L. Spiegel

The production of the χ1 and χ2 states of charmonium has been observed in 300 GeV/c π±N and pN interactions. The fraction of the total inclusive J/ψ production due to radiative χ decay has been determined to be 0.40±0.04, 0.37±0.03, and 0.30±0.04 for the π+, π−, and proton data, respectively. Total cross sections have been obtained of 131±18±14 and 188±30±21 nb/nucleon in the 300 GeV/c π−N interactions for χ1 and χ2 production. By measuring the contributions to the J/ψ production due to both ψ’ and radiative χ decay, the cross sections for direct J/ψ production have been determined to be 97±14, 102±14, and 89±12 nb/nucleon for π+, π−, and protons, respectively.Received 21 October 1992DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.383©1993 American Physical Society

Hadroproduction of the $\frac{J}{\ensuremath{\psi}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ states has been studied in 300-GeV/c proton, antiproton, and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$Li interactions. Both total and differential cross sections in ${x}_{F}$ and ${p}_{T}$ have been measured for the $\frac{J}{\ensuremath{\psi}}$ for the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, proton, and antiproton interactions. The ratio of ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ to $\frac{J}{\ensuremath{\psi}}$ production has been determined for the four types of beam particles.

We present the xF and pT differential cross sections of J/ψ and ψ′, respectively, in the ranges −0.05<xF<0.25 and pT<3.5GeV/c. The data samples are constituted by about 12 000 J/ψ and 200 ψ′ produced in proton-silicon interactions at 800 GeV/c and decaying into opposite sign muons. The xF and pT distributions are compared with recent results from experiments E789 at the same energy and to leading order QCD predictions using the MRS D0 parametrization for the parton structure function. The measured shapes of the differential cross sections, except for the dσ/dxF at small xF, agree very well with the prediction, even though their value is quite a bit larger than the prediction. We also present the cosθ differential cross section of the J/ψ which indicates unpolarized production in contrast with color octet models predictions.Received 30 July 1996DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.55.3927©1997 American Physical Society

A search has been made in 300 GeV/c ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$- and proton-Li interactions for production of states that decay into J/\ensuremath{\psi} or \ensuremath{\psi}' plus one or two pions. A 2.5\ensuremath{\sigma} enhancement in the J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{0}$ spectrum, possibly the recently reported $^{1}$${\mathit{P}}_{1}$ state of charmonium, is observed at a mass of 3.527 GeV/${\mathit{c}}^{2}$. In the J/\ensuremath{\psi} plus two pion mass spectrum, we report, together with the expected \ensuremath{\psi}'\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{+}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$, the tentative observation of a structure at a mass of 3.836 GeV/${\mathit{c}}^{2}$. No enhancements are seen in the J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{0}$, J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, or \ensuremath{\psi}' ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ mass spectra.

The cross section for bb¯ production in 800GeV/c pN interactions has been measured in Fermilab experiment E771 to be 43−17+27(stat)−7+7(syst)nb per nucleon from the observation of events in which both the b and the b¯ decay semimuonically or a B decays into a J/ψ followed by J/ψ→μ+μ−.Received 7 July 1997DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.41©1999 American Physical Society

We report on the analysis of Charmonium and Bottomium states produced in p-Si interactions at s=38.7 GeV. The data have been collected with the open geometry spectrometer of the E771 Experiment at the FNAL High Intensity Lab. Jψ, ψ′ and γ total cross sections as well as the ratio B(ψ′ → μμ)σ(ψ′)(B(Jψ → μμ)σ(Jψ)) have been measured. Results are compared with theoretical predictions and with results at other energies.

The radiation damage experience of the silicon vertex detector used in the CDF experiment during the 1993–1995 collider run is described. The detector is single sided, AC coupled, FOXFET biased, and uses radiation hard readout chips. The detector's noise is seen to increase anomalously with radiation dose.

