K. F. Chen

We report the first observation of a narrow charmmonium state produced in the exclusive decay process B+->K+ pi+pi- J/psi. This state, which decays into pi+pi-J/psi, has a mass of 3871.8+-0.7(stat)+-0.4(syst) MeV, which is very near the M_D + M_D* mass threshold. The results are based on an analysis of 152M BBbar events collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance in the Belle detector at the KEKB collider.

A distinct peak is observed in the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ invariant mass distribution near 4.43 GeV in $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ decays. A fit using a Breit-Wigner resonance shape yields a peak mass and width of $M=4433\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$ and $\ensuremath{\Gamma}={45}_{\ensuremath{-}13}^{+18}(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}13}^{+30}(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$. The product branching fraction is determined to be $\mathcal{B}\mathbf{(}{B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}{Z}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}(4430)\mathbf{)}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}\mathbf{(}{Z}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}(4430)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\mathbf{)}=(4.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.4(\mathrm{syst}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$, where ${Z}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}(4430)$ is used to denote the observed structure. The statistical significance of the observed peak is $6.5\ensuremath{\sigma}$. These results are obtained from a $605\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample that contains $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We study B→K(*)ℓ+ℓ− decays (ℓ=e, μ) based on a data sample of 657×106 BB¯ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− collider. We report the differential branching fraction, isospin asymmetry, K* polarization, and the forward-backward asymmetry (AFB) as functions of q2=Mℓℓ2c2. The fitted AFB spectrum exceeds the standard model expectation by 2.7 standard deviations. The measured branching fractions are B(B→K*ℓ+ℓ−)=(10.7−1.0+1.1±0.9)×10−7 and B(B→Kℓ+ℓ−)=(4.8−0.4+0.5±0.3)×10−7, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic, with the muon to electron ratios RK*=0.83±0.17±0.08 and RK=1.03±0.19±0.06.Received 5 April 2009DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.171801©2009 American Physical Society

The cross section for ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ between 3.8 and $5.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ is measured using a $548\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample collected on or near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. A peak near $4.25\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$, corresponding to the so called $Y(4260)$, is observed. In addition, there is another cluster of events at around $4.05\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$. A fit using two interfering Breit-Wigner shapes describes the data better than one that uses only the $Y(4260)$, especially for the lower-mass side of the 4.25 GeV enhancement.

We report the first observation of two resonance-like structures in the pi+ chi_c1 invariant mass distribution near 4.1 GeV/c^2 in exclusive B0-bar --> K- pi+ chi_c1 decays. From a Dalitz plot analysis in which the pi+ chi_c1 mass structures are represented by Breit-Wigner resonance amplitudes, we determine masses and widths of: M_1 = (4051 +-14 +20-41) MeV/c^2, Gamma_1 = (82 +21-17 +47-22) MeV, M_2 = (4248 +44-29 +180-35}) MeV/c^2, and Gamma_2 =(177 +54-39 +316-61) MeV; and product branching fractions of BF(B0-bar --> K- Z+_1,2) x BF(Z+_1,2 --> pi+ chi_c1) = (3.0 +1.5-0.8 +3.7-1.6) x 10^-5 and (4.0 +2.3-0.9 +19.7-0.5) x 10^-5 respectively. Here the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic. The significance of each of the pi+ chi_c1 structures exceeds 5 sigma, including the systematic uncertainty from various fit models. This analysis is based on 657 x 10^6 BB-bar events collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

We report the first observation of a near-threshold enhancement in the D(0)D[over](0)pi(0) system from B-->D(0)D[over](0)pi(0)Kappa decays using a 414 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The enhancement peaks at a mass M=3875.2+/-0.7(+0.3)/(-1.6) +/-0.8 MeV/c2 and the branching fraction for events in the peak is B(B-->D(0)D[over](0)pi(0)Kappa)=(1.22+/-0.31(+0.23)/(-0.30))x10(-4). The data were collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+ e- collider.

