Philippe Gras

By measuring the substructure of a jet, one can assign it a "quark" or "gluon" tag. In the eikonal (double-logarithmic) limit, quark/gluon discrimination is determined solely by the color factor of the initiating parton (C_F versus C_A). In this paper, we confront the challenges faced when going beyond this leading-order understanding, using both parton-shower generators and first-principles calculations to assess the impact of higher-order perturbative and nonperturbative physics. Working in the idealized context of electron-positron collisions, where one can define a proxy for quark and gluon jets based on the Lorentz structure of the production vertex, we find a fascinating interplay between perturbative shower effects and nonperturbative hadronization effects. Turning to proton-proton collisions, we highlight a core set of measurements that would constrain current uncertainties in quark/gluon tagging and improve the overall modeling of jets at the Large Hadron Collider.

We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum. We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future. We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data.

Research in high energy physics (HEP) requires huge amounts of computing and storage, putting strong constraints on the code speed and resource usage. To meet these requirements, a compiled high-performance language is typically used; while for physicists, who focus on the application when developing the code, better research productivity pleads for a high-level programming language. A popular approach consists of combining Python, used for the high-level interface, and C++, used for the computing intensive part of the code. A more convenient and efficient approach would be to use a language that provides both high-level programming and high-performance. The Julia programming language, developed at MIT especially to allow the use of a single language in research activities, has followed this path. In this paper the applicability of using the Julia language for HEP research is explored, covering the different aspects that are important for HEP code development: runtime performance, handling of large projects, interface with legacy code, distributed computing, training, and ease of programming. The study shows that the HEP community would benefit from a large scale adoption of this programming language. The HEP-specific foundation libraries that would need to be consolidated are identified

We report on the multiple wavelength laser monitoring system designed for the compact muon solenoid (CMS) lead tungstate crystal calorimeter. Results are presented for the test-beam performance of the system designed to achieve ⩽0.2% relative optical transmittance inter-calibration for 75 848 lead tungstate crystals. The system cycles continuously over the calorimeter to follow each crystal's evolution under the irradiation and recovery periods foreseen during operation at the LHC.

Hadronic event shapes have been measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV, with a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 inverse picobarns. Event-shape distributions, corrected for detector response, are compared with five models of QCD multijet production.

A measurement of the top-antitop production cross section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been performed at the LHC with the CMS detector. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns and is based on the reconstruction of the final state with one isolated, high transverse-momentum electron or muon and three or more hadronic jets. The kinematic properties of the events are used to separate the top-antitop signal from W+jets and QCD multijet background events. The measured cross section is 173 + 39 - 32 (stat. + syst.) pb, consistent with standard model expectations.

The charge asymmetry in the production of top quark and antiquark pairs is measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns, were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Events with a single isolated electron or muon, and four or more jets, at least one of which is likely to have originated from hadronization of a bottom quark, are selected. A template technique is used to measure the asymmetry in the distribution of differences in the top quark and antiquark absolute rapidities. The measured asymmetry is A[c,y] = [0.33 +/- 0.26 (stat) +/- 0.33 (syst)]%, which is the most precise result to date. The results are compared to calculations based on the standard model and on several beyond-the-standard-model scenarios.

Using a high-resolution silicon vertex detector we have observed a very clean signal of 127 D∗+. After a careful study of the experimental resolution of our apparatus we have measured m(D∗++)−m(D0) = 145.39±0.06±0.03 MeV. We have also obtained a 90% CL upper limit to γ(D∗+) of 131 keV.

The NA 32 experiment at the CERN SPS has collected 38 million hadronic interactions with incident 200 GeV/c π−,K − andp beam. Using a segmented silicon active target and a telescope of high resolution silicon microstrip counters we have selected fully reconstructedD 0→K −π+,D 0→K −π+π+π−,D +→K −π+π+,D + →K − K +π+π+ and charge conjugate decays. The integrated cross-sections forD o,D + D *+ andD + meson production and the dependence of the cross-section on longitudinal and transverse momentum of theD are presented.

This document summarises the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Split17 workshop, the first general meeting of the VBSCan COST Action network. This collaboration is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

We report on the development of scintillating bolometers based on lithium molybdate crystals that contain molybdenum that has depleted into the double-β active isotope 100Mo (Li2100deplMoO4). We used two Li2100deplMoO4 cubic samples, each of which consisted of 45-millimeter sides and had a mass of 0.28 kg; these samples were produced following the purification and crystallization protocols developed for double-β search experiments with 100Mo-enriched Li2MoO4 crystals. Bolometric Ge detectors were utilized to register the scintillation photons that were emitted by the Li2100deplMoO4 crystal scintillators. The measurements were performed in the CROSS cryogenic set-up at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain). We observed that the Li2100deplMoO4 scintillating bolometers were characterized by an excellent spectrometric performance (∼3–6 keV of FWHM at 0.24–2.6 MeV γs), moderate scintillation signal (∼0.3–0.6 keV/MeV scintillation-to-heat energy ratio, depending on the light collection conditions), and high radiopurity (228Th and 226Ra activities are below a few µBq/kg), which is comparable with the best reported results of low-temperature detectors that are based on Li2MoO4 using natural or 100Mo-enriched molybdenum content. The prospects of Li2100deplMoO4 bolometers for use in rare-event search experiments are briefly discussed.