The cross sections for the hadroproduction of the χ1 and χ2 states of charmonium in proton-silicon collisions at √s=38.8 GeV have been measured in Fermilab fixed target experiment 771. The χ states were observed via their radiative decay to J/ψγ, where the photon converted to e+e− in the material of the spectrometer. The estimated values for the χ1 and χ2 cross sections for xF>0 are 263±69(stat)±32(syst) and 498±143(stat)±67(syst) nb per nucleon, respectively. The resulting σ(χ1)/σ(χ2) ratio of 0.53±0.20(stat)±0.07(syst), although somewhat larger than most theoretical expectations, can be accommodated by the latest theoretical estimates.Received 20 July 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.62.032006©2000 American Physical Society

With an expected 10-fold increase in luminosity in S-LHC, the radiation environment in the tracker volumes will be considerably harsher for silicon-based detectors than the already harsh LHC environment. Since 2006, a group of CMS institutes, using a modified CMS DAQ system, has been exploring the use of Magnetic Czochralski silicon as a detector element for the strip tracker layers in S-LHC experiments. Both p+/n-/n+ and n+/p-/p+ sensors have been characterized, irradiated with proton and neutron sources, assembled into modules, and tested in a CERN beamline. There have been three beam studies to date and results from these suggest that both p+/n-/n+ and n+/p-/p+ Magnetic Czochralski silicon are sufficiently radiation hard for the R>25cm regions of S-LHC tracker volumes. The group has also explored the use of forward biasing for heavily irradiated detectors, and although this mode requires sensor temperatures less than −50 °C, the charge collection efficiency appears to be promising.

We present a measurement and comparison of the ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}$ production cross sections determined from interactions of 300-GeV/c ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ and $p$ with a Li target. We find $\frac{{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}}{{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}}$ production ratios of $0.52_{\ensuremath{-}0.27}^{}{}_{}{}^{+0.57}$ and $0.08_{\ensuremath{-}0.15}^{}{}_{}{}^{+0.25}$ from reactions induced by ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ and $p$, respectively.

A preshower detector consisting of plastic scintillating plates with optical-fiber readout was tested at the Fermilab meson beamline. The detector was placed at a depth of about 1.5X0, followed by an electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter, and exposed to positron, positively charged pion and positive muon beams with energies in the range of 5–227 GeV. Multianode phototubes, HAMAMATSU R5900-M16, were used for the photon readout. The efficiency for detecting two minimum ionizing particles with noise occupancy of <1% was 90–100% for gains of (1–4)×105. It was also found that by requiring an appropriately large signal in the preshower detector, the rate of charged pions depositing a large fraction of energy in the electromagnetic calorimeter could be reduced by a factor of 1.4–2.0 (1.4–2.8) while keeping 95% (90%) efficiency for positrons.

We have searched for the flavor changing neutral current decay ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ in the dimuon data obtained by the E771 experiment conducted at Fermilab. No evidence is found. A 90% confidence level upper limit of $4.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ is obtained for the branching ratio. This new upper limit is about two times lower than the best published result.

Three dimensional integrated circuit technologies offer the possibility of fabricating large area arrays of sensors integrated with complex electronics with minimal dead area, which makes them ideally suited for applications at the LHC upgraded detectors and other future detectors. We describe ongoing R&D efforts to demonstrate functionality of components of such detectors. This includes the study of integrated 3D electronics with active edge sensors to produce "active tiles" which can be tested and assembled into arrays of arbitrary size with high yield.

We describe technologies which can be developed to produce large area, low cost pixelated tracking detec- tors. These utilize wafer-scale 3D electronics and sensor technologies currently being developed in industry. This can result in fully active sensor/readout chip tiles which can be assembled into large area arrays with good yield and minimal dead area. The ability to connect though the bulk of the device can also provide better electrical performance and lower mass.

In High-Energy Physics experiments it is often necessary to evaluate the global statistical significance of apparent resonances observed in invariant mass spectra. One approach to determining significance is to use simulated events to find the probability of a random fluctuation in the background mimicking a real signal. As a high school summer project, we demonstrate a method with Monte Carlo simulated events to evaluate the global significance of a potential resonance with some assumptions. This method for determining significance is general and can be applied, with appropriate modification, to other resonances.

Experiment 705 at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory has designed, built, and operated a large acceptance, highly segmented electromagnetic shower calorimeter using SF5 lead glass, SCG1-C scintillating glass, and two types of gas-based fine-grained hodoscopes. The calorimeter was used to reconstruct photons and electrons with energies ranging from a few GeV/c2 to over 100 GeV/c2 in 300 GeV/c pion and proton interactions on a lithium target at instantaneous interaction rates approaching several MHz. Construction details of the calorimeter are given. The readout electronics, calibration, and algorithms used to reconstruct the positions and energies of showering particles are discussed. Energy resolution, position resolution, and reconstruction efficiency are assessed using both calibration electron beams and electrons and π0 mesons reconstructed in 300 GeV/c interactions.

