M. Kovac

This Report summarises the results of the second year's activities of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group. The main goal of the working group was to present the state of the art of Higgs Physics at the LHC, integrating all new results that have appeared in the last few years. The first working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 1. Inclusive Observables (CERN-2011-002) focuses on predictions (central values and errors) for total Higgs production cross sections and Higgs branching ratios in the Standard Model and its minimal supersymmetric extension, covering also related issues such as Monte Carlo generators, parton distribution functions, and pseudo-observables. This second Report represents the next natural step towards realistic predictions upon providing results on cross sections with benchmark cuts, differential distributions, details of specific decay channels, and further recent developments.

The H → ZZ → 4 decay channel ( = e, µ) is one of the most important channels for studies of properties of the Higgs boson since it has a large signal-to-background ratio due to the complete reconstruction of the final state decay objects and excellent lepton momentum resolution.Measurements performed using this decay channel and Run 1 data include, among others, the determination of the mass, spin-parity, and width of the new boson as well as tests for anomalous HVV couplings.This analysis presents measurements of properties of the Higgs boson in the H → ZZ → 4 decay channel at the √ s = 13 TeV using 41.8 fb -1 of pp collision data collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2017.In the previous iteration, categories have been introduced targeting sub-leading production modes of the Higgs boson such as vector boson fusion (VBF) and associated production with a vector boson (WH, ZH) or top quark pair (t tH).Apart from a larger dataset used, the main improvements in this analysis are newly optimised lepton selection, featuring in particular the usage of a new multivariate discriminant for electrons, and improved categorisation, especially optimised towards the associated production with a top quark.

The CMS Collaboration presents the first measurement of the differential cross section of jets from charm quarks produced in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV, as well as results from charm quark jets in proton-proton (pp) collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV. By comparing the yields of the pPb and pp collision systems at the same energy, a nuclear modification factor for charm jets from 55 to 400 GeV/c in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV of R[pA] = 0.92 +/- 0.07 (stat) +/- 0.11 (syst) is obtained. This is consistent with an absence of final-state energy loss for charm quarks in pPb collisions. In addition, the fraction of jets coming from charm quarks is found to be consistent with that predicted by PYTHIA 6 for pp collisions at sqrt(s)= 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, and is independent of the jet transverse momentum from 55 to 400 GeV/c.

Subject of this bachelor's thesis is the automation of Microsoft Windows operating system deployment to personal computers and server stations. This deployment can be used in medium and enterprise organizations, because in small companies this is a bad investment as it is not worth the effort. In small company’s operating system deployments are solved with other methods which are simpler and easier to maintain. The need of process automation is becoming more and more important for medium and large organizations. Large companies are usually divided into several geographical locations causing the problem how to handle installations of operating systems, software, software updates, collecting information about systems, etc. Standardization simplifies process automation. If you buy equipment from one vendor it is easier to prepare the procedures for operating system and system driver installations. Major vendors of computer equipment (Lenovo, HP, Dell) are also providing some tools which assist in operating system installation automatization in large companies. The thesis presents how to automate installation of Windows operating system using ConfigMgr 2007 and MDT 2010. MDT 2010 is integrated into the ConfigMgr 2007 and allows us to automate the installation of operating systems. Some additional tools that make it easier to do certain things will also be described below. As an example automatic installation of Microsoft Windows 7 operating system will be described. In the first step, how the image of the reference computer is made, and later imported to ConfigMgr 2007. This image is distributed and installed on workstations in the company. It will also be described how to change advanced settings such as: regional settings, keyboard, etc.

A search for the Higgs boson in the H→ ZZ four-lepton decay channel, with each Z boson decaying to an electron, or a muon pair, is reported. The search covers Higgs boson mass hypotheses in the range 110<mH < 600 GeV. The analysis uses pp collision data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5.05 fb−1 at √ s = 7 TeV and 5.26 fb−1 at √ s = 8 TeV. The four-lepton invariant-mass distributions m4` is found to be consistent with the standard model expectations for background ZZ production for invariant masses above 180 GeV. Upper limits at 95% confidence level exclude the standard model Higgs boson in the range 131–162 and 172–525 GeV, while the expected exclusion range is 121–570 GeV. An excess of events is observed in the low m4` mass range, making the observed limits weaker than expected in the absence of a signal. These events cluster around a mass m4` ' 125.5 GeV, giving rise to a local excess with respect to the background expectation, with a significance of 3.2σ . This result constitutes evidence for a new massive state.

