Markus Seidel

Abstract The Dynamic Aperture is an important concept for the study of non-linear beam dynamics in a circular accelerator. The DA is defined as the extent of the phase-space region in which the particle’s motion remains bounded over a finite number of turns. Such a region is shaped by the imperfections in the magnetic fields, beam-beam effects, electron lens, electron clouds, and other non-linear effects. The study of the DA provides insight into the mechanisms driving the time evolution of beam losses, which is essential for the operation of existing circular accelerators, such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider, as well as for the design of future ones. The standard approach to numerical evaluation of the DA relies on the ability to accurately track initial conditions, distributed in phase space, on a realistic time scale, and this is computationally demanding. To accelerate the angular DA calculation, we propose the use of a Machine Learning technique for the angular DA regression based on simulated HL-LHC data. We demonstrate the implementation of a Deep Neural Network model by measuring the time and assessing the performance of the angular DA regressor, as well as carrying out studies with various hardware architectures including CPU, GPU, and TPU.

Results on J/ψ production in ep interactions in the H1 experiment at HERA are presented. The J/ψ mesons are produced by almost real photons (Q2 ≈ 0) and detected via their leptonic decays. The data have been taken in 1994 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.7 pb−1. The γp cross section for elastic J/ψ production is observed to increase strongly with the center of mass energy. The cross section for diffractive J/ψ production with proton dissociation is found to be of similar magnitude as the elastic cross section. Distributions of transverse momentum and decay angle are studied and found to be in accord with a diffractive production mechanism. For inelastic J/ψ production the total γp cross section, the distribution of transverse momenta, and the elasticity of the J/ψ are compared to NLO QCD calculations in a colour singlet model and agreement is found. Diffractive ψ′ production has been observed and a first estimate of the ratio to J/ψ production in the HERA energy regime is given.

An operator on an $l^{p}$-space is called band-dominated if it can be approximated, in the operator norm, by operators with a banded matrix representation. It is known that a rich band-dominated operator is $\mathcal{P}$-Fredholm (which is a generalization of the classical Fredholm property) if and only if all of its so-called limit operators are invertible and their inverses are uniformly bounded. We show that the condition on uniform boundedness is redundant in this statement.

This paper presents the Fredholm theory on l^p-spaces for band-dominated operators and important subclasses, such as operators in the Wiener algebra. It particularly closes several gaps in the previously known results for the case p=\infty and addresses the open questions raised in a paper by Chandler-Wilde and Lindner. The main tools are provided by the limit operator method and an algebraic framework for the description and adaption of Fredholmness and convergence. A comprehensive overview of this approach is given.

Abstract Crustal extension in the overriding plate at the Aegean subduction zone, related to the rollback of the subducting African slab in the Miocene, resulted in a detachment fault separating high‐pressure/low‐temperature (HP‐LT) metamorphic lower from non‐metamorphic upper tectonic units on Crete. In western Crete, detachment faulting at deeper crustal levels was accompanied by structural disintegration of the hangingwall leading to the formation of half‐graben‐type sedimentary basins filled by alluvial fan and fan‐delta deposits. The coarse‐grained clastic sediments in these half‐grabens are exclusively derived from the non‐metamorphic units atop the detachment fault. Being in direct tectonic contact with HP‐LT metamorphic rocks of the lower tectonic units today, the basins must have formed in the period between c. 20 and 15 Ma, prior to the exposure of the HP‐LT metamorphic rocks at the surface, and juxtaposed with the latter during ongoing deformation.

Markus Seidel provides a detailed critique of epistemic relativism in the sociology of scientific knowledge. In addition to scrutinizing the main arguments for epistemic relativism he provides an abso

The automotive industry has reached a mature state, as is evidenced by its growth and by the nature of competition (cost, speed, variants, a rush into a few growing regions and segments), and industry consolidation. In parallel, technical progress continues to be dynamic. In this paper, we examine how the automotive industry might evolve in the long term. In the foreseeable future, current trends will likely continue toward a highly competitive consumer products industry, with increasing features driven by electronics. In this base scenario the “autobahn” will merge with the “infobahn”, accompanied by possible market entry by software or electronics players, and a battle for dominance over the technology platform (which will have to be shared across car makers). Car makers will have to seek avenues for differentiation, for which we see three fundamental new business opportunities: The tailored car: Driven by production technology enablers, cars will be custom-made, not only by mixing and matching standard components, but by actually customizing the shape and style of components. And this at prices comparable to those of today. Brand Worlds: Car manufacturers extend their brands to other consumer product categories, attempting to “immerse” consumers in a “total brand experience” that includes, among others, financial, lifestyle, entertainment, and communication products. Multiple Transportation Modes: Cars will extend other modes of individual transportation, such as water (boat-car), air (flying car), etc. This would imply entering other industries and creating new variants of those industries. We offer a framework for proposing those scenarios. For each, we discuss technology drivers, current early indicators, economics, and supply chain implications (such as industry complexity). We conclude by evaluating the need for managers today to pursue not only the (inevitable) base case but also one or several of the three opportunities.

We report on new barriers in the theory of computations. These barriers show that the standard theory of computations and complexity theory is insufficient for many core problems in computational theory. Thus we are in need for a new extended complexity theory. The new theory settles the long-standing computational spectral problem and also provides new fundamental algorithms for quantum mechanics. On met en evidence de nouvelles barrières en théorie du calcul. Ces barrières montrent que la théorie standard du calcul et, en particulier, la théorie de la complexité ne résolvent pas de nombreux problèmes de base de la théorie du calcul. On se trouve face à la nécessité d'une extension de la théorie de la complexité. Cette nouvelle théorie conduit à la résolution d'un problème ancien concernant le calcul spectral. Elle conduit aussi à l'élaboration de nouveaux algorithmes fondamentaux utiles en mécanique quantique.