We present an improved measurement of the branching fraction for the electroweak penguin process B->Xsll, where l is an electron or a muon and Xs is a hadronic system containing an s-quark. The measurement is based on a sample of 152*10^6 Upsilon(4S) -> BB events collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy asymmetric e+e- collider. The Xs hadronic system is reconstructed from one K^{+-} or K^{0}_{S} and up to four pions, where at most one pion can be neutral. Averaging over both lepton flavors, the inclusive branching fraction is measured to be Br(B->Xsll)=(4.11+-0.83(stat)+0.85-0.81(syst))*10^{-6} for M_ll > 0.2GeV/c2.

We report an observation of the decay B{0}-->D{*-}tau{+}nu{tau} in a data sample containing 535x10{6} BB pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e{+}e{-} collider. We find a signal with a significance of 5.2sigma and measure the branching fraction B(B{0}-->D{*-}tau{+}nu{tau})=(2.02{-0.37}{+0.40}(stat)+/-0.37(syst))%. This is the first observation of an exclusive B decay with a b-->ctaunu{tau} transition.

We present a study of the decay τ−→KSπ−ντ using a 351 fb−1 data sample collected with the Belle detector. The analysis is based on 53,110 lepton-tagged signal events. The measured branching fraction B(τ−→KSπ−ντ)=(0.404±0.002(stat.)±0.013(syst.))% is consistent with the world average value and has better accuracy. An analysis of the KSπ− invariant mass spectrum reveals contributions from the K∗(892)− as well as other states. For the first time the K∗(892)− mass and width have been measured in τ decay: M(K∗(892)−)=(895.47±0.20(stat.)±0.44(syst.)±0.59(mod.))MeV/c2, Γ(K∗(892)−)=(46.2±0.6(stat.)±1.0(syst.)±0.7(mod.))MeV. The K∗(892)− mass is significantly different from the current world average value.

We present improved measurements of CP-violation parameters in B0→ϕK0, η′K0, K0SK0SK0S decays based on a sample of 535×106 B¯¯¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+e− collider. We obtain sin2ϕeff1=+0.64±0.10(stat)±0.04(syst) for B0→η′K0, +0.50±0.21(stat)±0.06(syst) for B0→ϕK0, and +0.30±0.32(stat)±0.08(syst) for B0→K0SK0SK0S decays. We have observed CP violation in the B0→η′K0 decay with a significance of 5.6 standard deviations. We also perform an improved measurement of CP asymmetries in B0→J/ψK0 decays and obtain sin2ϕ1=+0.642±0.031(stat)±0.017(syst).Received 2 October 2006DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.031802©2007 American Physical Society

We report a measurement of ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{-}{\overline{D}}^{0}$ mixing parameters in ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decays using a time-dependent Dalitz-plot analysis. We first assume $CP$ conservation and subsequently allow for $CP$ violation. The results are based on $540\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. Assuming negligible $CP$ violation, we measure the mixing parameters $x=(0.80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.29}_{\ensuremath{-}0.07\ensuremath{-}0.14}^{+0.09+0.10})%$ and $y=(0.33\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.24}_{\ensuremath{-}0.12\ensuremath{-}0.08}^{+0.08+0.06})%$, where the errors are statistical, experimental systematic, and systematic due to the Dalitz decay model, respectively. Allowing for $CP$ violation, we obtain the $CP$-violating parameters $|q/p|={0.86}_{\ensuremath{-}0.29\ensuremath{-}0.03}^{+0.30+0.06}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08$ and $\mathrm{arg}(q/p)=(\ensuremath{-}{14}_{\ensuremath{-}18\ensuremath{-}3\ensuremath{-}4}^{+16+5+2})\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$.