Prostor sjevernog Velebita geomorfoloski je vrlo raznolik. To je podrucje zasticeno u okviru NP Sjeverni Velebit i PP Velebit među ostalim i zbog svojih izraženih geomorfoloskih znacajki. Cilj ovog rada je istraživanje i prikaz temeljnih morfometrijskih, morfografskih i morfogenetskih obilježja te osnovnih cimbenika oblikovanja reljefa prostora sjevernog Velebita. U morfogenetskom smislu prikazan je utjecaj strukturno-tektonskih obilježja na nastanak i razvoj reljefa te utjecaj glavnih egzogenih tipova reljefa: krskog, padinskog, glacijalnog i periglacijalnog. Recentno, krski procesi imaju najznacajniju ulogu u oblikovanju reljefa. Najzastupljeniji povrsinski krski oblici su grižine razlicitih tipova, ponikve, kukovi i krske uvale. Među podzemnim krskim oblicima dominiraju jame prvenstveno nastale korozijskim i erozijski radom vode u vadoznoj zoni koja je izrazite dubine. Pleistocenska glacijacija imala je znacajnu ulogu u oblikovanju reljefa ovog prostora. Zabilježeni su glacijalni denudacijski (egzarazijski) i akumulacijski reljefni oblici, ali i utjecaj glacijacije na ostale morfogenetske tipove. Njen najznacajniji utjecaj vidljiv je na razvoj povrsinskih, ali i podzemnih krskih oblika. Zbog izuzetne geomorfoloske raznolikosti istraživanog podrucja provedeno je geoekolosko vrednovanje reljefa za rekreativno-edukacijske potrebe i potrebe zastite prirode na primjeru odabranih morfografskih kategorija (ponikve, uvale, vrhovi).

U radu se analiziraju fizicko geografska obilježja mikroklime i geomorfoloske znacajke istraživanog podrucja. Mikroklima se istražuje analizom

A search for the Higgs boson in the H → ZZ four-lepton decay channel, with each Z boson decaying to an electron, or a muon pair, is reported.The search covers Higgs boson mass hypotheses in the range 110 < m H < 600 GeV.The analysis uses pp collision data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5.05 fb -1 at √ s = 7 TeV and 5.26 fb -1 at √ s = 8 TeV.The four-lepton invariant-mass distributions m 4 is found to be consistent with the standard model expectations for background ZZ production for invariant masses above 180 GeV.Upper limits at 95% confidence level exclude the standard model Higgs boson in the range 131-162 and 172-525 GeV, while the expected exclusion range is 121-570 GeV.An excess of events is observed in the low m 4 mass range, making the observed limits weaker than expected in the absence of a signal.These events cluster around a mass m 4 125.5 GeV, giving rise to a local excess with respect to the background expectation, with a significance of 3.2σ .This result constitutes evidence for a new massive state.

Cilj ovog diplomskog rada jest razviti aplikaciju za obradu slike, koristeci „open source“ programski jezik. Programski jezik u kojem ce se razvijat aplikacija jest python. Python je programski jezik opce namjene, slican programskim jezicima kao sto su perl, ruby, smalltalk itd. Python dopusta programerima koristenje nekoliko stilova programiranja. Objektno orijentirano, strukturno i aspektno orijentirano programiranje stilovi su dopusteni koristenjem Pythona te ova fleksibilnost cini Python programski jezik sve popularnijim. Sama aplikacija baviti ce se digitalnom obradom slike, odnosno procesiranjem slike. Digitalna obrada slike (engl. digital image processing) jest podvrgavanje numerickih reprezentacija objekata seriji operacija s ciljem postizanja željenog rezultata. Digitalna obrada slike koristi se u brojnim granama prirodnih znanosti i u mnogim tehnickim znanostima, poput graficke tehnologije. Vecina komercijalnih programa i aplikacije za digitalnu obradu slike su skupi, stoga cemo ovim diplomskim radom vidjeti da li je moguce napraviti aplikaciju koristeci „open-source“ programski jezik python koja bi mogla zamijeniti skupe programe.

The book Preteklost in prihodnost ('The past and the future') is the sixteenth volume in the GIS v Sloveniji (GIS in Slovenia) book series and commemorates its 30th anniversary. The goal of the volume is to present the wide variety of research findings on geographical information systems in Slovenia in recent years. Powerful geoinformatic tools and precise data facilitate research on processes and phenomena, and their modelling. The volume presents project outputs and research results in areas such as geology, geomorphology, hydrology, pedology, agriculture, natural disasters, environmental protection, geography, surveying, archaeology, transport, telecommunication infrastructure, tourism, cultural heritage, education, cartography, geographical names, remote sensing, and others. Readers discover new features regarding the applicability of geographical information systems and learn about interesting research findings in many areas.

