performance of the ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE detectors in Run-1 and Run-2 with $pp$ collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV as well as the giant leap in precision calculations and modeling of fundamental interactions at hadron colliders have allowed an extraordinary breadth of physics studies including precision measurements of a variety physics processes. The LHC results have so far confirmed the validity of the Standard Model of particle physics up to unprecedented energy scales and with great precision in the sectors of strong and electroweak interactions as well as flavour physics, for instance in top quark physics. The upgrade of the LHC to a High Luminosity phase (HL-LHC) at 14 TeV center-of-mass energy with 3 ab$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity will probe the Standard Model with even greater precision and will extend the sensitivity to possible anomalies in the Standard Model, thanks to a ten-fold larger data set, upgraded detectors and expected improvements in the theoretical understanding. This document summarises the physics reach of the HL-LHC in the realm of strong and electroweak interactions and top quark physics, and provides a glimpse of the potential of a possible further upgrade of the LHC to a 27 TeV $pp$ collider, the High-Energy LHC (HE-LHC), assumed to accumulate an integrated luminosity of 15 ab$^{-1}$.

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $np \to np\pi^0\pi^0$ reaction have been performed by means of $dp$ collisions at $T_d$ = 2.27 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt s$ = (2.35 - 2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated $d^*(2380)$ resonance. Adding the $d^*$ resonance amplitude to that for the conventional processes leads to a reasonable description of the data. The observed resonance effect in the total cross section is in agreement with the predictions of F\"aldt and Wilkin as well Albadajedo and Oset. The ABC effect, {\it i.e.} the low-mass enhancement in the $\pi^0\pi^0$-invariant mass spectrum, is found to be very modest - if present at all, which might pose a problem to some of its interpretations.

Exclusive measurements of the quasifree $pn\ensuremath{\rightarrow}pp{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ reaction have been performed by means of $pd$ collisions at ${T}_{p}$ $=$ 1.2 GeV using the wide angle shower apparatus (WASA) detector setup at the cooler synchrotron COSY (Institut f\"ur Kernphysik, J\"ulich). Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt{s}$ $=$ (2.35--2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated resonance structure. No ABC effect, i.e., low-mass enhancement is found in the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-invariant mass spectrum, in agreement with the constraint from Bose statistics that the isovector pion pair can not be in relative $s$ wave. At the upper end of the covered energy region $t$-channel processes for Roper, $\ensuremath{\Delta}(1600)$ and $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\Delta}$ excitations provide a reasonable description of the data, but at low energies the measured cross sections are much larger than predicted by such processes. Adding a resonance amplitude for the resonance at $m$ $=$ 2.37 GeV with $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ $=$ 70 MeV and $I({J}^{P})=0({3}^{+})$ observed recently in $pn\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and $pn\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ reactions leads to an agreement with the data also at low energies.

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, was a success achieved with only a percent of the entire dataset foreseen for the LHC. It opened a landscape of possibilities in the study of Higgs boson properties, Electroweak Symmetry breaking and the Standard Model in general, as well as new avenues in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model. Six years after the discovery, with a conspicuously larger dataset collected during LHC Run 2 at a 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy, the theory and experimental particle physics communities have started a meticulous exploration of the potential for precision measurements of its properties. This includes studies of Higgs boson production and decays processes, the search for rare decays and production modes, high energy observables, and searches for an extended electroweak symmetry breaking sector. This report summarises the potential reach and opportunities in Higgs physics during the High Luminosity phase of the LHC, with an expected dataset of pp collisions at 14 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 ab$^{-1}$. These studies are performed in light of the most recent analyses from LHC collaborations and the latest theoretical developments. The potential of an LHC upgrade, colliding protons at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV and producing a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15 ab$^{-1}$, is also discussed.

An exclusive measurement of the excitation function for the dd->3Heppi- reaction was performed at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY-Juelich with the WASA-at-COSY detection system. The data were taken during a slow acceleration of the beam from 2.185 GeV/c to 2.400 GeV/c crossing the kinematic threshold for the eta meson production in the dd->4He-eta reaction at 2.336 GeV/c. The corresponding excess energy with respect to the 4He-eta system varied from -51.4MeV to 22MeV. The integrated luminosity in the experiment was determined using the dd->3Hen reaction. The shape of the excitation function for the dd->3Heppi- was examined. No signal of the 4He-eta bound state was observed. An upper limit for the cross-section for the bound state formation and decay in the process dd->(4He-eta)bound->3Heppi- was determined on the 90% confidence level and it varies from 20nb to 27nb for the bound state width ranging from 5MeV to 35MeV, respectively.

