María Cepeda

This document aims to provide an assessment of the potential of future colliding beam facilities to perform Higgs boson studies. The analysis builds on the submissions made by the proponents of future colliders to the European Strategy Update process, and takes as its point of departure the results expected at the completion of the HL-LHC program. This report presents quantitative results on many aspects of Higgs physics for future collider projects of sufficient maturity using uniform methodologies. A first version of this report was prepared for the purposes of discussion at the Open Symposium in Granada (13-16/05/2019). Comments and feedback received led to the consideration of additional run scenarios as well as a refined analysis of the impact of electroweak measurements on the Higgs coupling extraction.

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, was a success achieved with only a percent of the entire dataset foreseen for the LHC. It opened a landscape of possibilities in the study of Higgs boson properties, Electroweak Symmetry breaking and the Standard Model in general, as well as new avenues in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model. Six years after the discovery, with a conspicuously larger dataset collected during LHC Run 2 at a 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy, the theory and experimental particle physics communities have started a meticulous exploration of the potential for precision measurements of its properties. This includes studies of Higgs boson production and decays processes, the search for rare decays and production modes, high energy observables, and searches for an extended electroweak symmetry breaking sector. This report summarises the potential reach and opportunities in Higgs physics during the High Luminosity phase of the LHC, with an expected dataset of pp collisions at 14 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 ab$^{-1}$. These studies are performed in light of the most recent analyses from LHC collaborations and the latest theoretical developments. The potential of an LHC upgrade, colliding protons at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV and producing a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15 ab$^{-1}$, is also discussed.

This report comprises the outcome of five working groups that have studied the physics potential of the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) and the perspectives for a possible future high-energy LHC (HE-LHC).The working groups covered a broad range of topics: Standard Model measurements, studies of the properties ofthe Higgs boson, searches for phenomena beyond the Standard Model, flavor physics of heavy quarks and leptonsand studies of QCD matter at high density and temperature.The work is prepared as an input to the ongoing process of updating the European Strategy for Particle Physics,a process that will be concluded in May 2020.

A new silicon detector has been developed to provide the PHENIX experiment with precise charged particle tracking at forward and backward rapidity. The Forward Silicon Vertex Tracker (FVTX) was installed in PHENIX prior to the 2012 run period of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The FVTX is composed of two annular endcaps, each with four stations of silicon mini-strip sensors, covering a rapidity range of $1.2<|\eta|<2.2$ that closely matches the two existing PHENIX muon arms. Each station consists of 48 individual silicon sensors, each of which contains two columns of mini-strips with 75 $\mu$m pitch in the radial direction and lengths in the $\phi$ direction varying from 3.4 mm at the inner radius to 11.5 mm at the outer radius. The FVTX has approximately 0.54 million strips in each endcap. These are read out with FPHX chips, developed in collaboration with Fermilab, which are wire bonded directly to the mini-strips. The maximum strip occupancy reached in central Au-Au collisions is approximately 2.8%. The precision tracking provided by this device makes the identification of muons from secondary vertices away from the primary event vertex possible. The expected distance of closest approach (DCA) resolution of 200 $\mu$m or better for particles with a transverse momentum of 5 GeV/$c$ will allow identification of muons from relatively long-lived particles, such as $D$ and $B$ mesons, through their broader DCA distributions.

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, was a success achieved with only a percent of the entire dataset foreseen for the LHC. It opened a landscape of possibilities in the study of Higgs boson properties, Electroweak Symmetry breaking and the Standard Model in general, as well as new avenues in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model. Six years after the discovery, with a conspicuously larger dataset collected during LHC Run 2 at a 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy, the theory and experimental particle physics communities have started a meticulous exploration of the potential for precision measurements of its properties. This includes studies of Higgs boson production and decays processes, the search for rare decays and production modes, high energy observables, and searches for an extended electroweak symmetry breaking sector. This report summarises the potential reach and opportunities in Higgs physics during the High Luminosity phase of the LHC, with an expected dataset of pp collisions at 14 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 ab$^{-1}$. These studies are performed in light of the most recent analyses from LHC collaborations and the latest theoretical developments. The potential of an LHC upgrade, colliding protons at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV and producing a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15 ab$^{-1}$, is also discussed.