This paper describes the final incarnation of the Fermilab High Intensity Lab spectrometer which operated for ten years in the Proton West Area of Fermilab in the execution of two experiments (E537 and E705) which studied hadroproduction of high mass dimuon pairs. The version of the spectrometer used in E771 differed from earlier versions of the spectrometer by the addition of a silicon microstrip detector, pad chambers and resistive plate counters. These additions were implemented to give the spectrometer the capability of detection of secondary decay vertices from B → μ or B → Jψ → μμ decays. As discussed, the spectrometer in a short data taking period was able to address many kinds of physics, other than beauty decays.

A fine-grain hodoscope to measure the position of showers in the outer (>52 cm) region of the E-705 electromagnetic calorimeter is described. The hodoscope is constructed with two layers of vertical conducting plastic tubes for the X position measurement of showers. Y position measurement of showers was accomplished by cathode-induced horizontal strips. A 50/50-ethane mixture bubbled through isopropyl alcohol at 0 degrees C was circulated through the tubes in parallel. The tubes were operated at +1.925 kV on the wire (below the region of saturated avalanche) in the limited proportionality mode. The hodoscope is described, and results are presented for the position resolution, shower width, and charge detected as a function of calibration electron energy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

We describe a project to demonstrate fully active sensor/readout chip tiles which can be assembled into large area arrays with good yield and minimal dead area. Such tiles can be used as building blocks for next generation trackers, such as the tracking trigger system for CMS in LHC, or for precise, low mass pixelated sensors.

Details of the construction of high-rate, mid-sized (1-m*2-m) pad chambers, intended for use in Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) experiment E-771, are described. Each gas volume module represents a chamber doublet: two identical anode wire planes, two transverse strip planes, and two pad planes. Wire signals, from 8-mm square cells, are recorded via TDCs; corresponding stripe and pad image signals are latched. Pad sizes range from 0.8 cm*3.6 cm to 3.2 cm*35 cm. In addition to facilitating pattern recognition, pad signals are also used as inputs to an online, high transverse momentum trigger processor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The short-term prospects for Fermilab experiment E771 - devoted to the hadroproduction of beauty - are described as well as the major characteristics of the spectrometer. Expectations for detection and reconstruction of exclusive B decay channels are discussed.

The CMS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider features as its innermost component a silicon pixel detector. The original pixel detector was completely replaced during the 2016-2017 winter technical stop. One of the goals of this Phase-1 Upgrade of the pixel detector was to replace the sensors in the original CMS forward pixel detector with new, unirradiated sensors. The new CMS forward pixel detector must survive an integrated luminosity of 300 fb$^{-1}$ before being replaced again prior to the High-Luminosity LHC era. Just as in the original construction, the Phase-1 forward pixel sensors were made of n$^{+}$-in-n Diffusion Oxygenated Float Zone silicon. This note documents the quality spot-checking of the new sensors, comparing our results with those provided by the vendor. In general there was good agreement between the results.

The design and performance of a 4.2-radiation-length, lead-sandwich, gas tube hodoscope are discussed. The device, measuring 1*2 m/sup 2/ in area and 12 cm in depth, was used in Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory experiment 705. Multiple samplings of anode wires situated within three-walled aluminum tubes were used to generate an X coordinate; similarly, capacitively coupled copper-clad strips were ganged together to yield a Y coordinate. The results reviewed of an analysis of electron calibration data taken during a recent six-month running period are reviewed. The position resolution (in millimeters) is seen to be 0.8+3.3/ square root E+31/E for the 9.92 mm-spaced wires and 0.6+3.2/ square root E+32 for the 12.5-mm strips, where E represents the electron beam energy in GeV. The correlation between energy as measured by the wires and energy as measured by the strips is fairly tight, with an asymmetry RMS (root mean square) for 30-GeV electrons of about 4%.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