New data on quasifree polarized neutron-proton scattering, in the region of the recently observed $d^*$ resonance structure, have been obtained by exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements with WASA at COSY. This paper details the determination of the beam polarization, checks of the quasifree character of the scattering process, on all obtained $A_y$ angular distributions and on the new partial-wave analysis, which includes the new data producing a resonance pole in the $^3D_3$-$^3G_3$ coupled partial waves at ($2380\pm10 - i40\pm5$) MeV -- in accordance with the $d^*$ dibaryon resonance hypothesis. The effect of the new partial-wave solution on the description of total and differential cross section data as well as specific combinations of spin-correlation and spin-transfer observables available from COSY-ANKE measurements at $T_d$ = 2.27 GeV is discussed.

An exclusive measurement of the decay η→π+π−γ has been performed at the WASA facility at COSY. The η mesons were produced in the fusion reaction pd→He3 X at a proton beam momentum of 1.7 GeV/c. Efficiency corrected differential distributions have been extracted based on 13960±140 events after background subtraction. The measured pion angular distribution is consistent with a relative p-wave of the two-pion system, whereas the measured photon energy spectrum was found at variance with the simplest gauge invariant matrix element of η→π+π−γ. A parameterization of the data can be achieved by the additional inclusion of the empirical pion vector form factor multiplied by a first-order polynomial in the squared invariant mass of the π+π− system.

The search for He4-η bound states was performed with the WASA-at-COSY facility via the measurement of the excitation function for the dd→He3nπ0 and dd→He3pπ− processes. The deuteron beam momentum was varied continuously between 2.127 GeV/c and 2.422 GeV/c, corresponding to the excess energy for the dd→He4η reaction ranging from Q=−70MeV to Q=30MeV. The luminosity was determined based on the dd→He3n reaction and the quasi-free proton–proton scattering via dd→ppnspectatornspectator reactions. The excitation functions, determined independently for the measured reactions, do not reveal a structure which could be interpreted as a narrow mesic nucleus. Therefore, the upper limits of the total cross sections for the bound state production and decay in dd→(He4-η)bound→He3nπ0 and dd→(He4-η)bound→He3pπ− processes were determined taking into account the isospin relation between the both of the considered channels. The results of the analysis depend on the assumptions of the N⁎(1535) momentum distribution in the anticipated mesic-He4. Assuming, as in the previous works, that this is identical with the distribution of nucleons bound with 20 MeV in He4, we determined that (for the mesic bound state width in the range from 5 MeV to 50 MeV) the upper limits at 90% confidence level are about 3 nb and about 6 nb for nπ0 and pπ− channels, respectively. However, based on the recent theoretical findings of the N⁎(1535) momentum distribution in the N⁎-He3 nucleus bound by 3.6 MeV, we find that the WASA-at-COSY detector acceptance decreases and hence the corresponding upper limits are 5 nb and 10 nb for nπ0 and pπ− channels respectively.

Exclusive and kinematically complete measurements of the double pionic fusion to ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}$ have been performed in the energy region of the so-called ABC effect, which denotes a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$-invariant mass spectrum. The experiments were carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY (the cooler synchrotron at Forschungszentrum J\"ulich). Similar to the observations in the basic $pn\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ reaction and in the $dd\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{}^{4}\mathrm{He}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ reaction, the data reveal a correlation between the ABC effect and a resonance-like energy dependence in the total cross section. Differential cross sections are well described by the hypothesis of ${d}^{*}$ resonance formation during the reaction process in addition to the conventional $t$-channel $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\Delta}$ mechanism. The deduced ${d}^{*}$ resonance width can be understood from collision broadening due to Fermi motion of the nucleons in initial and final nuclei.