We report a measurement of the exclusive e+e−→D(*)±D*∓ cross section as a function of center-of-mass energy near the D(*)±D*∓ threshold with initial-state radiation. A partial reconstruction technique is used to increase the efficiency and to suppress background. The analysis is based on a data sample collected with the Belle detector with an integrated luminosity of 547.8 fb−1.Received 12 January 2007DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.092001©2007 American Physical Society

We present a new measurement of the unitarity triangle angle phi3 using a Dalitz plot analysis of the KsPi+Pi- decay of the neutral D meson produced in B->D(*)K decays. The method exploits the interference between D0 and D0bar to extract the angle phi3, strong phase delta and the ratio r of suppressed and allowed amplitudes. We apply this method to a 605 fb-1 data sample collected by the Belle experiment. The analysis uses three decays: B->DK, and B->D*K with D*->DPi0 and D*->Dgamma, as well as the corresponding charge-conjugate modes. From a combined maximum likelihood fit to the three modes, we obtain phi3 = 78.4^+10.8_-11.6 +- 3.6 (syst) +- 8.9 (model) degrees. CP conservation in this process is ruled out at the confidence level (1-CL)=5x10^-4, or 3.5 standard deviations.

In this article, we study the stability analysis and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_\infty$</tex-math></inline-formula> controller synthesis problems for networked systems with random transmission delays and packet dropouts that are subject to noisy sampling intervals. The sampling errors and transmission delays are described by an independent and identically distributed sequence of continuous random variables and the transmission delays are assumed to be smaller than the noisy sampling intervals. First, a closed-loop discrete-time stochastic framework for networked system that allows investigating noisy sampling intervals, random transmission delays, and packet dropouts simultaneously is established. To render the discrete-time stochastic system suitable for stability analysis and synthesis, an equivalent yet tractable stochastic augmented model is then reformulated with the help of matrix exponential computation. Based on this augmented model, a stability condition involving the expectation of a nonlinear and random coupling matrix is derived. By recurring to the law of total expectation and Kronecker product operation, the expectation operation of the coupling matrix subject to high nonlinearity and multiple randomness is decoupled. Subsequently, a controller algorithm is designed such that the exponential mean-square stability of the original discrete-time stochastic system with a prescribed <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_\infty$</tex-math></inline-formula> performance is guaranteed. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the controller design algorithm.

We report the observation of the decay mode ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ based on an analysis of $29.4{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB. This is the first example of a $b\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s$ transition with baryons in the final state. The $p\overline{p}$ mass spectrum in this decay is inconsistent with phase space and is peaked at low mass. The branching fraction for this decay is measured to be $B({B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}[{4.3}_{\ensuremath{-}0.9}^{+1.1}(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5(\mathrm{syst})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$. We also report upper limits for the decays ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}{K}_{S}$ and ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$.

We have performed a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decay tau -> mu gamma using a data sample of 86.3fb^{-1} accumulated by the Belle detector at KEK. No evidence for a signal is seen, and we set an upper limit for the branching fraction of B(tau -> mu gamma) < 3.1 x 10^{-7} at the 90% confidence level.

We present a high-statistics measurement of differential cross sections and the total cross section for the process $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ in the kinematic range $0.6\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}\ensuremath{\le}W\ensuremath{\le}4.0\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ and $|\mathrm{cos}{\ensuremath{\theta}}^{*}|\ensuremath{\le}0.8$, where $W$ and ${\ensuremath{\theta}}^{*}$ are the energy and pion scattering angle, respectively, in the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ center-of-mass system. Differential cross sections are fitted to obtain information on S, ${\mathrm{D}}_{0}$, ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$, ${\mathrm{G}}_{0}$, and ${\mathrm{G}}_{2}$ waves. The G waves are important above $W\ensuremath{\simeq}1.6\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. The general behavior of partial waves is studied by fitting differential cross sections in a simple parametrization where amplitudes contain resonant contributions and smooth background. The ${\mathrm{D}}_{2}$ wave is dominated by the ${f}_{2}(1270)$ meson whose parameters are consistent with the current world averages. The ${\mathrm{D}}_{0}$ wave contains a ${f}_{2}(1270)$ component, whose fraction is fitted. For the S wave, the ${f}_{0}(980)$ parameters are found to be consistent with the values determined from our recent ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ data. In addition to the ${f}_{0}(980)$, the S wave prefers to have another resonance-like contribution whose parameters are obtained.