We have studied the hadronic production of charmed mesons in the NA 32 experiment at CERN. A special trigger together with a high resolution vertex detector consisting of charge coupled devices and silicon microstrip detectors allowed the selection of very clean samples of charmed mesons. We have collected 852 fully reconstructed decays: 60D + →K + K −π+, 543D°→K −π+ andK −π+π−π+ as well as 249D +→K −π+π+ (or charge conjugate). 147 mesons out of our $${{D^0 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{D^0 } {\bar D^0 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\bar D^0 }}$$ sample were produced via chargedD * state. For all charmed mesons we determine the total production cross-section and study thex F andp 2 distributions.

In the CERN NA 32 experiment a high-resolution silicon vertex detector and a purely topological approach have been used to investigate various decays of charmed particles. We observe ∼620 fully reconstructed decays ofD 0 in 12 channels and determine the branching ratios. For fourD 0 decay modes involving a single (unseen) π0 the small and narrowD *+−D 0 mass difference is used to measure their branching ratios. We also observe ∼280 fully reconstructedD + decays in 10 channels, ∼90D s + decays in 11 channels as well as 160Λ s c and 18 decay channels ofD +. For theD s + , we measure the branching fractions within a subset of 16 three- and five-prong decay channels. For theΛ s c , we determine the branching fractions within a sample of 11 three- and five-prong decay channels, nearly all involving a proton.

We present results from the NA32 experiment at CERN on the production characteristics of the charmed baryon Λ+c in 230 GeV π−Cu and K−Cu interactions. A high resolution vertex detector consisting of change-coupled devices and silicon microstrip detectors allowed the selection of a very clean sample of 154 Λ+c → pK−π+ (and charge conjugate) decays. Results on differential and integrated cross sections are given.

Performance tests of some aspects of the CMS ECAL were carried out on modules of the "barrel" sub-system in 2002 and 2003. A brief test with high energy electron beams was made in late 2003 to validate prototypes of the new Very Front End electronics. The final versions of the monitoring and cooling systems, and of the high and low voltage regulation were used in these tests. The results are consistent with the performance targets including those for noise and overall energy resolution, required to fulfil the physics programme of CMS at the LHC.

We present results on a sample of Λc decays obtained in the NA32 experiment in 1985 using charge-coupled devices for vertex reconstruction and a trigger on Λc→pK−π+ (and charge conjugate). We observe a distinct peak at the Λc mass on zero background. The lifetime of the Λc is determined to be (1.4±0.30.5±0.3)x10−13 s based on a sample of 14 events.

The Julia programming language was created 10 years ago and is now a mature and stable language with a large ecosystem including more than 8,000 third-party packages. It was designed for scientific programming to be a high-level and dynamic language as Python is, while achieving runtime performances comparable to C/C++ or even faster. With this, we ask ourselves if the Julia language and its ecosystem is ready now for its adoption by the High Energy Physics community. We will report on a number of investigations and studies of the Julia language that have been done for various representative HEP applications, ranging from computing intensive initial data processing of experimental data and simulation, to final interactive data analysis and plotting. Aspects of collaborative code development of large software within a HEP experiment has also been investigated: scalability with large development teams, continuous integration and code test, code reuse, language interoperability to enable an adiabatic migration of packages and tools, software installation and distribution, training of the community, benefit from development from industry and academia from other fields.

The evaluation of new computing languages for a large community, like HEP, involves comparison of many aspects of the languages’ behaviour, ecosystem and interactions with other languages. In this paper we compare a number of languages using a common, yet non-trivial, HEP algorithm: the anti- k T clustering algorithm used for jet finding. We compare specifically the algorithm implemented in Python (pure Python and accelerated with numpy and numba), and Julia, with respect to the reference implementation in C++, from Fastjet. As well as the speed of the implementation we describe the ergonomics of the language for the coder, as well as the efforts required to achieve the best performance, which can directly impact on code readability and sustainability.

This Report summarizes the proceedings of the 2019 Les Houches workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders. Session 1 dealt with (I) new developments for high precision Standard Model calculations, (II) the sensitivity of parton distribution functions to the experimental inputs, (III) new developments in jet substructure techniques and a detailed examination of gluon fragmentation at the LHC, (IV) issues in the theoretical description of the production of Standard Model Higgs bosons and how to relate experimental measurements, and (V) Monte Carlo event generator studies relating to PDF evolution and comparisons of important processes at the LHC.