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the double pionic fusion reaction $dd \to ^4$He$\pi^0\pi^0$ have been performed in the energy range 0.8 - 1.4 GeV covering thus the region of the ABC effect, which denotes a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the $\pi\pi$-invariant mass spectrum. The experiments were carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY. Similar to the observation in the basic $pn \to d \pi^0\pi^0$ reaction, the data reveal a correlation between the ABC effect and a resonance-like energy dependence in the total cross section. The maximum occurs at m=2.37 GeV + 2$m_N$, i.e. at the same position as in the basic reaction. The observed resonance width $\Gamma \approx$ 160 MeV can be understood from broadening due to Fermi motion of the nucleons in initial and final nuclei together with collision damping. Differential cross sections are described equally well by the hypothesis of a $pn$ resonance formation during the reaction process.

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free pn→ppπ− and pp→ppπ0 reactions have been performed by means of pd collisions at Tp=1.2 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region Tp=0.95–1.3GeV (s=2.3–2.46 GeV), which includes the regions of Δ(1232), ⁎N⁎(1440) and ⁎d⁎(2380) resonance excitations. From these measurements the isoscalar single-pion production has been extracted, for which data existed so far only below Tp=1 GeV. We observe a substantial increase of this cross section around 1 GeV, which can be related to the Roper resonance ⁎N⁎(1440), the strength of which shows up isolated from the Δ resonance in the isoscalar (Nπ)I=0 invariant-mass spectrum. No evidence for a decay of the dibaryon resonance ⁎d⁎(2380) into the isoscalar (NNπ)I=0 channel is found. An upper limit of 180 μb (90% C.L.) corresponding to a branching ratio of 9% has been deduced.

Dalitz plot distribution of the $\eta\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ decay is determined using a data sample of $1.2\cdot 10^7$ $\eta$ mesons from $pd\to ^3\textrm{He}\eta$ reaction at 1 GeV collected by the WASA detector at COSY.

The reaction pp→ppπ0π0 has been investigated at a beam energy of 1.4 GeV using the WASA-at-COSY facility. The total cross section is found to be (324±21systematic±58normalization)μb. In order to study the production mechanism, differential kinematic distributions have been evaluated. The differential distributions indicate that both initial state protons are excited into intermediate Δ(1232) resonances, each decaying into a proton and a single pion, thereby producing the pion pair in the final state. No significant contribution of the Roper resonance N⁎(1440) via its decay into a proton and two pions is found.

We report on a high-statistics measurement of the most basic double pionic fusion reaction $\vec{n}p \to d\pi^0\pi^0$ over the energy region of the $d^*(2380)$ resonance by use of a polarized deuteron beam and observing the double fusion reaction in the quasifree scattering mode. The measurements were performed with the WASA detector setup at COSY. The data reveal substantial analyzing powers and confirm conclusions about the $d^*$ resonance obtained from unpolarized measurements. We also confirm the previous unpolarized data obtained under complementary kinematic conditions.

Due to the incorporation of machine learning techniques, medical image analysis has made significant strides in recent years. In this paper, we concentrate on a crucial application: employing machine learning to extract literary impressions from chest X-ray pictures. The goal of the project is to fill the gap between natural language processing and medical imaging by enabling the automatic creation of radio-logical impressions, which are crucial for diagnostic reports. The problem statement includes a number of significant difficulties. A lack of positive examples compared to negative cases in medical datasets can skew model training and impair diagnostic precision. For impression formation, accurate feature extraction from chest X-ray pictures is essential. The CheXNet model must be carefully adjusted to the particular task at hand in order to be used for this purpose. Converting visual information into cohesive literary perceptions is the main challenge. To do this while minimizing the risk of overfitting, a sequence-to-sequence model with an attention mechanism must be used to precisely match image attributes with textual information. These difficulties highlight the project’s complexity and highlight the requirement for exact machine learning methods, advanced architectural layouts, and strategic feature extraction in order to enable the automated generation of high-quality radio-logical images.

In recent years, the world has experienced online style of schooling. In case of bad weather conditions or pandemic events like COVID-19, schools and universities changes to online form of instruction. Tools like Zoom call or Google Meet were used. These tools, although being a significant tool for enabling remote learning, pose problems such as reduced attention, interruptions, restricted involvement, screen fatigue, lack of interaction and teacher burnout. Virtual reality technologies are promising to effectively enrich our daily lives. Enhancing learning experiences with virtual reality technologies is one of important paths to make the technologies affect our daily lifestyle, because students in classes need not come together in the same spot. With the use of virtual reality (VR), students may attend lessons from anywhere at any time, feeling as though they are in the same classroom. Moreover, virtual reality technologies can bring extra effects that cannot be reproduced in current virtual class rooms. The study suggests VR Classroom that offers a virtual place where students and a teacher virtually remain in the same spot. VR Classroom also includes numerous options to inspire students through engaging features.