We present a precise measurement of the standard model $CP$-violation parameter $\mathrm{sin}2{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{1}$, the direct $CP$ violation parameter $|\ensuremath{\lambda}|$, the lifetimes of charged and neutral $B$ mesons and their ratio, and the ${B}^{0}$-${\overline{B}}^{0}$ mixing parameter $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{d}$ based on a sample of $152\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. One of two $B$ mesons is fully reconstructed in a $CP$-eigenstate or a flavor-eigenstate decay channel. The flavor of the accompanying $B$ meson is identified from its decay products. From the distributions of the time interval between the two $B$ meson decay points, we obtain $\mathrm{sin}2{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{1}=0.728\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.056(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.023(\mathrm{syst})$, $|\ensuremath{\lambda}|=1.007\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.041(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.033(\mathrm{syst})$, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{B}^{0}}=[1.534\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.010(\mathrm{syst})]\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ps}$, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{B}^{+}}=[1.635\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011(\mathrm{syst})]\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ps}$, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{B}^{+}}/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{B}^{0}}=1.066\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008(\mathrm{syst})$ and $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{d}=[0.511\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006{(\mathrm{syst})]\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ps}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The results for $\mathrm{sin}2{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{1}$ and $|\ensuremath{\lambda}|$ are consistent with the standard model expectations. The significance of the observed deviation from unity in the lifetime ratio exceeds 5 standard deviations.

We measure the production cross sections for e+e- -> Upsilon(1S)pi+pi-, Upsilon(2S)pi+pi-, and Upsilon(3S)pi+pi- as a function of sqrt{s} between 10.83 GeV and 11.02 GeV. The data consists of 8.1 fb^-1 collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We observe enhanced production in all three final states that does not agree well with the conventional Upsilon(10860) lineshape. A fit using a Breit-Wigner resonance shape yields a peak mass of [10888.4 +2.7/-2.6 (stat) +- 1.2 (syst)] MeV/c^2 and a width of [30.7 +8.3/-7.0 (stat) +- 3.1 (syst)] MeV/c^2.

We report the first observation of a b -> u type charmless baryonic B decay, B+ -> p pbar pi+, as well as b -> s type B0 -> p pbar K0 and B+ -> p pbar K*+ decays. The analysis is based on a 78fb^{-1} data sample recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. We find BF(B+ -> p pbar pi+) = (3.06^{+0.73}_{-0.62} \pm 0.37)*10^{-6}, BF(B0 -> p pbar K0) =(1.88^{+0.77}_{-0.60} \pm 0.23)*10^{-6}, and BF(B+ -> p pbar K*+) = (10.3^{+3.6 + 1.3}_{-2.8 -1.7})*10^{-6}. We also update BF(B+ -> p pbar K+) = (5.66^{+0.67}_{-0.57} \pm 0.62)* 10^{-6}, and present an upper limit on BF(B0 -> p pbar K*0) at the 90% confidence level. A common feature of the observed decay modes is threshold peaking in baryon pair invariant mass.

We report the first observation of CP-violating asymmetries in B0 --> pi+pi- decays based on a 140 fb-1 data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We reconstruct one neutral B meson as a B0 --> pi+pi- CP eigenstate and identify the flavor of the accompanying B meson from its decay products. We apply an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points. The fit yields the CP-violating asymmetry amplitudes Apipi = +0.58+/-0.15(stat)+/-0.07(syst) and Spipi = -1.00+/-0.21(stat)+/-0.07(syst). We rule out the CP-conserving case, Apipi=Spipi=0, at a level of 5.2 standard deviations. We also find evidence for direct CP violation with a significance at or greater than 3.2 standard deviations for any Spipi value.

We search for lepton flavor violating τ decays into three leptons (electron or muon) using 535 fb−1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. No evidence for these decays is observed, and we set 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions of (2.0–4.1)×10−8. These results improve upon our previously published upper limits by factors of 4.9 to 10.