A 544-channel low-noise, high-rate precision charge-amplification and ADC (analog/digital converter) system was constructed for the Fermilab Experiment 705 electromagnetic calorimeter, which uses SCG1-C scintillating glass and SF5 lead glass instrumented with photomultiplier tubes. A general discussion of the system is given, and the charge amplification, fast-trigger-pulse generation, and analog/digital conversion aspects of the system are presented in more detail. Performance is evaluated using data from Experiment 705 and from offline tests. Short- and long-term pedestal stability, baseline recovery and rate capability, linearity of response, and crosstalk between channels are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Hadronic charm production was investigated with a two-arm magnetic spectrometer. The experiment was triggered on muons from the semileptonic decay of charm particles in one arm while reconstructing the mass of the associatively produced partners in the other arm. An excess of 153±46 combinations above background for the neutral D→Kπ mode was observed. This corresponds to a model-dependent DD¯ production cross section of 41±12+15−11 μb per nucleon, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.Received 9 September 1991DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.45.2244©1992 American Physical Society

The hadronic production of charmed states was studied in a two-arm spectrometer using a 205-GeV/c negative-pion beam incident upon a beryllium target. One arm, filled with dense absorber, triggered the detectors upon the passage of a muon with a moderate transverse momentum and a total momentum of at least 4 GeV/c. The other arm was an open-geometry magnetic spectrometer which had both neutral- and charged-particle identification capabilities. The apparatus, the data, and an invariant-mass-plot search for evidence of charmed-meson production through several charged-particle decay modes are described. The K\ensuremath{\pi}, K\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}, and K\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi} mass plots fail to reveal significant D-meson signals. Based upon the K\ensuremath{\pi} mass plots, the 95%-confidence upper limit on the DD\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} production cross section is found to be less than 51 \ensuremath{\mu}b per nucleon for the production models tested. A search for evidence of charged-${D}^{\mathrm{*}}$ production yields 30\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}16 combinations above background in association with the expected trigger muon charge. Interpreted as a ${D}^{\mathrm{*}}$ signal, this excess corresponds to a model-dependent inclusive DD\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} production cross section of 34\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}${18}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}9}^{+14}$ \ensuremath{\mu}b per nucleon. Model-dependent upper limits on the ratio of the F to D cross sections are also presented.

The inclusive cross section for charged-D* production by 205-GeV/c π− mesons incident on a beryllium target was measured with a two-arm spectrometer triggered by prompt muons. Using the mass-difference technique often employed in D* studies, a signal of 31±11 charged D*’s was isolated; it includes contributions from both the D*+ and D*− charged modes in correlation with triggering muons of the proper charge. This corresponds to an inclusive charged-D* production cross section of 220±77+77−57 μb per Be nucleus or 24±9+9−6 μb per nucleon when the cross section is scaled linearly with atomic mass number. The first error is statistical and the second is systematic.Received 17 October 1988DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.39.2494©1989 American Physical Society

Muon and electron production in association with prompt muons has been studied in a 200-GeV/c ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-Be interaction at Fermilab. The prompt dimuon cross section was found to be 3.3 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.6 \ensuremath{\mu}b per nucleon. The cross section for muon-electron production was found to be 0.12 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.04 \ensuremath{\mu}b. The relative yields of prompt muons at low ${x}_{\mathrm{F}}$ and moderate ${p}_{t}$ from charm and electromagnetic sources are also reported.

Six medium-sized ({approx}1 {times} 2 m{sup 2}) drift chambers with pad and stripe readout have been constructed for and are presently operating in Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory experiment E-771. Each chamber module actually represents a pair of identical planes: two sets of anode wires, two sets of stripes, and two sets of pads. The wire planes are read out separately and represent X measurements in the coordinate system of the experiment. The twin stripe and pad planes are internally paired within the chamber modules; stripe signals represent Y measurements and pad signals combination X and Y measurements. Signals which develop on the stripes and pads are mirror (but inverted) images of what is seen on the wires. In addition to being used in the off-line pattern recognition, pad signals are also used as inputs to an on-line high transverse momentum (pt) trigger processor. While the techniques involved in the design and construction of the chambers are not novel, they may be of interest to experiments contemplating very large area, high rate chambers for future spectrometers.