The WASA-at-COSY experiment has collected $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7}$ events with $\ensuremath{\eta}$ mesons produced via the reaction $pd\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}\mathrm{He}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\eta}$ at $\mathrm{T}=1.0\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}$. Using this data set, we evaluate the branching ratios of the decays $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. The branching ratios are normalized to the $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ decay. In addition an upper limit on a $CP$-violating asymmetry in $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is extracted.

Exclusive measurements of the quasifree pp → ppπ þ π -reaction have been carried out at WASA@COSY by means of pd collisions at T p ¼ 1.2 GeV.Total and differential cross sections have been extracted covering the energy region T p ¼ 1.08-1.36GeV, which is the region of N Ã ð1440Þ and

We present new data for angular distributions and on the cross section ratio of the p+d → 3He + η reaction at excess energies of Q = 48.8 MeV and Q = 59.8 MeV. The data have been obtained at the WASA-at-COSY experiment (Forschungszentrum Jülich) using a proton beam and a deuterium pellet target. While the shape of obtained angular distributions show only a slow variation with the energy, the new results indicate a distinct and unexpected total cross section fluctuation between Q = 20 MeV and Q = 60 MeV, which might indicate the variation of the production mechanism within this energy interval.

Using the production reactions pd→He3ω and pp→ppω, the Dalitz plot distribution for the ω→π+π−π0 decay is studied with the WASA detector at COSY, based on a combined data sample of (4.408±0.042)×104 events. The Dalitz plot density is parametrised by a product of the P-wave phase space and a polynomial expansion in the normalised polar Dalitz plot variables Z and ϕ. For the first time, a deviation from pure P-wave phase space is observed with a significance of 4.1σ. The deviation is parametrised by a linear term 1+2αZ, with α determined to be +0.147±0.036, consistent with the expectations of ρ-meson-type final-state interactions of the P-wave pion pairs.

Various theoretical calculations based on QCD or hadronic interactions predict that in addition to the recently observed dibaryon resonance d⁎(2380) with I(JP)=0(3+) there should also exist a dibaryon resonance with mirrored quantum numbers I(JP)=3(0+). We report here on a search for such a NN-decoupled state in data on the pp→ppπ+π+π−π− reaction. Since no clear-cut evidence has been found, we give upper limits for the production cross section of such a resonance in the mass range 2280–2500 MeV.

The excitation function for the pd → dpπ 0 reaction has been measured by WASA-at-COSY experiment with the aim of searching for 3 He-η mesic nuclei.The measurement in the vicinity of η meson production was performed using a ramped proton beam.The data analysis and interpretation was carried out with the assumption that the η-mesic Helium decays via the formation of an intermediate N * (1535) resonance.No direct signal of the η-mesic nucleus is observed in the excitation function.We determine a new improved upper limit for the total cross section for the bound state production and decay in the pd → ( 3 He-η) bound → dpπ 0 process.It varies between 13 nb to 24 nb for the bound state with width in the range Γ ∈ (5, 50) MeV.

U2Ti and UZr2.3 alloys were prepared by arc melting method, vacuum annealed and characterized by XRD, SEM and EDX methods. Hydrogen isotope effect on the storage behavior of these alloys were studied by measuring the hydrogen/deuterium desorption pressure–composition–temperature (PCT) profiles in the temperature range of 573–678 K using a Sievert's type volumetric apparatus. It was observed that, in the temperature and pressure range of investigation, all the isotherms show a single desorption plateau. The PCT data reveals that both U2Ti and UZr2.3 alloys had normal isotope effects on hydrogen/deuterium desorption at all experimental temperatures. Thermodynamic parameters for dehydrogenation and dedeuteration reactions of the corresponding hydrides and deuterides of the above alloys were deduced from the PCT data.

Charge symmetry breaking (CSB) observables are a suitable experimental tool to examine effects induced by quark masses on the nuclear level. Previous high precision data from TRIUMF and IUCF are currently used to develop a consistent description of CSB within the framework of chiral perturbation theory. In this work the experimental studies on the reaction dd->4He{\pi}0 have been extended towards higher excess energies in order to provide information on the contribution of p-waves in the final state. For this, an exclusive measurement has been carried out at a beam momentum of p=1.2 GeV/c using the WASA-at-COSY facility. The total cross section amounts to sigma(tot) = (118 +- 18(stat) +- 13(sys) +- 8(ext)) pb and first data on the differential cross section are consistent with s-wave pion production.