Roof orientations of the existing building stock in SloveniaThe study provides insight into the orientation of building roofs in Slovenia, one of the key data for calculating the real potential of solar PV available on Slovenian rooftops.The final indication of the state of electricity generation potential represents the maximum yield that can either be fed into the grid or used at the generation site.Given the insufficient capacity of the electricity distribution network in Slovenia, the latter is likely to be more relevant in the future.The degree of potential self-supply of electricity to Slovenian households will need to be examined.The assessment was based on the slope, aspect, and size of roof segments of individual buildings, which were computed from airborne laser scanning data.The calculated potential would cover 70 % of the current electricity production in Slovenia.

Several recent EU documents deal with forests and forestry. Some of them also foreseen the launch of strategic plans for forests at the national level. The paper presents procedural requirements for strategic plans and the contents that supposed to be addressed in the plans. In a brief analysis of the drafts of forest management plans for forest regions, we found that the drafts were prepared in accordance with existing national regulation, which is likely to be fulfilled in the future. The main contents of the headings were also consistent with the contents of many EU documents. We found some shortcomings in terms of links among the main themes, existing forest conditions, forest management objectives and pathways.

In this paper, the instantaneous frequency estimation of nonstationary signals is considered. The instantaneous frequency is estimated from the timefrequency representation where certain percent of the coefficients is missing. The time-frequency representation is considered as an image, whose missing pixels are reconstructed by using compressive sensing recovery algorithms. As a time-frequency representation, the S-method is considered. The Compressive Sensing as a intensively growing novel approach for signal acquisition, ensures accurate signal reconstruction from relatively small percent of available information about the signal. The theory is verified by experimental results.

Studija je bila omejena na sistemsko analizo obstojecega gozdarskega nacrtovalskega sistema, ki je pokazala, da ima sistem metodoloske pomanjkljivosti, kot so neustreznost vsebin tipov nacrtov, nepovezanost nacrtov gozdnogospodarskih obmocij in enot ter nasprotne informacijske in komunikacijske tokove. Povezava med nacrtom gozdnogospodarske enote in gojitvenimi nacrti je tehnicno korektna, vsebinska povezanost pa sibka. Na drugi strani je analiza kakovosti pokazala, da vsebine nacrtov niso optimalne; sibka podrocja so rastisca, funkcije gozdov, analiza trajnosti, cilji, usmeritve in ukrepi. Studija kriticno analizira se pomen dediscine idej, družbenih sistemov, politicne pokrajine in neresenih težav, tem, ki so vseskozi zelo zaznamovale razvoj sistema nacrtovanja. V razpravi je prikazano, da ima vecina evropskih držav bistveno enostavnejse in manj regulirane gozdarske nacrtovalske sisteme, kot je slovenski. Hkrati studija navaja priporocila, kje iskati poenostavitve nacrtovalskega sistema.

A search for resonance like structures in the B0sπ± invariant mass spectrum is performed using proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at √s=8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The B0s mesons are reconstructed in the decay chain B0s→J/ψϕ, with J/ψ→μ+μ− and ϕ→K+K−. The B0sπ± invariant mass distribution shows no statistically significant peaks for different selection requirements on the reconstructed B0s and π± candidates. Upper limits are set on the relative production rates of the X(5568) and B0s states times the branching fraction of the decay X(5568)±→B0sπ±. In addition, upper limits are obtained as a function of the mass and the natural width of possible exotic states decaying into B0sπ±.