We have observed six unambiguous decays of the charmed strange baryon Ξc+ (or charge conjugate Ξc−) in the 230 GeV/c negative pions or kaons on a copper target at the CERN SPS using silicon microstrip detectors and charge-coupled devices for vertex reconstruction. Three of them have been reconstructed through the decay chain Ξc+ →Ξ−π+π+, Ξ− →Λ0π−, Λ0 →pπ− and the other three through the decay chain Ξc+ →Σ+K−π+ →pπ0. We present our measurements of the mass, lifetime and production cross-section of the Ξc+, as well as of the branching ration for the two decay modes.

We present the final result on the measurement of the lifetime of the Λc-baryon from a sample of Λc-decays obtained in the NA32 experiment at the CERN SPS using silicon microstrip detectors and charge-coupled devices for vertex reconstruction. We observe a total of 160 Λc in five different decay modes. A sample of 101 unambiguous decays of Λc→pK−π+ (and charge conjugate) above a background of 7 events is used for the Λc mass and lifetime measurement. The mean Λc lifetime is determined to be 1.96−0.20+0.23×10−13s and the Λc mass to be 2285.8±0.6±1.2 MeV/c2.

We have observed four unambiguous decays of the charmed strange baryon Ξco in the NA32 experiment at CERN. Charge- coupled devices and silicon microstrip detectors were used to reconstruct the decay mode Ξco → pK − K∗ (892)o seen in events produced by the interaction of 230 GeV/c negative poins and kaons on a copper target. We present the first measurement of the lifetime of the Ξco, together with a determination of its mass and production cross section. The resonant components of the Ξco decay are studied. We use our earlier measurement of the mass of the Ξc+ in the determination of the isospin mass splitting of the Ξc states.

For an efficient data taking, the Electromagnetic Calorimeter data of the CMS experiment must be limited to 10% of the full event size (1MB). Other requirements limit the average data size to 2kB per data acquisition link. These conditions imply a reduction factor of close to twenty on the data collected. The data filtering in the readout of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter detector is discussed. Test beam data are used to study the digital filtering applied in the readout channels and a full detector simulation allows to estimate the energy thresholds to achieve the desired data suppression factor.

This Report summarizes the proceedings of the 2017 Les Houches workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders. Session 1 dealt with (I) new developments relevant for high precision Standard Model calculations, (II) theoretical uncertainties and dataset dependence of parton distribution functions, (III) new developments in jet substructure techniques, (IV) issues in the theoretical description of the production of Standard Model Higgs bosons and how to relate experimental measurements, (V) phenomenological studies essential for comparing LHC data from Run II with theoretical predictions and projections for future measurements, and (VI) new developments in Monte Carlo event generators.

In the CERN NA32 experiment a high-resolution silicon vertex detextor and a purely topological approach were used to investigate various decays of charmed particles. Branching ratios of the D0 were determined from about 600 fully reconstructed decay vertices. 84 events had a D0 decay vertex in addition to a fully reconstructed decay of the associated charmed particle. Using these events and the above branching ratios, we have determined branching fractions for 20 channels, including 8 new ones.

In the CERN NA32 experiment a high-resolution silicon vertex detector and a purely topological approach were used to collect 642 events with two or more secondary vertices. They are consistent with double production of charm. Azimuthal angle correlations are studied for D0, D+, Ds+ and Λc+; we also investigate these correlations as a function of the number of leading D mesons.

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) tracker uses complex, programmable embedded electronics for the readout of silicon sensors, for the control of the working point of optical transmitters, for the phase adjustment with respect to the 40-MHz Large Hadron Collider (LHC) clock, and for the monitoring of voltages, currents, and temperatures. To establish reliable low-noise communication with the outside world, the control chain has been designed to operate over a ribbon of digital optical fibers. A small-scale prototype of the control system for the CMS tracker has been recently developed; it is based on a front-end controller unit that distributes, via high-speed digital optical links, both timing signals and slow control data to the clocking and control units where they are fanned out to the front-end electronics. To operate these devices and finally perform the downloading of the settings needed to operate the system, a multilayered software architecture has been developed in such a way that the end user does not need to know any of the details concerning the hardware structure. The parameters relevant to the proper operation of the entire system are stored in an Oracle database; an interface between the slow control software and the database allows one to access and retrieve the values of the parameters that need to be downloaded. This paper describes the components, hardware and software, of the prototype control system developed for the CMS tracker.