Exotic decays of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson into beyond-the-Standard Model particles are predicted in a wide range of well-motivated theories. The enormous samples of Higgs bosons that have been and will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider thus constitute one of the key discovery opportunities at that facility, particularly in the upcoming high-statistics high-luminosity run. Here we review recent theoretical work on models that predict or accommodate exotic Higgs decays, the status of current experimental searches, and look forward to future capabilities at dedicated Higgs factories and beyond.

The European Particle Physics Strategy Update (EPPSU) process takes a bottom-up approach, whereby the community is first invited to submit proposals (also called inputs) for projects that it would like to see realised in the near-term, mid-term and longer-term future. National inputs as well as inputs from National Laboratories are also an important element of the process. All these inputs are then reviewed by the Physics Preparatory Group (PPG), whose role is to organize a Symposium around the submitted ideas and to prepare a community discussion on the importance and merits of the various proposals. The results of these discussions are then concisely summarised in this Briefing Book, prepared by the Conveners, assisted by Scientific Secretaries, and with further contributions provided by the Contributors listed on the title page. This constitutes the basis for the considerations of the European Strategy Group (ESG), consisting of scientific delegates from CERN Member States, Associate Member States, directors of major European laboratories, representatives of various European organizations as well as invitees from outside the European Community. The ESG has the mission to formulate the European Strategy Update for the consideration and approval of the CERN Council.

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment prepares its Phase-2 upgrade for the high-luminosity era of the LHC operation (HL-LHC). Due to the increase of occupancy, trigger latency and rates, the full electronics of the CMS Drift Tube (DT) chambers will need to be replaced. In the new design, the time bin for the digitization of the chamber signals will be of around 1 ns, and the totality of the signals will be forwarded asynchronously to the service cavern at full resolution. The new backend system will be in charge of building the trigger primitives of each chamber. These trigger primitives contain the information at chamber level about the muon candidates position, direction, and collision time, and are used as input in the L1 CMS trigger. The added functionalities will improve the robustness of the system against ageing. An algorithm based on analytical solutions for reconstructing the DT trigger primitives, called Analytical Method, has been implemented both as a software C++ emulator and in firmware. Its performance has been estimated using the software emulator with simulated and real data samples, and through hardware implementation tests. Measured efficiencies are 96 to 98% for all qualities and time and spatial resolutions are close to the ultimate performance of the DT chambers. A prototype chain of the HL-LHC electronics using the Analytical Method for trigger primitive generation has been installed during Long Shutdown 2 of the LHC and operated in CMS cosmic data taking campaigns in 2020 and 2021. Results from this validation step, the so-called Slice Test, are presented.

Abstract We present details on the new Level-1 Global Trigger at CMS for the upcoming high-luminosity operation of the LHC. Our focus is on the newly developed firmware, which employs a bottom-up generic approach to enhance menu adaptability and accommodate the increase in upstream data. We also highlight our efficient pipelining strategy that ensures excellent routability at 480 MHz. Furthermore, we discuss the firmware implementation for three prototypes targeting Serenity boards, together with their current and future testing and validation endeavours.

Abstract The CMS detector will be upgraded to maintain, or even improve, the physics acceptance under the harsh data taking conditions foreseen during the High-Luminosity LHC operations. In particular, the trigger system (Level-1 and High Level Triggers) will be completely redesigned to utilize detailed information from sub-detectors at the bunch crossing rate: the upgraded Global Trigger will use high-precision trigger objects to provide the Level-1 decision. Besides cut-based algorithms, novel machine-learning-based algorithms will also be included in the Global Trigger to achieve a higher selection efficiency and detect unexpected signals. Implementation of these novel algorithms is presented, focusing on how the neural network models can be optimized to ensure a feasible hardware implementation. The performance and resource usage of the optimized neural network models are discussed in detail.