The research expands the bottom-up approach to determine investment cost for self-sufficient Solar Plus systems. Existing solar maps usually utilize net-metering scheme and treat electricity grid as giant battery. However, with increased solar production, this might put an additional strain to the grid. In addition, to obtain national wide results, multiple weather patterns obtained from different meteorological stations were analyzed which also resulted in different demand curves. The scope of the research was therefore largely increased by calculating all available meteorological data in form of a typical year for Slovenia, which consist of 23 data points evenly spread all over Slovenia. However, those points vary quite a bit – some stations are positioned in the cities and towns, while others are located in small villages or places of interests (i.e., mountain resorts or airports). The points also vary in altitude (from few meters to over 2500 m) and cover different climate zones. The majority of Slovenia lies in continental zone (described with Dfb and Dfb by Köppen-Geiger climate classification) with cold winters and warm summers, with some subtropical climate at the coastal areas (Cfa and Cfb). Some mountain areas have tundra climate (ET). The presented research shows how to combine the existing data to calculate optimal Solar Plus instalment for self-sufficient buildings for each calculation point. The already validated simplified model was used for calculation of energy balance for the typical year which was later used for optimization of the results regarding costs. This includes the roof area for photovoltaic, optimal orientation of solar panels, the capacity of the battery storage and other influential parameters. The results clearly indicated the capability of each analyzed area for Solar Plus installation.

In this paper, the instantaneous frequency estimation of nonstationary signals is considered. The instantaneous frequency is estimated from the timefrequency representation where certain percent of the coefficients is missing. The time-frequency representation is considered as an image, whose missing pixels are reconstructed by using compressive sensing recovery algorithms. As a time-frequency representation, the S-method is considered. The Compressive Sensing as a intensively growing novel approach for signal acquisition, ensures accurate signal reconstruction from relatively small percent of available information about the signal. The theory is verified by experimental results.

Measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections of the Higgs boson are presented, using the $\tau$ lepton decay channel. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, jet multiplicity, and transverse momentum of the leading jet in the event if any. The analysis is performed using proton-proton data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. These are the first differential measurements of the Higgs boson cross section in the final state of two $\tau$ leptons, and they constitute a significant improvement over measurements in other final states in events with a large jet multiplicity or with a Lorentz-boosted Higgs boson.

Measurements of differential and double-differential cross sections of top quark pair ($\text{t}\overline{\text{t}}$) production are presented in the lepton+jets channels with a single electron or muon and jets in the final state. The analysis combines for the first time signatures of top quarks with low transverse momentum $p_\text{T}$, where the top quark decay products can be identified as separated jets and isolated leptons, and with high $p_\text{T}$, where the decay products are collimated and overlap. The measurements are based on proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The cross sections are presented at the parton and particle levels, where the latter minimizes extrapolations based on theoretical assumptions. Most of the measured differential cross sections are well described by standard model predictions with the exception of some double-differential distributions. The inclusive $\text{t}\overline{\text{t}}$ production cross section is measured to be $\sigma_{\text{t}\overline{\text{t}}} = $ 791 $\pm$ 25 pb, which constitutes the most precise measurement in the lepton+jets channel to date.

V raziskavi smo uporabili podatke o 643 357 meritvah dnevnih meritev za količino mleka in vsebnosti beljakovin ter maščob pri 29 150 kravah slovenske črno bele pasme. V datoteko sorodstva smo dodali še 12 173 živali. Meritve so bile opravljene od marca 1986 do julija 1998. Model je vključeval sezono telitve, starost ob telitvi in stadij laktacije kot sistematske vplive ter naključne vplive črede, stalnega okolja in živali. Vpliv črede je pojasnil skoraj četrtino celotne variabilnosti za količino mleka in malo manj kot desetino za obe lastnosti vsebnosti. Delež variance za vpliv čreda je za količino mleka 0,23, za vsebnost maščobe 0,06 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,09. Podoben vpliv ima za vse tri lastnosti stalno okolje, saj delež variance znaša za količino mleka 0,23, za vsebnost maščobe 0,07 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,11. Dednostni delež za količino mleka je 0,20, za vsebnost maščobe 0,22 in za vsebnost beljakovin 0,25. Z uporabo tega modela v praksi bi že mlajšim živalim z manjšim številom meritev ali celo brez njih napovedali plemenske vrednosti. S tem bi skrajšali generacijski interval. Ob uvedbi tega modela v praksi je primerno preveriti ekonomske teže in proučiti korelacije med opazovanimi lastnostmi.

Napredek pri razvoju digitalne fotogrametrije ponuja nove možnosti tudi pri izdelavi gozdarskih tematskih kart. Prispevek opisuje razvoj fotointerpretacije in fotogrametrije v slovenskem gozdarstvu, tehnologijo izdelave ortofoto kart z osebnimi racunalniki. Kvaliteta in pozicijska natancnost ortokart (5 do 6 m) dovoljujeta vkljucitev otofoto sestojne karte v gozdarski prostorski informacijski sistem. To je gozdarskemu strokovnjaku odlicen pripomocek za odlocanje na razlicnih podrocjih.