Marco Peruzzi

A new event data format has been designed and prototyped by the CMS collaboration to satisfy the needs of a large fraction of physics analyses (at least 50%) with a per event size of order 1 kB. This new format is more than a factor of 20 smaller than the MINIAOD format and contains only top level information typically used in the last steps of the analysis. The talk will review the current analysis strategy from the point of view of event format in CMS (both skims and formats such as RECO, AOD, MINIAOD, NANOAOD) and will describe the design guidelines for the new NANOAOD format.

A novel geometry for a sampling calorimeter employing inorganic scintillators as an active medium is presented. To overcome the mechanical challenges of construction, an innovative light collection geometry has been pioneered, that minimises the complexity of construction. First test results are presented, demonstrating a successful signal extraction. The geometry consists of a sampling calorimeter with passive absorber layers interleaved with layers of an active medium made of inorganic scintillating crystals. Wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibres run along the four long, chamfered edges of the stack, transporting the light to photodetectors at the rear. To maximise the amount of scintillation light reaching the WLS fibres, the scintillator chamfers are depolished. It is shown herein that this concept is working for cerium fluoride (CeF3) as a scintillator. Coupled to it, several different types of materials have been tested as WLS medium. In particular, materials that might be sufficiently resistant to the High- Luminosity Large Hadron Collider radiation environment, such as cerium-doped Lutetium- Yttrium Orthosilicate (LYSO) and cerium-doped quartz, are compared to conventional plastic WLS fibres. Finally, an outlook is presented on the possible optimisation of the different components, and the construction and commissioning of a full calorimeter cell prototype is presented.

L’objectif de cette contribution est d’identifier les réponses réglementaires que l’ordre juridique de l’UE peut offrir pour protéger les travailleurs face aux processus algorithmiques. En se concentrant sur le cadre actuel qui donne un rôle de premier plan au RGPD et sur la proposition de règlement sur l’IA en cours de discussion, il s’agit de montrer que cette construction réglementaire repose sur les pierres angulaires de la transparence et du contrôle humain, ainsi que sur le choix d’un modèle basé sur le risque, orienté dans une perspective d’approche conjointe et nourri par la Directive 89/391 concernant la protection de la santé et de la sécurité au travail.

A sampling calorimeter using cerium fluoride scintillating crystals as active material, interleaved with heavy absorber plates, and read out by wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibers is being studied as a calorimeter option for detectors at the upgraded High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) collider at CERN. A prototype has been exposed to electron beams of different energies at the INFN Frascati (Italy) Beam Test Facility. This paper presents results from the studies performed on the prototype, such as signal amplitudes, light yield and energy resolution.

A prototype for a sampling calorimeter made out of cerium fluoride crystals interleaved with tungsten plates, and read out by wavelength-shifting fibres, has been exposed to beams of electrons with energies between 20 and 150 GeV, produced by the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron accelerator complex. The performance of the prototype is presented and compared to that of a Geant4 simulation of the apparatus. Particular emphasis is given to the response uniformity across the channel front face, and to the prototype׳s energy resolution.

A sampling calorimeter using cerium fluoride scintillating crystals as active material, interleaved with absorber plates made of tungsten, and read out by wavelength-shifting fibres has been tested with high-energy electron beams at the CERN SPS H4 beam line, as well as with lower-energy beams at the INFN Frascati Beam Test Facility in Italy. Energy resolution studies revealed a low stochastic term (<10%/E). This result, combined with high radiation hardness of the material used, marks this sampling calorimeter as a good candidate for the detectors׳ forward regions during the high luminosity phase of LHC.

The performance of the electron and photon reconstruction and selection with the CMS detector at s=8 TeV is presented. Selection criteria and efficiency measurements in data and simulation are shown. The electron and photon energy scale calibration and resolution are also discussed, with particular emphasis on their role in Higgs analyses.

The High-Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN (HL-LHC) poses stringent requirements on calorimeter performance in terms of resolution, pileup resilience and radiation hardness. A tungsten-CeF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> sampling calorimeter is a possible option for the upgrade of current detectors. A prototype, read out with different types of wavelength-shifting fibers, has been built and exposed to high energy electrons, representative for the particle energy spectrum at HL-LHC, at the CERN SPS H4 beam line. This paper shows the performance of the prototype, mainly focussing on energy resolution and uniformity. A detailed simulation has been also developed in order to compare with data and to extrapolate to different configurations to be tested in future beam tests. Additional studies on the calorimeter and the R&D projects ongoing on the various components of the experimental setup will be also discussed.

Abstract NanoAOD is an event data format that has recently been commissioned by the CMS Collaboration. It only includes high level physics object information and is about 20 times more compact than the MiniAOD format. NanoAOD can be easily customised for development activities and supports automated data analysis workflows. The current status and perspectives of NanoAOD design and implementation are reviewed.

Jet production in proton-proton collisions is one of the main phenomenological predictions of QCD. The ATLAS and CMS Collaborations have performed measurements of several jet observables at the LHC and compared their results to theoretical predictions and event generators. Useful physics input for the determination of the parton distribution functions and the strong coupling constant is provided. Photon production measurements represent another important test of QCD and show strong sensitivity to higher-order corrections.

A novel geometry for a sampling calorimeter employing inorganic scintillators as an active medium is presented. To overcome the mechanical challenges of construction, an innovative light collection geometry has been pioneered, that minimises the complexity of construction. First test results are presented, demonstrating a successful signal extraction. The geometry consists of a sampling calorimeter with passive absorber layers interleaved with layers of an active medium made of inorganic scintillating crystals. Wavelength-shifting (WLS) fibres run along the four long, chamfered edges of the stack, transporting the light to photodetectors at the rear. To maximise the amount of scintillation light reaching the WLS fibres, the scintillator chamfers are depolished. It is shown herein that this concept is working for cerium fluoride (CeF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) as a scintillator. Coupled to it, several different types of materials have been tested as WLS medium. In particular, materials that might be sufficiently resistant to the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider radiation environment, such as cerium-doped Lutetium-Yttrium Orthosilicate (LYSO) and cerium-doped quartz, are compared to conventional plastic WLS fibres. Finally, an outlook is presented on the possible optimisation of the different components, and the construction and commissioning of a full calorimeter cell prototype is presented.

Jet production in proton-proton collisions is one of the main phenomenological predictions of QCD. The ATLAS and CMS Collaborations have performed measurements of several jet observables at the LHC and compared their results to theoretical predictions and event generators. Useful physics input for the determination of the parton distribution functions and the strong coupling constant is provided. Photon production measurements represent another important test of QCD and show strong sensitivity to higher-order corrections.

Il saggio affronta il tema del licenziamento per ragioni di eta dei giovani lavoratori a chiamata. Partendo da una ricostruzione dell’evoluzione della normativa italiana sul lavoro intermittente, l’analisi si concentra sulla giurisprudenza elaborata dalle corti interne e dalla Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione europea nel caso Abercrombie, per verificare la legittimita di una disciplina, come quella italiana, che autorizza un datore di lavoro a licenziare un lavoratore a chiamata al compimento del suo venticinquesimo compleanno.