A search is performed for the production of a massive W′ boson decaying to a top and a bottom quark. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV. The hadronic decay products of the top quark with high Lorentz boost from the W′ boson decay are detected as a single top flavoured jet. The use of jet substructure algorithms allows the top quark jet to be distinguished from standard model QCD background. Limits on the production cross section of a right-handed W′ boson are obtained, together with constraints on the left-handed and right-handed couplings of the W′ boson to quarks. The production of a right-handed W′ boson with a mass below 2.02 TeV decaying to a hadronic final state is excluded at 95% confidence level. This mass limit increases to 2.15 TeV when both hadronic and leptonic decays are considered, and is the most stringent lower mass limit to date in the tb decay mode.

We present the final results on the measurement of the masses and lifetimes of the mesonsD 0,D + andD s + in the NA32 experiment at the CERN SPS, using silicon microstrip detectors and charge-coupled devices for vertex reconstruction. We measure the following lifetimes: $$\tau _{D^0 } = 3.88 \pm _{0.21}^{0.23} \cdot 10^{ - 13} s$$ using a sample of 479D°→K −π+π−π+ and 162D°→K −π+ decays; $$\tau _{D^ + } = 10.5 \pm _{0.72}^{0.77} \cdot 10^{ - 13} s$$ with a sample of 317D +→K −π+π+ decays; $$\tau _{D_s^ + } = 4.69 \pm _{0.86}^{1.02} \cdot 10^{ - 13} s$$ with a sample of 54D s + →K + K −π+ decays. We measure the following masses:m D 0=1864.6±0.3±1.0 MeV,m D +=1870.0±0.5±1.0 MeV and $$m_{D_s^ + } $$ =1967.0±1.0±1.0 MeV.

In the CERN NA32 experiment a high-resolution silicon vertex detector and a purely topological approach were used to collect 557 events consistent with associated charm production, both decay vertices being observed. The pseudorapidity gap distribution appears to be nearly independent of the nature of the charmed hadrons. This distribution is reasonably consistent with the next-to-leading order QCD calculations. However the azimuthal-angle distribution is significantly broader than the above predictions.

We present the activities of the 'New Physics' working group for the 'Physics at TeV Colliders' workshop (Les Houches, France, 1-19 June, 2015). Our report includes new physics studies connected with the Higgs boson and its properties, direct search strategies, reinterpretation of the LHC results in the building of viable models and new computational tool developments. Important signatures for searches for natural new physics at the LHC and new assessments of the interplay between direct dark matter searches and the LHC are also considered.

We study the polarization with respect to the normal to the production plane for a very clean sample of 27217 Λ0/Λ0 hyperons produced in 230 GeV/c π−Cu interactions. In general we find P(Λ0) ≈ P(Λ0 ap; 0 except for xF > 0, pT > 1GeV/c where P (Λ0) = −0.28±0.09(stat.)±0.02(syst.).

We have measured the lifetimes of hadronically produced charged and neutralD mesons using silicon microstrip detectors and an active silicon target in the NA32 spectrometer at the CERN SPS. We obtainτ D± = (10.9± 1.5 1.9 )·10−13s andτ (−)10 = (4.2±0.5)·10−13s based on 59 and 90 fully reconstructed decays respectively, giving a ratioτ D±/τ (−)10 of 2.6 ±0.5.

An analysis description language is a domain specific language capable of describing the contents of an LHC analysis in a standard and unambiguous way, independent of any computing framework.It is designed for use by anyone with an interest in, and knowledge of, LHC physics, i.e., experimentalists, phenomenologists and other enthusiasts.Adopting analysis description languages would bring numerous benefits for the LHC experimental and phenomenological communities ranging from analysis preservation beyond the lifetimes of experiments or analysis software to facilitating the abstraction, design, visualization, validation, combination, reproduction, interpretation and overall communication of the analysis contents.Here, we introduce the analysis description language concept and summarize the current efforts ongoing to develop such languages and tools to use them in LHC analyses.

The evaluation of new computing languages for a large community, like HEP, involves comparison of many aspects of the languages' behaviour, ecosystem and interactions with other languages. In this paper we compare a number of languages using a common, yet non-trivial, HEP algorithm: the \akt\ clustering algorithm used for jet finding. We compare specifically the algorithm implemented in Python (pure Python and accelerated with numpy and numba), and Julia, with respect to the reference implementation in C++, from Fastjet. As well as the speed of the implementation we describe the ergonomics of the language for the coder, as well as the efforts required to achieve the best performance, which can directly impact on code readability and sustainability.

Using data from the NA32 experiment at CERN we have studied the Λ+c decays containing a Σ+ among the decay products. The interactions of 230 GeV π− with a Cu target were analysed using a precise vertex telescope (charge-coupled devices and silicon microstrip detectors) and the ACCMOR spectrometer. We have found eleven Λ+c→Σ+π+π−, one Λ+c→Σ+K+K−, two Λ+c→Σ+K+π− and one Λ+c→Σ+π+π−π+π− decays practically without any backgroun d. We have measured the branching ratios with respect to the Λ+c→pK−π+ channel.