New data on both total and differential cross sections of the production of $\eta$ mesons in proton-deuteron fusion to ${}^3\text{He}\,\eta$ in the excess energy region $13.6\;\text{MeV}\leq Q_\eta \leq 80.9\;\text{MeV}$ are presented. These data have been obtained with the WASA-at-COSY detector setup located at the Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, using a proton beam at 15 different beam momenta between $p_p = 1.60\;\text{GeV}/c$ and $p_p = 1.74\;\text{GeV}/c$. While significant structure of the total cross section is observed in the energy region $20\;\text{MeV}\lesssim Q_\eta \lesssim 60\;\text{MeV}$, a previously reported sharp variation around $Q_\eta\approx 50\;\text{MeV}$ cannot be confirmed. Angular distributions show the typical forward-peaking that was reported elsewhere. For the first time, it is possible to study the development of these angular distributions with rising excess energy over a large interval.

We report on the experimental search for the bound state of an $\eta$ meson and $^{3}\hspace{-0.03cm}\mbox{He}$ nucleus performed using the WASA-at-COSY detector setup. In order to search for the $\eta$-mesic nucleus decay, the $pd\rightarrow$ $^{3}\hspace{-0.03cm}\mbox{He} 2\gamma$ and $pd\rightarrow$ $^{3}\hspace{-0.03cm}\mbox{He} 6\gamma$ channels have been analysed. These reactions manifest the direct decay of $\eta$ meson bound in $^{3}\hspace{-0.03cm}\mbox{He}$ nucleus. This non-mesonic decay channel has been considered for the first time. When taking into account only statistical errors, the obtained excitation functions reveal a slight indication for a possible bound state signal corresponding to an $^3$He-$\eta$ nucleus width $\Gamma$ above 20 MeV and binding energy $B_s$ between 0 and 15 MeV. However, the determined cross sections are consistent with zero in the range of the systematic uncertainty. Therefore, as final result we estimate only the upper limit for the cross section of the $\eta$-mesic $^{3}\hspace{-0.03cm}\mbox{He}$ nucleus formation followed by the $\eta$ meson decay which varies between $2$ nb and $15$ nb depending on possible bound state parameters.

Precise positioning is essential to the success of the weld and the quality of the end state of each part and can lead to problems during production if not done correctly. Aid of fixtures enable in repetitive jobs of welding well maintaining quality and reliability. High-quality standard angle fixtures already exist in the industry, however the same are restricted to welding components with 90° fixed orientations. Hence to overcome angular positioning constraints as well as to bring innovation in welding domain, special welding fixture was designed which was of low cost and also enabled 0°–180° precise welding. This fixture not only permitted on-site standardized fabrication, but also enabled usage at off-site fabrication as well. The fixture being light in weight and handy enabled to properly handle outdoor welding applications, manufacture angle brackets, and customized jobs of wide variety. The characteristic design of this fixture making it adjustable, light weight, easy operation, and handling made it unique in its category and thus rendered it as operator friendly. Compared to existing standard and manually intervened fixtures, the designed fixture minimized the errors. Thus this may enable reduction in scrap and rework bringing down wastage and associated costs. As a result the follow-up work post-welding gets eliminated, and the manufacturer is facilitated to produce more products easily as well as swiftly increasing the company's reputation with higher expectations and leading to employee satisfaction as well.

Recently a two-step process has been proposed for the double-pionic fusion to deuterium pn(I=0)→dπ+π−. Its calculation is solely based on total cross section data for the two sequential single-pion production steps pn(I=0)→ppπ− followed by pp→dπ+. Though this sequential process was aimed to explain the dibaryon resonance ⁎d⁎(2380) peak in double-pionic fusion, we demonstrate that this is not the case. It rather fits to a possible broad bump at 2.31 GeV in the energy dependence of the pn→dπ0π0 reaction, which was recently interpreted as a consequence of dibaryonic excitations in isoscalar single-pion production.