Results from the completed Phase 1 Upgrade of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger are presented. The upgrade was performed in two stages, with the first running in 2015 for proton and heavy ion collisions and the final stage for 2016 data taking. The Level-1 trigger has been fully commissioned and has been used by CMS to collect over 43 fb−1 of data since the start of the Run II of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The new trigger has been designed to improve the performance at high luminosity and large number of simultaneous inelastic collisions per crossing (pile-up). For this purpose it uses a novel design, the Time Multiplexed Trigger (TMT), which enables the data from an event to be processed by a single trigger processor at full granularity over several bunch crossings. The TMT design is a modular design based on the μTCA standard. The trigger processors are instrumented with Xilinx Virtex-7 690 FPGAs and 10 Gbps optical links. The TMT architecture is flexible and the number of trigger processors can be expanded according to the physics needs of CMS. Sophisticated and innovative algorithms are now the core of the first decision layer of the experiment. The system has been able to adapt to the outstanding performance of the LHC, which ran with an instantaneous luminosity well above design. The performance of the system for single physics objects are presented along with the optimizations foreseen to maintain the thresholds for the harsher conditions expected during the LHC Run II and Run III periods.

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, was a success achieved with only a percent of the entire dataset foreseen for the LHC. It opened a landscape of possibilities in the study of Higgs boson properties, Electroweak Symmetry breaking and the Standard Model in general, as well as new avenues in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model. Six years after the discovery, with a conspicuously larger dataset collected during LHC Run 2 at a 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy, the theory and experimental particle physics communities have started a meticulous exploration of the potential for precision measurements of its properties. This includes studies of Higgs boson production and decays processes, the search for rare decays and production modes, high energy observables, and searches for an extended electroweak symmetry breaking sector. This report summarises the potential reach and opportunities in Higgs physics during the High Luminosity phase of the LHC, with an expected dataset of pp collisions at 14 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3~ab$^{-1}$. These studies are performed in light of the most recent analyses from LHC collaborations and the latest theoretical developments. The potential of an LHC upgrade, colliding protons at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV and producing a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 15~ab$^{-1}$, is also discussed.

The barrel region of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is instrumented with Drift Tube (DT) detectors. This paper describes in full details the calibration of the DT hit reconstruction algorithm. After inter-channel synchronization has been verified through the appropriate hardware procedure, the time pedestals are extracted directly from the distribution of the recorded times. Further corrections for time-of-flight and time of signal propagation are applied as soon as the three-dimensional hit position within the DT chamber is known. The different effects of the time pedestal miscalibration on the two main hit reconstruction algorithms are shown. The drift velocity calibration algorithm is based on the meantimer technique. Different meantimer relations for different track angles and patterns of hit cells are used. This algorithm can also be used to determine the uncertainty on the reconstructed hit position.

The CMS drift tubes (DT) muon detector, built for withstanding the LHC expected integrated and instantaneous luminosities, will be used also in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) at a 5 times larger instantaneous luminosity and, consequently, much higher levels of radiation, reaching about 10 times the LHC integrated luminosity. Initial irradiation tests of a spare DT chamber at the CERN gamma irradiation facility (GIF++), at large (∼ O(100)) acceleration factor, showed ageing effects resulting in a degradation of the DT cell performance. However, full CMS simulations have shown almost no impact in the muon reconstruction efficiency over the full barrel acceptance and for the full integrated luminosity. A second spare DT chamber was moved inside the GIF++ bunker in October 2017. The chamber was being irradiated at lower acceleration factors, and only 2 out of the 12 layers of the chamber were switched at working voltage when the radioactive source was active, being the other layers in standby. In this way the other non-aged layers are used as reference and as a precise and unbiased telescope of muon tracks for the efficiency computation of the aged layers of the chamber, when set at working voltage for measurements. An integrated dose equivalent to two times the expected integrated luminosity of the HL-LHC run has been absorbed by this second spare DT chamber and the final impact on the muon reconstruction efficiency is under study. Direct inspection of some extracted aged anode wires presented a melted resistive deposition of materials. Investigation on the outgassing of cell materials and of the gas components used at the GIF++ are underway. Strategies to mitigate the ageing effects are also being developed. From the long irradiation measurements of the second spare DT chamber, the effects of radiation in the performance of the DTs expected during the HL-LHC run will be presented.