The construction of the LHC experiments’ control systems will require the integration of a wide range of COTS (Component Of The Shelf) and custom components: hardware such as instruments, controllers, fieldbuses and sensors as well as applications, for example, for operator control and visualization or for subsystems supervision. This integration may require a non-negligible effort if standard interfaces or integration mechanisms are not applied. OLE for Process Control (OPC) is a recently defined set of interfaces designed to allow Windows applications to access control data. OPC is based on Microsoft DCOM and is developed by the OPC foundation [1]. This paper presents the result of an evaluation done in the context of the Joint Controls Project (JCOP) [2]. The aim of this evaluation was to study the usability of OPC for the detector control of the LHC experiments. In particular it presents the benefit and limitations of the specifications, the availability of OPC compliant COTS and the usability of OPC development kits to develop applications accessing custom devices or non-Windows platforms.

The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will provide unprecedented instantaneous and integrated luminosity. The lead tungstate crystals forming the barrel part of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) will still perform well, even after the expected 3000 fb−1 at the end of HL-LHC. The scintillation light from the crystals is measured with avalanche photodiodes (APDs). Although the APDs will continue to be operational, there will be some increase in noise due to radiation-induced dark-currents. Triggering on electromagnetic objects with ~140 pileup events necessitates a change of the front-end electronics. New developments in high-speed optical links will allow single-crystal readout at 40 MHz to upgraded off-detector processors, allowing maximum flexibility and enhanced triggering possibilities. The very-front- end system will also be upgraded, to provide improved rejection of anomalous signals in the APDs as well as to mitigate the increase in APD noise. We are also considering lowering the ECAL barrel operating temperature from 18°C to about 8 ~10°C, in order to increase the scintillation light output and reduce the APD dark current.

We present results on the commissioning and performance of the CMS electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC. The first LHC beams have been used to finalize the commissioning of the readouts and triggers. The calibrations and synchronisations of the calorimeters using cosmic muons, beam splash events (where the LHC beam is targeted on upstream collimators), and collision data including reconstructed physics objects are presented. The quality of the offline data reconstruction, from low level quantities to showers, has been investigated and optimised using known physics processes. In-situ data and thorough data/MC comparisons have been used to measure and tune the detector performance. First performance results are given.

HomeStrokeVol. 22, No. 3Bilateral loss of vision in bright light. Free AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessAbstractPDF/EPUBBilateral loss of vision in bright light. M Giroud, P Gras, R Dumas and F Becker M GiroudM Giroud Search for more papers by this author , P GrasP Gras Search for more papers by this author , R DumasR Dumas Search for more papers by this author and F BeckerF Becker Search for more papers by this author Originally published1 Mar 1991https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.22.3.415Stroke. 1991;22:415–416"Bilateral loss of vision in bright light.." Stroke, 22(3), pp. 415–416 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Tsai J, Ramanan B, Modrall J, Hurd P and Tsai S (2020) Light-Induced Amaurosis—A Case Report and Brief Literature Review, Annals of Vascular Surgery, 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.01.096, 66, (671.e1-671.e4), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2020. Kaiboriboon K, Piriyawat P and Selhorst J (2001) Light-induced amaurosis fugax, American Journal of Ophthalmology, 10.1016/S0002-9394(00)00874-6, 131:5, (674-676), Online publication date: 1-May-2001. Sempere A, Duarte J, Coria F and Claveria L (1992) Loss of vision induced by the color white: a sign of carotid occlusive disease., Stroke, 10.1161/str.23.8.1179a, 23:8, (1179-1179), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1992. Yonas H and Durham S (1992) Technology used to assess vasomotor reactivity affects results., Stroke, 10.1161/str.23.8.1179b, 23:8, (1179-1180), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1992. March 1991Vol 22, Issue 3 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics Copyright © 1991 by American Heart Associationhttps://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.22.3.415 Originally publishedMarch 1, 1991 PDF download Advertisement

This document reports the first year of activity of the VBSCan COST Action network, as summarised by the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Thessaloniki 2018 workshop. The VBSCan COST action is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

Abstract In the past few years, attention has been drawn to the fact that a precision analysis of two-neutrino double beta decay (2 υββ ) allows the study of interesting physics cases like the emission of Majoron bosons and possible Lorentz symmetry violation. These processes modify the summed-energy distribution of the two electrons emitted in 2 υββ . CUPID is a next-generation experiment aiming to exploit 100 Mo-enriched scintillating Li 2 MoO 4 crystals, operating as cryogenic calorimeters. Given the relatively fast half-life of 100 Mo 2 υββ and the large exposure that can be reached by CUPID, we expect to measure with very high precision the 100 Mo 2 υββ spectrum shape, reaching great sensitivities in the search for distortions induced by the physics beyond the Standard Model. In this contribution, we present the CUPID exclusion sensitivity for such New Physics processes, as well as the preliminary projected background of CUPID.