The heat capacities of polycrystalline nLiH and nLiD were measured by differential scanning calorimeter in the temperature range from 125 to 800 K. The smoothed values of heat capacities were used to calculate various thermodynamic functions for nLiH and nLiD from 0 to 800 K. Isotopic effect on heat capacity of nLiH and nLiD is predominant at higher temperatures (>80 K) whereas below 80 K the isotopic effect is negligible.

An exclusive measurement of the $dd{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}^{3}\mathrm{He}n{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ reaction was carried out at a beam momentum of ${p}_{d}=$ 1.2 GeV/$c$ using the WASA-at-COSY facility. Information on the total cross section as well as differential distributions was obtained. The data are described by a phenomenological approach based on a combination of a quasifree model and a partial wave expansion for the three-body reaction. The total cross section is found to be ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{tot}}=(2.89\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{01}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{06}_{\mathrm{sys}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.{29}_{\mathrm{norm}})\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{b}$. The contribution of the quasifree processes (with the beam or target neutron being a spectator) accounts for 38$%$ of the total cross section and dominates the differential distributions in specific regions of phase space. The remaining part of the cross section can be described by a partial wave decomposition indicating the significance of $p$-wave contributions in the final state.

The differential cross section for the 1H(d,pp)n breakup reaction at deuteron beam energy of 340 MeV has been measured with the use of the WASA detector at COSY-Jülich. The set of proton-proton coincidences registered at the Forward Detector has been analyzed on a dense grid of kinematic variables, giving in total around 5600 data points. The cross-section data are compared to theoretical predictions based on the state-of-the-art nucleon-nucleon potentials, combined with a three-nucleon force or the Coulomb interaction or carried out in a relativistic regime.13 MoreReceived 15 November 2019Accepted 6 March 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044001©2020 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBreakup reactionsFew-body systemsNuclear forcesNuclear Physics

We report on the search for the rare decay η→π0e+e− which is of interest to study C violation in the electromagnetic interaction which would indicate contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model, since the allowed decay via a two-photon intermediate state is strongly suppressed. The experiment has been performed using the WASA-at-COSY installation, located at the COSY accelerator of the Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. In total 3×107 events of the reaction pd→3Heη have been recorded at an excess energy of Q=59.8MeV. Based on this data set the C parity violating decay η→π0γ⁎→π0e+e− via a single-photon intermediate state has been searched for, resulting in new upper limits of Γ(η→π0e+e−)/Γ(η→π+π−π0)<3.28×10−5 and Γ(η→π0e+e−)/Γ(η→all)<7.5×10−6 (CL=90%), respectively.

These are the proceedings of the second PrimeNet Workshop, held in September 26-28, 2011, at the campus of Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. This workshop is part of the activities in the project "Study of Strongly Interacting Matter" (acronym HadronPhysics2), which is an integrating activity of the Seventh Framework Program of EU. This HP2 project contains several activities, one of them being the network PrimeNet having the focus on Meson Physics in Low-Energy QCD. This network is created to exchange information on experimental and theoretical ongoing activities on mainly eta and eta-prime physics at different European accelerator facilities and institutes.

Differential cross sections have been extracted from exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of quasifree polarized $\vec{n}p$ scattering performed in the energy region of the $d^*(2380)$ dibaryon resonance covering the the range of beam energies $T_n$ = 0.98 - 1.29 GeV ($\sqrt s$ = 2.32 - 2.44 GeV). The experiment was carried out with the WASA-at-COSY setup having a polarized deuteron beam impinged on the hydrogen pellet target and utilizing the quasifree process $dp \to np + p_{spectator}$. That way the $np$ differential cross section $σ(Θ)$ was measured over a large angular range. The obtained angular distributions complement the corresponding analyzing power $A_y(Θ)$ measurements published previously. A SAID partial-wave analysis incorporating the new data strengthens the finding of a resonance pole in the coupled $^3D_3 - ^3G_3$ waves.

This letter reports a first quantitative analysis of the contribution of higher partial waves in the charge symmetry breaking reaction $dd \to {}^4\text{He}π^0$ using the WASA-at-COSY detector setup at an excess energy of $Q = 60$ MeV. The determined differential cross section can be parametrized as $\text{d}σ/\text{d}Ω= a + b\cos^{2}θ^*$, where $θ^*$ is the production angle of the pion in the center-of-mass coordinate system, and the results for the parameters are $a = \left(1.55 \pm 0.46 (\text{stat}) ^{+0.32}_{-0.8} (\text{syst}) \right)$ pb/sr and $b = \left(13.1 \pm 2.1 (\text{stat}) ^{+1.0}_{-2.7} (\text{syst})\right)$ pb/sr. The data are compatible with vanishing p-waves and a sizable d-wave contribution. This finding should strongly constrain the contribution of the $Δ$ isobar to the $dd \to {}^4\text{He}π^0$ reaction and is, therefore, crucial for a quantitative understanding of quark mass effects in nuclear production reactions.