Introduction: E-cigarettes (e-cigs) are the most commonly used tobacco product among youth. While cigarette use has been associated with a history of depression, research on the associations of e-cig use and depressive symptoms remains limited. While other studies have looked at the incidence of depression among e-cig users, the VapeScan study also factors in dual users who both smoke cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that e-cig use is associated with seeking professional help for depression among young adult participants in the VapeScan Study. Methods: Participants aged 18 to 50 years were recruited from the greater New York area to participate in the VapeScan Study from May 2021 to October 2022. Participants were classified as exclusive current e-cig users (e-cig users), current e-cig and former cigarette users, current e-cig and cigarette users (dual users), or non-users of both e-cigs and cigarettes (controls); former vapers and exclusive cigarette users were excluded from the study. Participants self-reported if they had ever “seen a doctor or other health professional for depression.” Rates of professional care for depression were compared by logistic regression test. Logistic regression was used to test the association between e-cig use status and seeking professional help for depression, adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Results: Among 147 participants, mean (SD) age was 28 (8) years, 54.42% (80 of 147) of participants were assigned female at birth, 36.73% (54 of 147) were Non-Hispanic White (ETC). There were 29 e-cig users, 42 dual users, and 76 controls. Forty-one percent of e-cig users (12 of 29) had seen a health professional for depression versus 64% (27 of 42) of dual users and 29% (22 of 76) of controls (p-value=0.0014). After adjustment, compared to controls, e-cig users were 1.66 times more likely to have sought professional care for depression (95%CI: 0.59-4.71) and dual users were 7.90 times more likely (95%CI: 2.99-20.88). Conclusions: E-cig use, and particularly dual use of e-cigs and cigarettes, was associated with having sought professional help for depression among young adults. Persons presenting with depressive symptoms should be screened for tobacco product use, and vice versa, to ensure provision of evidence-based mental health and tobacco cessation programs.

Introducción El Laboratorio de Terapia Física de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato brinda atención a la población que presenta diferentes tipos de lesiones musculoesqueléticos y que requieren del servicio ofertado para poder disminuir el dolor, mejorar la movilidad y/o recuperar la movilidad, la gran demanda de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas ha ocasionado que los pacientes presenten problemas de salud ocasionados por los movimientos repetitivos y posturas forzadas Objetivos Determinar la incidencia de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos dentro de la población que acude al Laboratorio de Terapia Física. Método Se realiza un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo con respecto al registro de atención de pacientes que acuden al Laboratorio de Terapia Física durante los 12 meses del año 2022 que necesitan recibir un tratamiento fisioterapéutico, los datos recabados se tabulan en el programa Software SPSS Principales resultados Se evidenció que la población masculina tiene mayor incidencia de patologías, también, la edad en las que mas prevalecen son de 36 a 65 años, dentro de las patologías más frecuentes se presentaron las traumatológicas, neurológicas y las neuropediátricas con mayor predominio de incidencia en patologías traumatológicas con el 58%, el 40% correspondientes a afecciones neurológicas y el 2% con afecciones neuropediatricas. Conclusiones El análisis de la incidencia demostró que los trastornos musculo esqueléticos son la causa principal de ausentismo laboral en instituciones públicas como privadas y que implican un nivel de impacto económico, social, personal, predominando las patologías del sistema musculo esquelético y nervioso central, en estrecha relación con los procesos traumatológicos de los grupos etéreos señalados

Introducción Los trastornos musculo esqueléticos constituyen un problema de salud que afecta a empleadores y trabajadores de diferentes ámbitos laborales, ocasionando dolor, limitación funcional y limitación en la producción de las actividades. Las distintas formas de presentación de los trastornos musculo esqueléticos están englobadas en una gran variedad de enfermedades degenerativas o inflamatorias presentes en el aparato locomotor Objetivos Analizar los trastornos musculoesqueléticos atendidos en el Laboratorio de Terapia Física de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato en el año 2022, para fundamentación de la categorización Método Estudio descriptivo, observacional y de revisión bibliográfica, mediante la revisión de 100 historias clínicas Principales resultados Se categorizó los trastornos musculo esqueléticos en base al sistema de banderas presentadas en la evaluación fisioterapéutica, las banderas rojas obtuvieron un porcentaje nulo al no presentarse pacientes con necesidad de derivación médica, las banderas amarillas obtuvieron 60 % relacionados al factor psicológico, el 15 % presentó actitud negativa hacia el dolor frente al 25 % que presento una actitud positiva, el 40 % manifestó reducción de actividad laboral por miedo a complicaciones y el 20 % preocupación por su inactividad laboral. Finalmente el 40 % restante fue tratado sin novedad en el laboratorio de Terapia Física. Conclusiones La categorización en base al sistema de banderas fisioterapéutica permitió identificar dolor crónico frente a un trastorno musculo esquelético, la población presentó limitaciones físicas y funcionales afectando el rendimiento laboral, demostrando la importancia de la intervención fisioterapéutica para ayudar en la prevención, evolución, manejo y tratamiento de las lesiones musculo esqueléticas