Over the past years there has been an increase in the assessment of eye lens doses in interventional radiology procedures. This is due to the new recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP-2012 Publication 118) that proposes to reduce equivalent dose limit for the eye lens. The aim of this study is to make estimates of equivalent dose received by eye lens of the medical staff in interventional neuroradiology procedures. Consequently, this study presents an alternative for eye lens dosimetry. For this purpose nanoDot dosimeters based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technology from Landauer Inc. product were used. The measurements obtained for equivalent dose received by medical staff of neuroradiology were on average, lower than the new equivalent dose limit for the eye lens proposed by ICRP.

A search for massive resonances decaying to a Z boson and a photon is performed in events with a hadronically decaying Z boson candidate, separately in light-quark and b quark decay modes, identified using jet substructure and advanced b tagging techniques. Results are based on samples of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at center-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 2.7 inverse femtobarns, respectively. The results of the search are combined with those of a similar search in the leptonic decay modes of the Z boson, based on the same data sets. Spin-0 resonances with various widths and with masses in a range between 0.2 and 3.0 TeV are considered. No significant excess is observed either in the individual analyses or the combination. The results are presented in terms of upper limits on the production cross section of such resonances and constitute the most stringent limits to date for a wide range of masses.

The inelastic hadronic cross section in proton-lead collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV is measured with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 12.6 +/- 0.4 inverse nanobarns, has been collected with an unbiased trigger for inclusive particle production. The cross section is obtained from the measured number of proton-lead collisions with hadronic activity produced in the pseudorapidity ranges 3<abs(eta)<5 and/or -5<abs(eta)<-3, corrected for photon-induced contributions, experimental acceptance, and other instrumental effects. The inelastic cross section is measured to be sigma[inel,pPb]=2061 +/- 3 (stat) +/- 34 (syst) +/- 72 (lum) mb. Various Monte Carlo generators, commonly used in heavy ion and cosmic ray physics, are found to reproduce the data within uncertainties. The value of sigma[inel,pPb] is compatible with that expected from the proton-proton cross section at 5.02 TeV scaled up within a simple Glauber approach to account for multiple scatterings in the lead nucleus, indicating that further net nuclear corrections are small.

The four LHC experiments at CERN have decided to use a commercial SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) product for the supervision of their DCS (Detector Control System). The selected SCADA, which is used for the CMS DCS, is PVSS II from the company ETM. This SCADA has its own database, which is suitable for storing conventional controls data such as voltages, temperatures and pressures. In addition, calibration data and FE (Front-End) electronics configuration need to be stored. The amount of these data is too large to be stored in the SCADA database [1]. Therefore an external database will be used for managing such data. However, this database should be completely integrated into the SCADA framework, it should be accessible from the SCADA and the SCADA features, e.g. alarming, logging should be benefited from. For prototyping, Oracle 8i was selected as the external database manager. The development of the control system for calibration constants and FE electronics configuration has been done in close collaboration with the CMS tracker group and JCOP (Joint COntrols Project).

On March 30th, 2010, the CMS experiment at the LHC saw the first p-p collisions at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy.The calorimeter system of the CMS detector is made of a high precision homogeneous electromagnetic calorimeter covering the pseudorapidity acceptance |η| < 3 and a sampling hadronic calorimeter covering the acceptance downto |η| = 5.2.The design resolution is 0.5% at higher energy for the electromagnetic calorimeter and 100%/ √ E ⊕ 5% for the hadronic one.Precalibration of the calorimeters allowed starting in excellent conditions, with very good performance, and a good understanding of the detector showed by an accurate prediction of its reponse from the Monte-Carlo simulation.

In the CERN NA32 experiment a high-resolution silicon vertex detector and a purely topological approach were used to collect a clean sample of λ+c decays into pK−π+ with or without additional neutral particles. We study the subresonant structure of the λc+ peak obtaining BR(λc+ → pK∗0(892)) = 0.35−0.07+0.06±0.03 with respect to the total λc+ → pK−π+ decay. We also determine branching ratios for some channels with neutral decay products, namely BR(λc+ → pK−π+π0) = 0.73±0.12±0.05 and BR(λc+ → pK−π+π0π0 = 0.16±0.07±0.03, again with respect to the total λc+ → pK−π+ decay.