An operator A on an l p -space is called band-dominated if it can be approximated, in the operator norm, by operators with a banded matrix representation. The coset of A in the Calkin algebra determines, for example, the Fredholmness of A , the Fredholm index, the essential spectrum, the essential norm and the so-called essential pseudospectrum of A . This coset can be identified with the collection of all so-called limit operators of A . It is known that this identification preserves invertibility (hence spectra). We now show that it also preserves norms and in particular resolvent norms (hence pseudospectra). In fact we work with a generalization of the ideal of compact operators, so-called P -compact operators, allowing for a more flexible framework that naturally extends to l p -spaces with p ∈ { 1 , ∞ } and/or vector-valued l p -spaces.

This chapter discusses whether the appropriation of Kuhnian thoughts by the so-called Strong Programme in the sociology of scientific knowledge is appropriate. In order to answer the question of appropriate appropriation, Kuhn’s and the Strong Programme’s stances on two “isms” are compared: relativism and naturalism. It is shown that the Strong Programme clearly goes beyond Kuhn and breaks more radically with philosophical tradition. Nevertheless, there are also philosophical continuities and similarities.

Abstract FCC-ee performance is challenged by magnetic errors and imperfections. Magnetic design simulations predict a systematic quadrupolar component in the arc dipoles significantly impacting the machine optics. This paper studies the impact of this component in the beta-beating and explores potential mitigations.

Abstract The Parton Branching (PB) method describes the evolution of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions, covering all kinematic regions from small to large transverse momenta $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . The small $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> -region is very sensitive both to the contribution of the intrinsic motion of partons (intrinsic $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) and to the resummation of soft gluons taken into account by the PB TMD evolution equations. We study the role of soft-gluon emissions in TMD as well as integrated parton distributions. We perform a detailed investigation of the PB TMD methodology at next-to-leading order (NLO) in Drell–Yan (DY) production for low transverse momenta. We present the extraction of the nonperturbative “intrinsic- $$k_{\textrm{T}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>T</mml:mtext> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ” distribution from recent measurements of DY transverse momentum distributions at the LHC across a wide range in DY masses, including a detailed treatment of statistical, correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties. We comment on the (in)dependence of intrinsic transverse momentum on DY mass and center-of-mass energy, and on the comparison with other approaches.

Chapter 5 Erweiterte Konzepte der Betriebsfestigkeit Markus Knobloch, Markus KnoblochSearch for more papers by this authorStefanie Röscher, Stefanie RöscherSearch for more papers by this authorSimon Steinhoff, Simon SteinhoffSearch for more papers by this authorMarc Seidel, Marc SeidelSearch for more papers by this authorMarion Rauch, Marion RauchSearch for more papers by this author Markus Knobloch, Markus KnoblochSearch for more papers by this authorStefanie Röscher, Stefanie RöscherSearch for more papers by this authorSimon Steinhoff, Simon SteinhoffSearch for more papers by this authorMarc Seidel, Marc SeidelSearch for more papers by this authorMarion Rauch, Marion RauchSearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrike Kuhlmann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrike KuhlmannSearch for more papers by this author Book Author(s):Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrike Kuhlmann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrike KuhlmannSearch for more papers by this author First published: 20 March 2024 https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433611722.ch5 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Zusammenfassung Neben den im Stahlbau traditionell angewendeten Konzepten der Betriebsfestigkeit kommen zunehmend erweiterte Methoden zum Einsatz. Hierzu tragen nicht zuletzt das Kerbspannungs-, Kerbdehnungs- und Rissfortschrittskonzept bei, da deren Umsetzung in numerischen Simulationsmodellen vermehrt auch der Ingenieurpraxis zur Verfügung steht. Der vorliegende Beitrag thematisiert die Hintergründe und die Anwendung dieser Konzepte der Betriebsfestigkeit. Nach einem Überblick über die wesentlichen Grundlagen der Betriebsfestigkeit folgt eine Einführung zu spannungsbasierten Nachweiskonzepten zur Lebensdauerprognose mit dem Fokus auf dem Kerbspannungskonzept. Anschließend werden das Kerbdehnungs- und Rissfortschrittskonzept sowie deren Verknüpfung im Zwei-Phasen-Modell erläutert. Ergänzend werden Anmerkungen zur Berücksichtigung mehraxialer Spannungszustände im Betriebsfestigkeitsnachweis gegeben. Abschließend wird anhand von drei Beispielen die Anwendung der genannten Konzepte verdeutlicht. Literatur Euler , M. ; Rauch , M. , Knobloch , M. , Kuhlmann , U. ; Sidorov , E. , Röscher , S. Gölz , L.-M. ( 2023 ) Neue Entwicklungen in prEN 1993-1-9:2022 in: U. Kuhlmann [Hrsg.] Stahlbau-Kalender 2023: Werkstoffe, Verbindungen . Berlin : Ernst & Sohn , S. 473 – 600 . 10.1002/9783433611302.ch6 Google Scholar Neuber , H. ( 1958 ) Kerbspannungslehre . Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg . 10.1007/978-3-642-53069-2 Google Scholar Neuber , H. ( 1968 ) Über die Berücksichtigung der Spannungskonzentration bei Festigkeitsberechnungen . Konstruktion 20 , H. 7 , S. 245 – 251 . Google Scholar Fiedler , M. et al. 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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Neurofibromatose Typ 1 (NF1) präsentiert sich bereits im Kindesalter mit einer Vielzahl potenzieller Symptome. Neben der Entstehung von Tumoren, insbesondere im Bereich des Nervensystems, rücken besonders orthopädische, neurokognitive/schulische und psychosoziale Aspekte in den Fokus. Zielsetzung In Österreich fehlten bisher klare Leitlinien für die Betreuung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit NF1. Die Entwicklung eines Vorsorgebogens soll ein einheitliches Vorgehen ermöglichen. Methodik Das im Jahr 2021 etablierte österreichische NF Netzwerk, bestehend aus Expert:innen und Mitgliedern der Patientenorganisation NF Kinder, erzielte durch wiederholte Diskussionsrunden einen Konsens bezüglich der optimalen Vorsorge für Kinder und Jugendliche mit NF1. Der Vorsorgebogen richtet sich an Gesundheitspersonal, das Menschen mit NF1 betreut. Ergebnisse Der pädiatrische Vorsorgebogen ist in die Bereiche Klinik/Labor/Radiologie und Konsil gegliedert. Er zeigt auf, wann und welche Untersuchungen oder Kontrollen als sinnvoll erachtet bzw. empfohlen werden. Schlussfolgerung Die Entwicklung dieses Vorsorgebogens stellt einen bedeutenden Schritt in der Standardisierung der Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit NF1 in Österreich dar. Durch die einfache Strukturierung und praxisorientierte Empfehlungen sollen eine effektivere Betreuung und Früherkennung von relevanten Gesundheitsaspekten ermöglicht werden.