Reading plays an important role in education, it facilitates the expression of ideas and thoughts, but this can be diminished by several external and personal factors such as lack of motivation. The objective of this research is to elaborate a didactic guide that contributes to the training of teachers at the Higher Basic Education level on strategies focused on encouraging reading in students of the Unidad Educativa General Medardo Alfaro, the population and sample is based on three teachers who teach the subject of Language and Literature at the Higher Basic Education level, The technique used was the interview and the instrument was the questionnaire, the results obtained show a deficient development in the competencies in the use of ICT, it was possible to conclude that the teachers have certain competencies to identify the problems that arise in the classroom about reading, the importance of learning to read is discussed.

En la actualidad la educación gira entorno a la inclusión, y en medir la capacidad de un sistema educativo para llegar a personas con discapacidad, y aún más si este sistema busca permanentemente herramientas que sirvan en los procesos de educación para personas con discapacidad intelectual, esta investigación se justifica cuando tiene como objetivos la búsqueda de un aprendizaje adecuado para la inserción en la sociedad y la independencia familiar de estas personas. En la educación actual bajo un currículo del año 2014, se incluye a niños y jóvenes con capacidades especiales y se planifica estrategias con herramientas que permitan la enseñanza-aprendizaje de forma igualitaria y equitativa, dirigiéndolo a personas con o sin discapacidad.

The CMS Level-1 calorimeter trigger is being upgraded in two stages to maintain performance as the LHC increases pile-up and instantaneous luminosity in its second run. In the first stage, improved algorithms including event-by-event pile-up corrections are used. New algorithms for heavy ion running have also been developed. In the second stage, higher granularity inputs and a time-multiplexed approach allow for improved position and energy resolution. Data processing in both stages of the upgrade is performed with new, Xilinx Virtex-7 based AMC cards.

During the High Luminosity LHC, the Drift Tube chambers installed in the CMS detector need to operate with an integrated dose ten times higher than expected at the LHC due to the increase in integrated luminosity from 300 fb-1 to 3000 fb-1. Irradiations have been performed to assess the performance of the detector under such conditions and to characterize the radiation aging of the detector. The presented analysis focuses on the behaviour of the high voltage currents and the dose measurements needed to extrapolate the results to High Luminosity conditions, using data from the photon irradiation campaign at GIF++ in 2016 as well as the efficiency analysis from the irradiation campaign started in 2017. Although the single-wire loss of high voltage gain observed of 70% is very high, the muon reconstruction efficiency is expected to decrease less than 20% during the full duration of High Luminosity LHC in the areas under highest irradiation.

National policies have encouraged the proliferation and development of the Academic Bodies (CA). This working model incorporates the dynamic collaborative in the designs and research proposals, pretending to have an impact on the teaching-learning process. From a quantitative analysis, describes the geography of the CA national. In Coahuila, in UAdeC and specifically in the Faculty of Science, Education and Humanities (FCEyH), CA's proposal to encourage research and improve the conditions of teachers has met with some weaknesses, which are located in two areas main: the working conditions of teachers and institutional support to promote the improvement of the CA. Pensions, next in the case of FCEyH, impacting leadership and project continuity. The workload affects the quality of academic work and availability to attend all assigned duties. Also, the limited support for participation in conferences, meetings, refresher courses and training, equipment and publications, impact in meeting the requirements, not only to acquire the status of bound to the CA, but for incorporating SNI researchers.