Man computer roles and hardware requirements for navigation and guidance in deep space manned missions

T. Alexopoulos, 1 L. Antoniazzi, 2 M. Arenton, 3 H. C. Ballagh, 4 H. Bingham, 4 A. Blankman, 5 M. Block, 6 A. Boden, 7 G. Bonomi, 2 Z. L. Cao, 3 T. Y. Chen, 8 K. Clark, 9 D. Cline, 7 S. Conetti, 3 M. Cooper, 10 G. Corti, 3 B. Cox, 3 P. Creti, 11 C. Dukes, 3 C. Durandet, 1 V. Elia, 11 A. R. Erwin, 1 L. Fortney, 12 V. Golovatyuk, 11 E. Gorini, 11 F. Grancagnolo, 11 K. Hagan-Ingram, 3 M. Haire, 13 P. Hanlet, 3 M. He, 14 G. Introzzi, 2 M. Jenkins, 9 D. Judd, 13 W. Kononenko, 5 W. Kowald, 12 K. Lau, 15 A. Ledovskoy, 3 G. Liguori, 2 J. Lys, 4 P. O. Mazur, 16 A. McManus, 3 S. Misawa, 4 G. H. Mo, 15 C. T. Murphy, 16 K. Nelson, 3 M. Panareo, 11 V. Pogosian, 3 S. Ramachandran, 7 J. Rhoades, 7 W. Selove, 5 R. P. Smith, 16 L. Spiegel, 16 J. G. Sun, 3 S. Tokar, 17 P. Torre, 2 J. Trischuk, 18 L. Turnbull, 13 D. E. Wagoner, 13 C. R. Wang, 14 C. Wei, 12 W. Yang, 16 N. Yao, 8 N. J. Zhang, 14 and B. T. Zou 12 University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 University and INFN of Pavia, Pavia, Italy University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024 Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688 Vanier College, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4L 3X9 University and INFN of Lecce, Lecce, Italy Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706 Prairie View A&M, Prairie View, Texas 77446 Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204 Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois 60510 Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2T8 ~Received 30 July 1996!

The E705 scintillation glass/lead glass electromagnetic calorimeter is described. The trigger used for recording high transverse momentum direct photon signals from 300 GeV/c π−, π+, $$\bar{p} $$ , p interactions in a Li7 target is explained. Preliminary results on the response of this direct photon trigger and electromagnetic calorimeter and expected event sensitivities are presented.

Three multiwire proportional chambers (MWPCs) with high-rate capability have been constructed for Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory experiment 705 (charmonium and direct photon production by pi /sup +or-/,p and p at 300 GeV/c). Each chamber, with a sensitive area of 308 cm/sup 2/, consists of three anode planes, wound with 12.5- mu m-diameter gold-plated tungsten/rhenium wire, facing 25- mu m graphite-coated kapton cathode planes at a distance of 3 mm. Wire spacing is 0.75 mm in two of the MWPCs and 1.00 mm in the third one. After a few weeks of running on 'magic gas' with a beam flux of up to approximately 10/sup 7/ particles/cm/sup 2/ s, severe damage occurred to the graphite coating. All cathode planes were replaced by aluminized kapton, and the chambers worked successfully for the next three months until the end of the run, when a 10% efficiency drop was observed after a total accumulated charge of approximately 1 C/cm of sense wire. After the end of the run the chambers were disassembled and inspected. A white deposit with a characteristic wire pattern etched away from the Al coating was observed in the region of the beam spot.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

A silicon strip detector (SSD) system for use in very high rate experiments has been operated in Experiment E771 (Cox, 1989) at the Fermi National Accelerator laboratory. The detector electronics were designed (Swoboda, 1990; Bowden, 1990; Zimmerman, 1989; Christian, 1991) to meet the specific needs of Fermilab experiment E771 using ASIC chip sets where commercial circuits were not suitable. The electronics for the SSD were designed to operate at rates up to 60 Mhz and were operated at interaction rates up to 107 interaction/sec (beam rates of 2 × 108 proton/sec). In addition to being very fast, the detector for the 1991 run was very compact with 10000 channels of active detector in a volume fo 5cm × 5cm × 10cm. An expansion of the system to 16000 channels is planned for the next Fermilab fixed target run. The strip pitch ranged from 25 μm in the center of the detector near the target to 100 μm pitch at the most downstream, outer edges of the detector. The readout is a latch design with pipelined readout and appears to have single strip efficiencies of ≈ 75% even in the presence of a high radiation dose (∽ 1014 protons/cm2) and high leakage currents(≈ 1 nA/strip). The detector and associated amplifier electronics has presently been operated at 17° C and is designed to operate as low as 8° C.

Recent results from fixed target experiments in the field of heavy quark flavors, as published or otherwise disseminated in the last year, are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on distilling the main conclusions from these results.