more than 30 students joined the Special Remote DESY Summer School to work on projects of importance for the LHC experiments.In a dedicated initiative, analyses that had not been incorporated into the Rivet package were implemented and verified.Here, a brief description of the accomplished work is given, and a comparison of the measurements with predictions obtained from matched standard parton shower Monte Carlo event generators as well as with those obtained from Parton Branching TMDs with corresponding parton showers are presented.

During the last decades it turned out to be fruitful to apply certain Banach algebra techniques in the theory of approximation of operators by matrix sequences.Here we discuss the case of operator sequences (acting on infinite dimensional Banach spaces and which do not necessarily converge strongly) and we derive analogous results concerning the stability and Fredholm properties of such sequences.For this, the notions of P -Fredholmness and P -strong convergence play an important role and are extensively studied.As an application we consider the finite sections of band-dominated operators on l p -spaces, including the cases p ∈ {1,∞} .

In this paper, I argue that many arguments from expert opinion are strong arguments. Therefore, in many cases it is rational to rely on experts since in many cases the fact that an expert says that p makes it highly likely that p is true. I will defend this claim by providing 5 arguments that illuminate and elaborate on 5 crucial claims about expertise. In this way, I aim to undermine recent attempts to establish a rampant scepticism about arguments from expert opinion.

In two recent papers in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Howard Sankey has argued that there is an intimate relationship between Pyrrhonian skepticism and recent approaches to epistemic relativism. Though the general argument and idea of Sankey’s papers is very much appreciated, it is argued that the epistemic relativist’s recourse to the skeptical strategy outlined by the Pyrrhonian is not a good one. This diagnosis gives rise to an objection against the epistemic relativist who argues on the basis of the skeptical strategy that differs from Sankey’s naturalistic response. Furthermore, it can be shown that what is really at stake between epistemic relativism and epistemic absolutism is the question of which criteria there are for variation of epistemic norms and epistemic systems.

This paper establishes some of the fundamental barriers in the theory of computations and finally settles the long-standing computational spectral problem. That is to determine the existence of algorithms that can compute spectra $\mathrm{sp}(A)$ of classes of bounded operators $A = \{a_{ij}\}_{i,j \in \mathbb{N}} \in \mathcal{B}(l^2(\mathbb{N}))$, given the matrix elements $\{a_{ij}\}_{i,j \in \mathbb{N}}$, that are sharp in the sense that they achieve the boundary of what a digital computer can achieve. Similarly, for a Schrödinger operator $H = -Δ+V$, determine the existence of algorithms that can compute the spectrum $\mathrm{sp}(H)$ given point samples of the potential function $V$. In order to solve these problems, we establish the Solvability Complexity Index (SCI) hierarchy and provide a collection of new algorithms that allow for problems that were previously out of reach. The SCI is the smallest number of limits needed in the computation, yielding a classification hierarchy for all types of problems in computational mathematics that determines the boundaries of what computers can achieve in scientific computing. In addition, the SCI hierarchy provides classifications of computational problems that can be used in computer-assisted proofs. The SCI hierarchy captures many key computational issues in the history of mathematics including the insolvability of the quintic, Smale's problem on the existence of iterative generally convergent algorithm for polynomial root finding, the computational spectral problem, inverse problems, optimisation etc.

Small iron deposits at Kakopetros and Ravdoucha in western Crete are hosted by an extensional detachment zone at the roof of the high-pressure–low-temperature metamorphic core complex known as the Phyllite-Quartzite unit. The iron oxides occur in a brecciated layer of phyllite, quartzite, and marble up to tens of meters thick. They fill fractures and vugs in the breccia and partly impregnate the marble. The iron oxides, which were formerly mined in open pits, are predominantly composed of goethite and subordinate oxyhydroxides of the manganomelane group. The field relationships and microstructures indicate that precipitation of the iron-oxide minerals was related to fluid flow focussed along the detachment fault. δ 18 O values of goethite indicate crystallization at low temperatures (31°–40°C) and at a shallow depth of about 1 km. Microscopic investigations show that the deposition of iron oxides was syntectonic and occurred during deformation in the uppermost crust. Similar iron oxides are reported from low-angle brittle detachment horizons in the Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes of North America and suggest that small iron- and manganese-oxide deposits of this type may be a characteristic feature of detachment zones.