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $pp \to pp\pi^+\pi^-$ reaction have been performed by means of $pd$ collisions at $T_p$ = 1.2 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $T_p = 1.08 - 1.36$ GeV ($\sqrt s$ = 2.35 - 2.46 GeV), which includes the regions of $N^*(1440)$ and $\Delta(1232)\Delta(1232)$ resonance excitations. Calculations describing these excitations by $t$-channel meson exchange are at variance with experimental differential cross sections and underpredict substantially the measured total cross section. An isotensor $\Delta N$ dibaryon resonance with $I(J^P) = 2(1^+)$ produced associatedly with a pion is able to overcome these deficiencies. Such a dibaryon was predicted by Dyson and Xuong and more recently calculated by Gal and Garcilazo.

This paper presents an innovative approach to developing a travel application for Android mobile phones that integrates a retrieval-based chatbot.The primary goal of our system is to provide convenient and reliable information about tourist places and accommodations in Pune.By incorporating internet map and hotel/resort booking services, we aim to enhance the overall user experience.Additionally, our proposed architecture includes a retrieval-based chatbot that offers 24/7 customer support, emulating real-person interactions.The chatbot assists users with their inquiries related to the application, ensuring user-friendly communication.Our system strives to empower travel enthusiasts by enabling them to discover the best accommodations and navigate easy routes, ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction.

Taking advantage of the high acceptance and axial symmetry of the WASA-at-COSY detector, and the high degree of the polarized proton beam of COSY, the reaction pp{\to} pp{\eta} has been measured close to threshold to explore the analyzing power Ay. The angular distribution of Ay is determined with the precision improved by more than one order of magnitude with respect to previous results allowing a first accurate comparison with theoretical predictions. The determined analyzing power is consistent with zero for an excess energy of Q = 15 MeV signaling s wave production with no evidence for higher partial waves. At Q = 72 MeV the data reveals strong interference of P s and P p partial waves and cancellation of (P p) and Ss*Sd contributions. These results rule out the presently available theoretical predictions for the production mechanism of the {\eta} meson.

The mini-proceedings of the MesonNet 2013 International Workshop held in Prague from June 17th to 19th, 2013, are presented. MesonNet is a research network within EU HadronPhysics3 project (1/2012 -- 12/2014). The web page of the conference, which contains all talks, can be found at this http URL

Construction is one of the most important employment sectors in India with very minimal research being done to identify the delay factors and causes that affect the construction Industry. The opinions of the construction professional required for the research was obtained by conduction interviews. A set of questions were circulated between the professionals working on the site to acquire the causes and effects of delays faced by them. To resolve the issues various studies and researches have been done by various researchers. The data analyzed in the research was done by using Relative Important Index (RII) which helpsto categories and rank the causes of delays according to the importance of the causes with respect to its contribution towards time delays, arbitration, litigation, cost overrun and total abandonment. Spearmen’s rank correlation coefficient was used compare the effect of delays between contractors, owners and consultants. In this paper, the research is aimed towards finding the effects of various causes on the various parties on construction sites of coastal parts of Mumbai and methods of minimization of the same.

Various theoretical calculations based on QCD or hadronic interactions predict that in addition to the recently observ ed dibaryon resonance d ∗ (2380) with I(J P ) = 0(3 + ) there should also exist a dibaryon resonance with mirrored quantum numbers I(J P ) = 3(0 + ). We report here on a search for such a NN-decoupled state in data on the pp→ pp� + � + � − � − reaction. Since no clear-cut evidence has been found, we give upper limits for the production cross section of such a resonance in the mass range 2280 - 2500 MeV.