A measurement of the ttbar production cross section at sqrt(s)=13 TeV is presented using proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Final states with one isolated charged lepton (electron or muon) and at least one jet are selected and categorized according to the accompanying jet multiplicity. From a likelihood fit to the invariant mass distribution of the isolated lepton and a jet identified as coming from the hadronization of a bottom quark, the cross section is measured to be sigma(ttbar)= 835 +/- 3 (stat) +/- 23 (syst) +/- 23 (lum) pb, in agreement with the standard model prediction. Using the expected dependence of the cross section on the pole mass of the top quark (m[t]), the value of m[t] is found to be 172.7+2.4-2.7 GeV.

The study of the associated production of vector bosons and jets constitutes an excellent environment to check numerous QCD predictions. Total and differential cross sections of vector bosons produced in association with jets have been studied in pp collisions using CMS data. Differential distributions as a function of a broad range of kinematical observables are measured and compared with theoretical predictions. In this talk, studies of associated production of vector bosons with inclusive jets and with jets originating from heavy-flavour quarks will be summarized.

The study of the associated production of vector bosons and jets constitutes an excellent environment to check numerous QCD predictions.Total and differential cross sections of vector bosons produced in association with jets have been studied in pp collisions using CMS data.Differential distributions as a function of a broad range of kinematical observables are measured and compared with theoretical predictions.In this talk, studies of associated production of vector bosons with inclusive jets and with jets originating from heavy-flavour quarks will be summarized.

The electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS experiment at CERN is an homogeneous calorimeter made of about 80000 Lead Tungstate crystals, that will start to operate at the LHC at the end of 2007. From June to November 2006, ten barrel Supermodules (1700 crystals each) were exposed to beam at CERN SPS, both in standalone and in association with portions of the Hadron Calorimeter. We present the description of the system used to configure and readout the calorimeter during the campaign. The full set of final readout electronics boards was employed, together with the pre-series version of the data acquisition software. During the campaign, the hardware and software concepts for the final system were validated. The system allowed the intercalibration of the ten Supermodules and allowed to perform several important studies of the detector performances, such as energy resolution, response linearity and radiation-hardness.

This document summarises the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Split17 workshop, the first general meeting of the VBSCan COST Action network. This collaboration is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

This Report summarizes the proceedings of the 2017 Les Houches workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders. Session 1 dealt with (I) new developments relevant for high precision Standard Model calculations, (II) theoretical uncertainties and dataset dependence of parton distribution functions, (III) new developments in jet substructure techniques, (IV) issues in the theoretical description of the production of Standard Model Higgs bosons and how to relate experimental measurements, (V) phenomenological studies essential for comparing LHC data from Run II with theoretical predictions and projections for future measurements, and (VI) new developments in Monte Carlo event generators.

This Report summarizes the proceedings of the 2017 Les Houches workshop on Physics at TeV Colliders. Session 1 dealt with (I) new developments relevant for high precision Standard Model calculations, (II) theoretical uncertainties and dataset dependence of parton distribution functions, (III) new developments in jet substructure techniques, (IV) issues in the theoretical description of the production of Standard Model Higgs bosons and how to relate experimental measurements, (V) phenomenological studies essential for comparing LHC data from Run II with theoretical predictions and projections for future measurements, and (VI) new developments in Monte Carlo event generators.

Le Siècle des lumières, qui consacre l'ouverture des élites européennes à la modernité scientifique, est aussi celui qui pousse les mêmes sociétés vers les sommets et les glaciers des montagnes.Objet de fascination et non plus de crainte, la montagne apparaît, à la suite de Rousseau et Senancour, dans toute sa majesté, à la fois vierge, mystérieuse, repliée sur elle-même et porteuse d'un message d'universalité.Après avoir longtemps suscité peur et préjugés depuis l'Antiquité, la montagne est devenue au XVIII e siècle un territoire de conquête et de découverte générant toute une mythologie et un imaginaire qui vont modifier le rapport des sociétés européennes avec le milieu des sommets.Le Congrès national des sociétés historiques et scientifiques rassemble chaque année universitaires, membres de sociétés savantes et jeunes chercheurs.Ce recueil est issu de travaux présentés lors du 142 e Congrès sur le thème « Circulations montagnardes, circulations européennes ».

An analysis description language is a domain specific language capable of describing the contents of an LHC analysis in a standard and unambiguous way, independent of any computing framework. It is designed for use by anyone with an interest in, and knowledge of, LHC physics, i.e., experimentalists, phenomenologists and other enthusiasts. Adopting analysis description languages would bring numerous benefits for the LHC experimental and phenomenological communities ranging from analysis preservation beyond the lifetimes of experiments or analysis software to facilitating the abstraction, design, visualization, validation, combination, reproduction, interpretation and overall communication of the analysis contents. Here, we introduce the analysis description language concept and summarize the current efforts ongoing to develop such languages and tools to use them in LHC analyses.