We discuss the asymptotic behavior of matrix sequences belonging to a special class of non-commutative Banach algebras and study, in particular, the stability, and more general the Fredholm property of such sequences. The abstract results are applied to finite sections of band-dominated operators, especially in the case lp(Z), 1⩽p⩽∞.

In this paper we extend the concept of the (N,ϵ)-pseudospectra of Hansen to the case of bounded linear operators on Banach spaces and prove several relations to the usual spectrum. We particularly discuss the approximation by rectangular finite sections and the impact of the fundamental result of Shargorodsky on "jumping" pseudospectra.

We study the stability and Fredholm property of the finite sections of quasi-banded operators acting on Lp spaces over the real line. This family is significantly larger than the set of band-dominated operators, but still permits to derive criteria for the stability and results on the splitting property, as well as an index formula in the form as it is known for the classical cases. In particular, this class covers convolution type operators with semi-almost periodic and quasi-continuous symbols, and operators of multiplication by slowly oscillating, almost periodic or even more general coefficients.

Abstract IMPACT (Isotope and Muon Production with Advanced Cyclotron and Target Technologies) is a proposed initiative envisaged for the high-intensity proton accelerator facility (HIPA) at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). As part of IMPACT, a radioisotope target station, TATTOOS (Targeted Alpha Tumour Therapy and Other Oncological Solutions) will allow the production of terbium radionuclides for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The proposed TATTOOS beamline and target will be located near the UCN (Ultra Cold Neutron source) target area, branching off from the main UCN beamline. In particular, the beamline is intended to operate at a beam intensity of 100 μA, requiring a continuous splitting of the main beam via an electrostatic splitter. Realistic beam loss simulations to verify safe operation have been performed and optimised using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), a Geant4 based tool enabling the simulation of beam transportation through magnets and particle passage through the accelerator. In this study, beam profiles, beam transmission and power deposits are generated and studied.

This paper is devoted to the asymptotic behavior of the norms, condition numbers and pseudospectra of the finite sections of band-dominated operators acting on the spaces $$ \iota^{p} ({\mathbb{Z}}, X) \ {\rm{with}} \ 1 \leq p \leq \infty$$ and X being a Banach space.

Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Setting the stage: Epistemic Relativism in the Strong Programme and Beyond 2. Realism and the Argument from Underdetermination 3. Norm-circularity 4. Epistemic Absolutism that Explains the Relativist's Intuition Summary and Outlook Glossary Bibliography Index

In this paper we study the semi-Fredholm property of band-dominated operators A and prove that it already implies the Fredholmness of A in all cases where this is not disqualified by obvious reasons. Moreover, this observation is applied to show that the Fredholmness of a band-dominated operator already follows from the surjectivity of all its limit operators.

This paper addresses and establishes some of the fundamental barriers in the theory of computations and finally settles the long standing computational spectra l problem. Due to the barriers presented in this paper, there are many problems, some of them at the heart of compu- tational theory, that do not fit into the classical framework s of complexity theory. Hence, we are in need for a new extended theory of complexity, capable of handling these new issues. Such a theory is presented in this paper. Many computational problems can be solved as follows: a sequence of approximations is created by an algorithm, and the solution to the problem is the limit of thi s sequence (think about computing eigenvalues of a matrix for example). However, as we demonstrate, for several basic problems in computations (computing spec- tra of infinite dimensional operators, solutions to linear e quations or roots of polynomials using rational maps) such a procedure based on one limit is impossible. Yet, one can compute solutions to these problems, but only by using several limits. This may come as a surprise, however, this touches onto the definite boundaries of com- putational mathematics. To analyze this phenomenon we use the Solvability Complexity Index (SCI). The SCI is the smallest number of limits needed in order to compute a desired quantity. In several cases (spectral problems, inverse problems) we provide sharp results on the SCI, thus we establish the absolute barriers for what can be achieved computationally. For example, we show that the SCI of spectra and essential spectra of infinite matrices is equal to three, and that the SCI of spectra of self-adjoint infinite matrices is equal to two, thus providing the lower bound barriers and the first algorithms to compute such spectra in two and three limits. This finally set- tles the long standing computational spectral problem. We also show that the SCI of solutions to infinite linear systems is two. Moreover, we establish barriers on error control. We prove that no algorithm can provide error control on the computational spectral problem or solutions to infinite -dimensional linear systems. In particular, one can get arbitrarily close to the solution, but never knowing when one is epsilon away. This is universal for all algorithms regardless of operations allowed. In addition, we provide bounds for the SCI of spectra of classes of Schrodinger operators, thus we affirmatively answer the lo ng standing question on whether or not these spectra can actually be computed. Finally, we show how the SCI provides a natural framework for understanding barriers in computations. It has a direct link to the Arithmetical Hie rarchy, and in particular, we demonstrate how the impossibility result of McMullen on polynomial root finding with rational maps in one limit, and the framework of Doyle and McMullen on solving the quintic in several limits, can be put in the SCI framework.