Exotic decays of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson into beyond-the-Standard Model particles are predicted in a wide range of well-motivated theories. The enormous samples of Higgs bosons that have been and will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider thus constitute one of the key discovery opportunities at that facility, particularly in the upcoming high-statistics high-luminosity run. Here we review recent theoretical work on models that predict or accommodate exotic Higgs decays, the status of current experimental searches, and look forward to future capabilities at dedicated Higgs factories and beyond.

Summary of the direct searches for exotic decays of h(125) performed by the CMS experiment.

Summary of the direct searches for exotic decays of h(125) performed by the CMS experiment.

Resumen: Eficiencia Energética consiste en optimizar la relación entre la cantidad de energía consumida y el servicio final obtenido, por medio de la implementación de medidas a niveles tecnológicos y de gestión.Desde el pasado hasta la actualidad, se han considerado distintos métodos para definir los términos de eficiencia energética en los tractores.En este documento se consideran las variaciones de clasificación que se producen en una muestra de tractores con distintos posibles métodos de clasificación, comparándolos entre ellos y estudiando las consideraciones que tienen dichos ensayos para ser usados en clasificación energética de tractores.Estos sistemas de clasificación son obtenidos de los sistemas de determinación de características de los tractores que se basan en el estudio de los códigos de ensayo de tractores de la OCDE.La clasificación de un método alternativo es comparada con respecto a las clasificaciones de eficiencia energética de tractores que se pueden justificar por el uso de los datos del ensayo de tractores de la OCDE, considerando la robustez de la

Resumen: Los huertos académicos son espacios destinados al cultivo de flores, plantas aromáticas, hortalizas, hierbas medicinales, y frutales a escala doméstica, en un entorno de infraestructuras universitarias.Este tipo de infraestructuras permiten, por parte del alumnado, la adquisición de conocimientos prácticos, que mejoran la comprensión de conceptos teóricos, competencia y concienciación del medio ecológico, incluyendo aspectos sobre seguridad y marketing agroalimentario.Estas instalaciones de huertos académicos dan viabilidad académica a los campos de prácticas de las infraestructuras universitarias para la realización de prácticas continuas, siguiendo un itinerario de cultivo y la convivencia con el entorno medioambiental y socioeconómico de la vida académica.Por ello se describen las competencias que las instalaciones de los huertos académicos permiten proporcionar al alumnado según los planes de estudio del Grado en Ingeniero Agrícola y Agroalimentario y la Orden CIN/323/2009, de 9 de febrero.Analizadas las competencias que se cubre con este tipo de proyectos, se evalúa la implantación del mismo en la ETSIAM de Albacete, después de la constitución del grupo docente, el desarrollo de una reglamentación de funcionamiento, los trabajos de replanteo, la creación y dotación de infraestructuras

To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will undergo a major upgrade in the coming years, referred to as High Luminosity LHC (HLLHC), aimed to increase its instantaneous luminosity, 5 times larger than the designed limit, and, consequently leading to high levels of radiation, with the goal to collect 10 times larger the original designed integrated luminosity. The drift tube chambers (DT) of CMS muon detector system is built to proficiently measure and trigger on muons in the harsh radiation environment expected during the HL-LHC era. Ageing studies are performed at the CERNs gamma ray irradiation facility (GIF++) by measuring the muon hit efficiency of these detectors at various LHC operation conditions. One such irradiation campaign was started in October 2017, when a spare MB2 chamber moved inside the bunker and irradiated at lower acceleration factors. Two out of twelve layers of the DT chamber were operated while being irradiated with the radioactive source and then their muon hit efficiency was calculated in coincidence with other ten layers which were kept on the standby. The chamber absorbed an integrated dose equivalent to two times the expected integrated luminosity of the HL-LHC. Investigation on the outgassing of cell materials and of the gas components used at the GIF++ are underway and strategies to mitigate the aging effects are also being developed. The effect of radiation on the performance of DT chamber and its impact on the overall muon reconstruction efficiency expected during the HL-LHC are presented.