This document reports the first year of activity of the VBSCan COST Action network, as summarised by the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Thessaloniki 2018 workshop. The VBSCan COST action is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum.We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future.We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data.

We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum.We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future.We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data.

We report on the status of efforts to improve the reinterpretation of searches and measurements at the LHC in terms of models for new physics, in the context of the LHC Reinterpretation Forum.We detail current experimental offerings in direct searches for new particles, measurements, technical implementations and Open Data, and provide a set of recommendations for further improving the presentation of LHC results in order to better enable reinterpretation in the future.We also provide a brief description of existing software reinterpretation frameworks and recent global analyses of new physics that make use of the current data.

An analysis description language is a domain specific language capable of describing the contents of an LHC analysis in a standard and unambiguous way, independent of any computing framework. It is designed for use by anyone with an interest in, and knowledge of, LHC physics, i.e., experimentalists, phenomenologists and other enthusiasts. Adopting analysis description languages would bring numerous benefits for the LHC experimental and phenomenological communities ranging from analysis preservation beyond the lifetimes of experiments or analysis software to facilitating the abstraction, design, visualization, validation, combination, reproduction, interpretation and overall communication of the analysis contents. Here, we introduce the analysis description language concept and summarize the current efforts ongoing to develop such languages and tools to use them in LHC analyses.

This document reports the first year of activity of the VBSCan COST Action network, as summarised by the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Thessaloniki 2018 workshop. The VBSCan COST action is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

This document reports the first year of activity of the VBSCan COST Action network, as summarised by the talks and discussions happened during the VBSCan Thessaloniki 2018 workshop. The VBSCan COST action is aiming at a consistent and coordinated study of vector-boson scattering from the phenomenological and experimental point of view, for the best exploitation of the data that will be delivered by existing and future particle colliders.

Aspects du soutien aérien dans la bataille de Diên Biên Phû La bataille de Diên Biên Phû est pour l’aviation de transport un fardeau, qu’elle va devoir assumer durant les cinquante-quatre jours des combats. La situation géographique du GONO à 300 km des bases aériennes du Tonkin impose à l’armée de l’Air des cadences soutenues de ravitaillement, qui vont devenir intenables après la perte de la piste d’atterrissage. Le ravitaillement par air du camp retranché sera alors une lutte contre l’asphyxie dans des conditions de plus en plus difficiles (rétrécissement des périmètres de largage, opérations de nuit, DCA viêt-minh, épuisement des équipages).

The Battle of Di?n Bi?n Ph? was a burden for air transport that it had to bear throughout the fifty-four days of combat. The site of GONO camp, 300 kilometers from the airfields of Tonkin, strained the supply services of the French Air Force, and the problems became unbearable after the loss of the runway. The supply of food and ammunition by air became a struggle for survival in increasingly difficult conditions (the shrinkage of the dropping zone, missions by night, the Viet-Minh artillery, and the exhaustion of the crews).

The Muon.bin file contains in a binary data little-endian format the dataset from Ref [1]. This dataset contains about 60 millon data events from the CMS detector taken in 2012 during Run B and C. The file format is described in the companion file Muon.txt. [1] Wunsch, Stefan; (2019). DoubleMuParked dataset from 2012 in NanoAOD format reduced on muons. CERN Open Data Portal. DOI:10.7483/OPENDATA.CMS.LVG5.QT81

The Muon.bin file contains in a binary data little-endian format the dataset from Ref [1]. This dataset contains about 60 millon data events from the CMS detector taken in 2012 during Run B and C. The file format is described in the companion file Muon.txt. [1] Wunsch, Stefan; (2019). DoubleMuParked dataset from 2012 in NanoAOD format reduced on muons. CERN Open Data Portal. DOI:10.7483/OPENDATA.CMS.LVG5.QT81

The four LHC experiments at CERN have decided to use a commercial SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) product for the supervision of their DCS (Detector Control System). The selected SCADA, which is therefore used for the CMS DCS, is PVSS II from the company ETM. This SCADA has its own database, which is suitable for storing conventional controls data such as voltages, temperatures and pressures. In addition, calibration data and FE (Front-End) electronics configuration need to be stored. The amount of these data is too large to be stored in the SCADA database [1]. Therefore an external database will be used for managing such data. However, this database should be completely integrated into the SCADA framework, it should be accessible from the SCADA and the SCADA features, e.g. alarming, logging should be benefited from. For prototyping, Oracle 8i was selected as the external database manager. The development of the control system for calibration constants and FE electronics configuration has been done in close collaboration with the CMS tracker group and JCOP (Joint COntrols Project)(1). (1)The four LHC experiments and the CERN IT/CO group has merged their efforts to build the experiments controls systems and set up the JCOP at the end of December, 1997 for this purpose.