In a paper published in this journal Martin Hinton aims to show that the struggle between Moti Mizrahi and me about whether arguments from expert opinion are weak arguments rests on misunderstandings (Hinton 2015). Let me emphasize that I generally appreciate Hinton’s intention to settle the dispute between Mizrahi and myself in this way. 1 Furthermore, I also agree with Hinton’s conclusion that if Mizrahi is interpreted in the way Hinton does, then Mizrahi’s “claim becomes far less controversial, but also rather uninteresting” (Hinton 2015, 551)—to refer to the title of my former paper: just spilling out the water wouldn’t be worth a paper in Informal Logic. 2 Let me therefore focus in this reply on the points where Hinton directly attacks my treatment of Mizrahi and also what Hinton takes to be my account of expertise. I will discuss the following criticism of Hinton: (1) that, at points, my attack on Mizrahi is unfair due to my misunderstanding of his intentions, (2) that the notion of expertise I use is self-contradictory/inconsistent, (3) that the argument for my view is circular, (4) that one of my examples—the example from soccer—is mistaken. In rebutting this criticism, I aim to clarify the background of my former paper in this journal.

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of certain collocation methods applied to Cauchy singular integral equations on an interval are presented for weighted L' norms. Moreover, the behavior of the approximation numbers, in particular their so-called k -splitting property, of the respective sequence of discretized operators is discussed (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

In a reply to Howard Sankey I have maintained that the epistemic relativist cannot use the strategy of the (Pyrrhonian) sceptic since the relativist is at pains not to draw the sceptical solution. Sankey has objected to my argument by distinguishing between weak and strong justification: according to Sankey, the relativist using the sceptic’s strategy aims to provide an argument against the latter form of justification but still maintains that we can have the former. In this counter-response I argue that if this is really the relativist’s strategy then she cannot provide any argument against the absolutist at all. The reason is that she simply fails to address the key question in the debate about relative/absolute justification: are there any absolutely correct epistemic standards? The epistemic relativist using the sceptic’s strategy is thus trapped between the Scylla of undermining her right to maintain that there is relative justification and the Charybdis of providing no argument against absolutism at all.

Terra NovaVolume 20, Issue 5 p. 417-418 Reply to comment on 'Tectono-sedimentary evolution of lower to middle Miocene half-graben basins related to an extensional detachment fault (western Crete, Greece)' Markus Seidel, Markus Seidel Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 49 b, D-50674 Köln, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorEberhard Seidel, Eberhard Seidel Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 49 b, D-50674 Köln, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorBernhard Stöckhert, Bernhard Stöckhert Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, GermanySearch for more papers by this author Markus Seidel, Markus Seidel Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 49 b, D-50674 Köln, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorEberhard Seidel, Eberhard Seidel Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 49 b, D-50674 Köln, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorBernhard Stöckhert, Bernhard Stöckhert Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, GermanySearch for more papers by this author First published: 23 September 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2008.00835.xCitations: 3 Dr Markus Seidel, Am Lindbruch 29, D-41470 Neuss, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References Davis, G.H. and Coney, P.J., 1979. Geologic development of the Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes. Geology, 7, 120–124. Davis, G.A., Lister, G.S. and Reynolds, S.J., 1986. Structural evolution of the Whipple and South mountains shear zones, southwestern United States. Geology, 14, 7–10. Fassoulas, C., Kilias, A. and Mountrakis, D., 1994. Postnappe stacking extension and exhumation of high-pressure/low-temperature rocks in the island of Crete, Greece. Tectonics, 13, 127–138. Van Hinsbergen, D.J.J. and Meulenkamp, J.E., 2006. Neogene supradetachment basin development on Crete (Greece) during exhumation of the South Aegean core complex. Basin Res., 18, 103–124. Van Hinsbergen, D.J.J., Zachariasse, J.-W. and Fortuin, A.R., 2008. Comment on “Tectono-sedimentary evolution of lower to middle Miocene half-graben basins related to an extensional detachment fault (western Crete, Greece)”. Terra Nova, in press. Jolivet, L., Goffe, B., Monie, P., Truffort-Luxey, C. and Bonneau, M., 1996. Miocene detachment in Crete and exhumation P-T-t paths of high-pressure metamorphic rocks. Tectonics, 15/6, 1129–1153. Kilias, A., Fassoulas, C. and Mountrakis, D., 1994. Tertiary extension of continental crust and uplift of Psiloritis metamorphic core complex in the central part of the Hellenic Arc (Crete, Greece). Geol. Rundsch., 83, 417–430. Küster, M. and Stöckhert, B., 1997. Density changes of fluid inclusions in high-pressure low-temperature metamorphic rocks from Crete: a thermobarometric approch based on the creep strength of the host minerals. Lithos, 41, 151–167. Meier, T., Becker, D., Endrun, B., Rische, M., Bohnhoff, M., Stockhert, B. and Harjes, H.-P., 2007. A model for the Hellenic subduction zone in the area of Crete based on seismological investigations. In: The Geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia ( T. Taymaz, Y. Yilmaz and Y. Dilek, eds). Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. Lond., 291, 183–199. Rahl, J.M., Anderson, K.M., Brandon, M.T., Fassoulas, C., 2005. Raman spectroscopic carbonaceous material thermometry of low-grade metamorphic rocks: calibration and application to tectonic exhumation in Crete, Greece. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 240, 339–354. Seidel, M., Pack, A., Sharp, Z.D., Seidel, E., 2005. The Kakopetros and Ravdoucha iron-oxide deposits, western Crete, Greece: fluid transport and mineralization within a detachment zone. Econ. Geol., 100, 165–174. Seidel, M., Seidel, E. and Stöckhert, B., 2007. Tectono-sedimentary evolution of lower to middle Miocene half-graben basins related to an extensional detachment fault (western Crete, Greece). Terra Nova, 19, 39–47. Thomson, S.N., Stöckhert, B. and Brix, M.R., 1998. Thermochronology of the high-pressure metamorphic rocks on Crete, Greece: implications for the speed of tectonic processes. Geology, 26, 259–262. Thomson, S.N., Stöckhert, B. and Brix, M.R., 1999. Miocene high-pressure metamorphic rocks of Crete, Greece: rapid exhumation by buoyant escape. In: Exhumation Processes: Normal faulting, Ductile Flow and Erosion ( U. Ring, M.T. Brandon, G.S. Lister and S.D. Willet, eds). Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. Lond., 154, 87–108. Wernicke, B., 1981. Low-angle normal faulting in the Basin and Range Province: Nappe tectonics in an extending orogen. Nature, 291, 645–648. Citing Literature Volume20, Issue5October 2008Pages 417-418 ReferencesRelatedInformation

The compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment is a general-purpose detector for high-energy collision at the large hadron collider (LHC) at CERN. It employs an online data quality monitoring (DQM) system to promptly spot and diagnose particle data acquisition problems to avoid data quality loss. In this study, we present semi-supervised spatio-temporal anomaly detection (AD) monitoring for the physics particle reading channels of the hadronic calorimeter (HCAL) of the CMS using three-dimensional digi-occupancy map data of the DQM. We propose the GraphSTAD system, which employs convolutional and graph neural networks to learn local spatial characteristics induced by particles traversing the detector, and global behavior owing to shared backend circuit connections and housing boxes of the channels, respectively. Recurrent neural networks capture the temporal evolution of the extracted spatial features. We have validated the accuracy of the proposed AD system in capturing diverse channel fault types using the LHC Run-2 collision data sets. The GraphSTAD system has achieved production-level accuracy and is being integrated into the CMS core production system--for real-time monitoring of the HCAL. We have also provided a quantitative performance comparison with alternative benchmark models to demonstrate the promising leverage of the presented system.

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is a general-purpose detector for high-energy collision at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It employs an online data quality monitoring (DQM) system to promptly spot and diagnose particle data acquisition problems to avoid data quality loss. In this study, we present a semi-supervised spatio-temporal anomaly detection (AD) monitoring system for the physics particle reading channels of the Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL) of the CMS using three-dimensional digi-occupancy map data of the DQM. We propose the GraphSTAD system, which employs convolutional and graph neural networks to learn local spatial characteristics induced by particles traversing the detector and the global behavior owing to shared backend circuit connections and housing boxes of the channels, respectively. Recurrent neural networks capture the temporal evolution of the extracted spatial features. We validate the accuracy of the proposed AD system in capturing diverse channel fault types using the LHC collision data sets. The GraphSTAD system achieves production-level accuracy and is being integrated into the CMS core production system for real-time monitoring of the HCAL. We provide a quantitative performance comparison with alternative benchmark models to demonstrate the promising leverage of the presented system.

The Parton Branching (PB) method describes the evolution of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions, covering all kinematic regions from small to large transverse momenta kT. The small kT-region is very sensitive both to the contribution of the intrinsic motion of partons (intrinsic kT) and to the resummation of soft gluons taken into account by the PB TMD evolution equations. We study the role of soft-gluon emissions in TMD as well as integrated parton distributions. We perform a detailed investigation of the PB TMD methodology at next-to-leading order (NLO) in Drell-Yan (DY) production for low transverse momenta. We present the extraction of the nonperturbative "intrinsic-kT" distribution from recent measurements of DY transverse momentum distributions at the LHC across a wide range in DY masses, including a detailed treatment of statistical, correlated and uncorrelated uncertainties. We comment on the (in)dependence of intrinsic transverse momentum on DY mass and center-of-mass energy, and on the comparison with other approaches.

Criteria for the stability of finite sections of a large class of convolution type operators on $L^p(\mathbb{R})$ are obtained. In this class almost all classical symbols are permitted, namely operators of multiplication with functions in $[\textrm{PC} ,\textrm{SO}, L^\infty_0]$ and convolution operators (as well as Wiener-Hopf and Hankel operators) with symbols in $[\textrm{PC},\textrm{SO},\textrm{AP},\textrm{BUC}]_p$. We use a simpler and more powerful algebraic technique than all previous works: the application of $\mathcal{P}$-theory together with the rich sequences concept and localization. Beyond stability we study Fredholm theory in sequence algebras. In particular, formulas for the asymptotic behavior of approximation numbers and Fredholm indices are given.

In this paper, we will discuss Peter van Inwagen’s contribution to the epistemological debate about revealed peer disagreement. Roughly, this debate focuses on situations in which at least two participants disagree on a certain proposition based on the same evidence. This leads to the problem of how one should react rationally when peer disagreement is revealed. Van Inwagen, as we will show, discusses four possible reactions, all of which he rejects as unsatisfying. Our proposal will be to point to hidden assumptions in van Inwagen’s reasoning and ask whether he is willing to reject at least one of these to get rid of the problem. In short, our thesis amounts to the following: Of the two epistemological claims, which we call “Weak” and “Full-blown Fallibilism”, van Inwagen cannot simultaneously accept the first and reject the latter, while this is what he seems to suggest. Revealing this potential dilemma for van Inwagen’s position will lead to a more detailed discussion of how “rationality”, “truth”, “evidence” and “justification” interrelate and how a closer look at their relation might help solving the puzzle of revealed peer disagreement.

The silicon detectors used in the H1-PLUG calorimeter have shown increasing aging effects during the '94 run period of the electron proton storage ring HERA. These effects were particularly manifest as degradation of the signal to noise level and the calibration stability. The reasons for this behaviour have been found to be correlated with radiation damage to the silicon oxide passivation edges of the detectors in strong and fluctuating increases of the leakage currents and in severe changes of the flat band voltages. Depletion voltages however are found to be stable and therefore bulk damage of the silicon can be excluded. A comparison with measurements made by thermoluminescence dosimeters as well as related laboratory experiments suggest that the aging is due to very low energetic electrons and photons.