The European Particle Physics Strategy Update (EPPSU) process takes a bottom-up approach, whereby the community is first invited to submit proposals (also called inputs) for projects that it would like to see realised in the near-term, mid-term and longer-term future. National inputs as well as inputs from National Laboratories are also an important element of the process. All these inputs are then reviewed by the Physics Preparatory Group (PPG), whose role is to organize a Symposium around the submitted ideas and to prepare a community discussion on the importance and merits of the various proposals. The results of these discussions are then concisely summarised in this Briefing Book, prepared by the Conveners, assisted by Scientific Secretaries, and with further contributions provided by the Contributors listed on the title page. This constitutes the basis for the considerations of the European Strategy Group (ESG), consisting of scientific delegates from CERN Member States, Associate Member States, directors of major European laboratories, representatives of various European organizations as well as invitees from outside the European Community. The ESG has the mission to formulate the European Strategy Update for the consideration and approval of the CERN Council.

Hemophagocytic Syndrome (HPS) or Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis is characterized by a dysregulation of the immune system with activation of macrophages and T lymphocytes, the product of an uncontrollable and excessive inflammatory response to different stimuli.The case of a patient with a history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) under current treatment is presented, a clinical picture of 10 days of evolution characterized by fever, anorexia and asthenia, on physical examination skin-mucosa paleness, dehydration, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly.Paraclinical tests are performed suggesting reactivation of infection by Cytomegalovirus (CMV), in addition, during its in-hospital evolution, marked pancytopenia is evidenced, with elevated ferritin values, a bone marrow biopsy is performed, observing proliferation of Histiocytes, the patient meets the diagnostic criteria for HPS proposed by the Histiocyte Society in 2004, treatment was instituted, however it presented a torpid evolution and reached death.It is concluded that the diagnosis of HPS is complex; it is usually overlapped by the underlying diseases, as is the case of this HIV patient with reactivation of CMV infection; both viruses by themselves are related to HPS; therefore, knowledge of the clinical and laboratory criteria of this entity is necessary to make an early diagnosis and establish timely treatment, thus reducing mortality.

Exotic decays of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson into beyond-the-Standard Model particles are predicted in a wide range of well-motivated theories. The enormous samples of Higgs bosons that have been and will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider thus constitute one of the key discovery opportunities at that facility, particularly in the upcoming high-statistics high-luminosity run. Here we review recent theoretical work on models that predict or accommodate exotic Higgs decays, the status of current experimental searches, and look forward to future capabilities at dedicated Higgs factories and beyond.

Exotic decays of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson into beyond-the-Standard Model particles are predicted in a wide range of well-motivated theories. The enormous samples of Higgs bosons that have been and will be produced at the Large Hadron Collider thus constitute one of the key discovery opportunities at that facility, particularly in the upcoming high-statistics high-luminosity run. Here we review recent theoretical work on models that predict or accommodate exotic Higgs decays, the status of current experimental searches, and look forward to future capabilities at dedicated Higgs factories and beyond.

Los Estados, desde su fundación, siendo entes previsores ante las posibles afectaciones a sus soberanías y autodeter­minación crean las organizaciones que con sus empeños garantizan su supervivencia; estas son las Fuerzas Armadas misionadas a la prevención de las amenazas y a dar las res­puestas adecuadas y oportunas. Junto con el desarrollo, el progreso, la evolución global y sus consecuencias, las ame­nazas cambian, mutan, y se crean hasta el punto de que las convencionales pasan a un lejano segundo plano ante la presencia de amenazas emergentes, que rompen los con­ceptos tradicionales del empleo de las Fuerzas Armadas, obligando a establecer doctrinas sobre nuevos e inimagi­nables paradigmas de las amenazas que sobrepasan todos los límites, convirtiéndose en crisis que llegan a trascender los espacios geográficos de los Estados donde se originan y pasan a ser crisis regionales o globales, esto debido a que al no poder preverse la amenaza, sus efectos, su alcance, le­talidad y consecuencias, las respuestas se hacen, de inicio, como simple acción inmediata fruto de la sorpresa, y por desconocerse la respuesta efectiva, así como el verdadero daño a la población, a las organizaciones del Estado o a sus objetivos nacionales, lo que compromete a todas las insti­tuciones, obliga al estamento político a su total atención, daña la economía y ocupa en su totalidad a las Fuerzas de la Defensa y de la Seguridad, tal es el caso de la pandemia COVID-19.