Abstract The equilibrium pressure over the phase mixture (Li2NH + LiNH2 + LiH) was measured from 343 to 683 K by static manometric method. The plot of ln (peq/p0) versus (1/T) showed three distinct temperature regions with different slopes. Analysis of the equilibrium gas composition in each temperature regions revealed that the equilibrium gas is a mixture of H2, NH3 and N2 below 443 K whereas above 443 K, the equilibrium gas is mainly H2. The enthalpy and entropy of the reaction of H2 with Li2NH to form LiNH2 and LiH are found to be −55.0 ± 1.3 kJ∙mol−1 and −86 ± 2 J∙K−1∙mol−1, respectively at 523 K, where LiNH2 exists in the solid state and −18.5 ± 0.5 kJ∙mol−1 and −26 ± 1 J∙K−1∙mol−1, respectively at 658 K, where LiNH2 exists in the liquid state. The enthalpy and entropy of melting of solid LiNH2 are calculated as 36.5 ± 1.4 kJ∙mol−1 and 60 ± 2 J∙K−1∙mol−1, respectively.

Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the basic double pionic fusion reactions pn ! d� 0 � 0 , pn ! d� + � and pp ! d� + � 0 have been carried out simultaneously over the energy region of the ABC effect using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Whereas the isoscalar reaction part given by the d� 0 � 0 channel exhibits the ABC effect, i.e. a low-mass enhancement in the ��-invariant mass distribution, as well as the associated res onance structure in the total cross section, the isovector part given by the d� + � 0 channel shows a smooth behavior consistent with the conventional t-channel �� process. The d� + � data are very well reproduced by combining the data for isovector and isoscalar contributions, if the kinematical consequen ces of the isospin violation due to different masses for charged and neutral pions are taken into acc ount.

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $pn \to ppπ^-$ and $pp \to ppπ^0$ reactions have been performed by means of $pd$ collisions at $T_p$ = 1.2 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $T_p = 0.95 - 1.3$ GeV ($\sqrt s$ = 2.3 - 2.46 GeV), which includes the regions of $Δ(1232)$, $N^*(1440)$ and $d^*(2380)$ resonance excitations. From these measurements the isoscalar single-pion production has been extracted, for which data existed so far only below $T_p$ = 1 GeV. We observe a substantial increase of this cross section above 1 GeV, which can be related to the Roper resonance $N^*(1440)$, the strength of which shows up isolated from the $Δ$ resonance in the isoscalar $(Nπ)_{I=0}$ invariant-mass spectrum. No evidence for a decay of the dibaryon resonance $d^*(2380)$ into the isoscalar $(NNπ)_{I=0}$ channel is found. An upper limit of 90 $μ$b (90 $\%$ C.L.) corresponding to a branching ratio of 5 $\%$ has been deduced.

Being a part of a globalized society, we are using data at a truly unprecedented rate. Given the daily rise in the need for data and space consumption, it is clear that technology must be developed that will not only conserve space but also expand memory. Storage capacity is a key factor in the development of portable devices such as mobile, MP3 players, digital cameras, etc. In today's technology data storage capacity is crossing over its limit due to the superparamagnetic effect. This technology with longitudinal recording has an estimated limit of 100-200 gigabytes/sq.inch whereas, by perpendicular recording, it increases almost 100 times. This study involves analyzing magnetic single domain nanoparticles suitable for the purpose of high density magnetic data storage. In this work, Co13Cu87 and Fe3O4 have been studied and are speculated to perform satisfying performances. It has been shown that the magnetic characteristics of these nanoalloys can be easily tailored, making it versatile and scalable for storing data.

New data on the production of single neutral pions in the $pd\rightarrow{}^3\textrm{He}\,\pi^0$ reaction are presented. For fifteen proton beam momenta between $p_p=1.60\;\textrm{GeV}/c$ and $p_p=1.74\;\textrm{GeV}/c$, differential cross sections are determined over a large fraction of the backward hemisphere. Since the only previous systematic measurements of single-pion production at these energies were made in collinear kinematics, the present work constitutes a significant extension of the current knowledge on this reaction. Even this far above the production threshold, significant changes are found in the behaviour of the angular distributions over small intervals in beam momentum.

The discovery of the Standard Model (SM) like Higgs boson (H) at 125 GeV/c $$^{2}$$ mass by the CMS and the ATLAS experiments in 2012 [1, 2] corroborates the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB). Precise measurements of coupling of this discovered H with itself and other elementary particles in SM are crucial in determining its exact role in EWSB mechanism. Pair production of Higgs boson (HH) provides a direct probe to the Higgs boson self-coupling.

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.