An operator $A$ on an $l^p$-space is called band-dominated if it can be approximated, in the operator norm, by operators with a banded matrix representation. The coset of $A$ in the Calkin algebra determines, for example, the Fredholmness of $A$, the Fredholm index, the essential spectrum, the essential norm and the so-called essential pseudospectrum of $A$. This coset can be identified with the collection of all so-called limit operators of $A$. It is known that this identification preserves invertibility (hence spectra). We now show that it also preserves norms and in particular resolvent norms (hence pseudospectra). In fact we work with a generalization of the ideal of compact operators, so-called $\mathcal{P}$-compact operators, allowing for a more flexible framework that naturally extends to $l^p$-spaces with $p\in\{1,\infty\}$ and/or vector-valued $l^p$-spaces.

The mass of the top quark has been measured by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in pp collisions at = 7 TeV. Both experiments use large samples of 2011 data in all decay channels of top-quark pairs to obtain very precise results. An overview of the recent measurements is given in this report.

Rezension von Paul Hoyningen-Huene: Systematicity. The Nature of Science.

Der wissenschaftliche Realismus ist die These, dass diejenigen Entitäten, die von den empirisch erfolgreichsten Theorien postuliert werden, geist- und theorieunabhängig existieren. Für die wissenschaftlichen Realist/innen gilt diese These sowohl für beobachtbare (z. B. Planeten, Tiere, Berge etc.) als auch unbeobachtbare (z. B. Quarks, Gene etc.) Entitäten.

The ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are studying the top quark in pp collisions at 7 and 8 TeV. Due to the large integrated luminosity, precision measurements of production cross-sections and properties are often limited by systematic uncertainties. An overview of the modeling uncertainties for simulated events is given in this report.

In several parts of his work Philip Pettit suggests a solution to the skeptical problem of rule-following. The hub of this solution is global response-dependence expressed via alleged a priori biconditionals. We scrutinize Pettit’s proposed solution by disclosing several unclarities and ambiguities in his formulation of the a priori response-dependent biconditionals. We argue that especially three aspects remain unclear: (a) What exactly is supposed to be a priori?, (b) What is the response-dependent biconditional supposed to connect?, (c) What does Pettit mean by apriority? Convincing answers to these questions are crucial for the final evaluation of Pettit’s solution.

The production cross section of top quark pairs was measured by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in pp collisions at 7-13.This report briefly summarizes the most recent results. Presented at Moriond/QCD2016 51st Rencontres de Moriond on QCD and High Energy Interactions tt (+x) PAIR PRODUCTION AT THE LHC M. SEIDEL, on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations CERN, Geneva, Switzerland The production cross section of top quark pairs was measured by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in pp collisions at √ s = 7, 8, and 13 TeV. This report briefly summarizes the most recent results.

By investigating the argument from underdetermination and the argu- ment from norm-circularity and by showing that both arguments do not provide reasons for subscribing to epistemic relativism I have shown that we have no reason to subscribe to epistemic relativism. If we follow the setting of the discussion between the epistemic relativist and the epistemic absolutist that I pointed to in Section 1.2.1.1 — namely that relativism and absolutism are the only possible alternatives in play once we ask the question of the status of correctness of epistemic norms — then, we are led to conclude, we should be epistemic absolutists. However, it might be objected that my treatment of the question of epistemic relativism was only negative — what then is my own proposal?

This paper discusses Sosa’s via media between existential relativism and absolutism. We discuss three implications of Sosa’s account which require some further clarification. First, we distinguish three alternative readings of Sosa’s account – the indexicalist, the homonymist and the (proper) relativist reading – and argue that they differ with respect to two crucial points: (a) they lead to different analyses of the lack of disagreement in existential discourse, and (b) they differ with respect to the question of whether conceptual schemes pick out different senses of “exist” or whether they pick out different entities to exist. Second, we ask Sosa to answer on four problematic implications of his final position: (a) Sosa appears to change the topic from ontology to semantics without solving the ontological issue. (b) It is puzzling why Sosa finally accepts the initially implausible explosion of reality. (c) Sosa is forced to accept that disputants really disagree in existential disputes (although faultlessly). (d) We offer an even simpler alternative option to reconcile the realist and the relativist intuitions by clarifying what is meant by “conceptual relativism”, without arguing for existential relativity at all. Third, we argue that Sosa’s argumentative reliance on an appropriate development of conceptual schemes drives him not only to a position of pure conceptual absolutism, but even to a more traditional form of ontological absolutism according to which nature itself manages to cut the cookies. In contrast to his apparent intention, this discharges Sosa’s via media from any relativist intuition.

In this chapter, my aim is to provide a sensible definition of epistemic relativism and to justify the use of this definition on the basis of a close reading of the texts of Barnes and Bloor. Furthermore, it will be pointed out how the debate about epistemic relativism relates to other very fundamental debates and positions in epistemology.

How can we approach the arguments from Barnes and Bloor for epistemic relativism?

An operator on an l-space is called band-dominated if it can be approximated, in the operator norm, by operators with a banded matrix representation. It is known that a rich band-dominated operator is P-Fredholm (which is a generalization of the classical Fredholm property) if and only if all of its so-called limit operators are invertible and their inverses are uniformly bounded. We show that the condition on uniform boundedness is redundant in this statement. AMS subject classification: 47A53; 47B07, 46E40, 47B36, 47L80.

This paper establishes some of the fundamental barriers in the theory of computations and finally settles the long-standing computational spectral problem. That is to determine the existence of algorithms that can compute spectra $\mathrm{sp}(A)$ of classes of bounded operators $A = \{a_{ij}\}_{i,j \in \mathbb{N}} \in \mathcal{B}(l^2(\mathbb{N}))$, given the matrix elements $\{a_{ij}\}_{i,j \in \mathbb{N}}$, that are sharp in the sense that they achieve the boundary of what a digital computer can achieve. Similarly, for a Schrodinger operator $H = -\Delta+V$, determine the existence of algorithms that can compute the spectrum $\mathrm{sp}(H)$ given point samples of the potential function $V$. In order to solve these problems, we establish the Solvability Complexity Index (SCI) hierarchy and provide a collection of new algorithms that allow for problems that were previously out of reach. The SCI is the smallest number of limits needed in the computation, yielding a classification hierarchy for all types of problems in computational mathematics that determines the boundaries of what computers can achieve in scientific computing. In addition, the SCI hierarchy provides classifications of computational problems that can be used in computer-assisted proofs. The SCI hierarchy captures many key computational issues in the history of mathematics including the insolvability of the quintic, Smale's problem on the existence of iterative generally convergent algorithm for polynomial root finding, the computational spectral problem, inverse problems, optimisation etc.

If the foregoing arguments are correct, we have good reason to think that the argument from underdetermination does not lead to the conclusion that Barnes and Bloor aim at, namely: (Rel-BB) All knowledge necessarily has a social component.

In this book two things have been shown: firstly, the best arguments for epistemic relativism — the argument from underdetermination and the argument from norm-circularity — are not convincing. Thus, we have seen reason to stick to an epistemic absolutist account and to criticize Barnes’ and Bloor’s view. Secondly, however, the Strong Programmers have a correct intuition — expressed in the principle of epistemic tolerance. Thus, it has been shown that though the arguments of the epistemic relativists founder, their basic intuition is correct and can be incorporated and explained within the framework of epistemic absolutism.

This book is concerned with epistemic relativism in the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK). However, though this is the main topic of the book, it is not restricted to this topic completely. First of all, I think that the book can also be read as a book on epistemic relativism in general. Though I will discuss mainly the position of the two sociologists Barry Barnes and David Bloor, I think that the arguments that I discuss are the main arguments to be found in the literature on epistemic relativism in general.

The ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are studying the top quark in pp collisions at 7 and 8 TeV. Due to the large integrated luminosity, precision measurements of production cross-sections and properties are often limited by systematic uncertainties. An overview of the modeling uncertainties for simulated events is given in this report.

An operator $A$ on an $l^p$-space is called band-dominated if it can be approximated, in the operator norm, by operators with a banded matrix representation. The coset of $A$ in the Calkin algebra determines, for example, the Fredholmness of $A$, the Fredholm index, the essential spectrum, the essential norm and the so-called essential pseudospectrum of $A$. This coset can be identified with the collection of all so-called limit operators of $A$. It is known that this identification preserves invertibility (hence spectra). We now show that it also preserves norms and in particular resolvent norms (hence pseudospectra). In fact we work with a generalization of the ideal of compact operators, so-called $\mathcal{P}$-compact operators, allowing for a more flexible framework that naturally extends to $l^p$-spaces with $p\in\{1,\infty\}$ and/or vector-valued $l^p$-spaces.

The results in this paper describe the asymptotic behavior of convolution type operators on finite intervals as the length of these intervals tends to infinity. The family of operators under consideration here is generated (among others) by Fourier convolutions with slowly oscillating, almost periodic, bounded and uniformly continuous, and quasi-continuous multipliers, as well as operators of multiplication by slowly oscillating, almost periodic, and piecewise continuous functions. The focus is on the convergence of norms, condition numbers and pseudospectra.

We introduce the bow tie multi-pass cell as a new scheme for post-compression of high-energy laser pulses, overcoming current limits of Herriott-type multi-pass cell-based postcompression imposed mainly by mirror damage threshold limitations.

In this paper we show that Audi’s fallibilist foundationalism is beset by three unclarities. First, there is a conceptual unclarity in that Audi leaves open if and how to distinguish clearly between the concepts of fallibility and defeasibility. Second, there is a general unclarity: it is not always clear which fallibility/defeasibility-theses Audi accepts or denies. Finally, there is an unclarity of self-application because Audi does not specify his own claim that fallibilist foundationalism is an inductivist, and therefore itself fallible, thesis. The critical part of our paper is supplemented by a constructive part, in which we present a space of possible distinctions between different fallibility and defeasibility theses. These distinctions can be used by Audi as a toolkit to improve the clarity of fallibilist foundationalism and thus provide means to strengthen his position.

The extraction of expressive features from an electroencephalography (EEG) signal is necessary for classification of movement and movement imagination of the limbs. We introduce different preprocessing and feature extraction algorithms for this purpose and develop an algorithm that selects features by their feature importance. This selection is used as an evaluation measure for features, their preprocessing algorithms and the EEG electrodes. Our results show that most influential features for signal interpretation are: common spatial patterns, fractal dimensions, as well as, variance and standard deviation of the preprocessed data. We show that preprocessing with continuous wavelet transforms outperforms the other tested preprocessing algorithms. Furthermore, we show that high gamma frequencies (70-90 Hz) contain more information than the lower μ-rhythms (8-12 Hz) where event-related-desynchronization (ERD) is known to occur. The important EEG electrodes for this classification task are located in the left and right back of the motor-cortex. The proposed algorithm can be further used to create subject-specific and performance models for real-time classification.