CP violation in B → J/ψK * decays is studied using an angular analysis in a data sample of 253 fb -1 recorded with the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e -collider.The flavor separated measurements of the decay amplitudes indicate no evidence for direct CP violation.T-odd CP violation is studied using the asymmetries in triple product correlations, and the results are consistent with the Standard Model null predictions.The time-dependent angular analysis gives the following values of CP-violating parameters: sin 2φ 1 = 0.24 ± 0.31 ± 0.05 and cos 2φ 1 = 0.56 ± 0.79 ± 0.11.

We present a search for the rare decays B → h ( * ) νν, where h ( * ) stands for a light meson.A data sample of 535 million BB pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e -collider is used.Signal candidates are required to have an accompanying B meson fully reconstructed in a hadronic mode and signal-side particles consistent with a single h ( * ) meson.No significant signal is observed and we set upper limits on the branching fractions at 90% confidence level.The limits on B 0 → K * 0 νν and B + → K + νν decays are more stringent than the previous constraints, while the first searches for B 0 → K 0 νν, π 0 νν, ρ 0 νν, φνν and B + → K * + νν, ρ + νν are reported.

We report results of a Dalitz plot analysis of the three-body charmless B 0 → K 0 π + π -decay.The analysis is performed with a data sample that contains 388 million B B pairs collected near the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e + e -collider.Measurements of branching fractions for the quasi-two-body decays B 0 → ρ(770) 0 K 0 , B 0 → f0(980)K 0 , B 0 → K * (892) + π -, B 0 → K * (1430) + π -, and upper limits on several other quasi-two-body decay modes are reported.

We study the characteristics of the low mass pp¯ enhancements near threshold in the three-body decays B+→pp¯K+ and B+→pp¯π+. We observe that the proton polar angle distributions in the pp¯ helicity frame in the two decays have the opposite polarity, and measure the forward-backward asymmetries as a function of the pp¯ mass for the pp¯K+ mode. We also search for the intermediate two-body decays, B+→p¯Δ++ and B+→pΔ¯0, and set upper limits on their branching fractions. These results are obtained from a 414fb−1 data sample that contains 449×106BB¯ events collected near the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider.

We report a new measurement of the time-dependent $CP$-violating parameters in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decays with $535\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider operating at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance. We find $1464\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}65$ ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ events and measure the $CP$-violating parameters ${\mathcal{S}}_{\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}}=\ensuremath{-}0.61\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{syst})$ and ${\mathcal{A}}_{\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}}=+0.55\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(\mathrm{syst})$. We observe large direct $CP$ violation with a significance greater than 5 standard deviations for any ${\mathcal{S}}_{\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}}$ value. Using isospin relations, we measure the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix angle ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{2}=(97\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}11)\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ for the solution consistent with the standard model and exclude the range $11\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}&lt;{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{2}&lt;79\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ at the 95% confidence level.

We report a study of semileptonic $B$ decays to $P$-wave ${D}^{**}$ mesons. Semileptonic decay to a ${D}_{2}^{*}$ meson is observed for the first time and its product branching ratio is measured to be $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}_{2}^{*0}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}({\overline{D}}_{2}^{*0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})=0.22\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03(\mathrm{stat}.)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{syst}.)%$. The result is obtained using fully reconstructed $B$ tags from a data sample that contains $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

The neutral $B$ meson pair produced at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ should exhibit a nonlocal correlation of the type discussed by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen. We measure this correlation using the time-dependent flavor asymmetry of semileptonic ${B}^{0}$ decays, which we compare with predictions from quantum mechanics and two local realistic models. The data are consistent with quantum mechanics, and inconsistent with the other models. Assuming that some $B$ pairs disentangle to produce ${B}^{0}$ and ${\overline{B}}^{0}$ with definite flavor, we find a decoherent fraction of $0.029\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.057$, consistent with no decoherence.

We report the results of a study of neutral $B$ meson decays to the ${D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ final state, where the ${D}^{0}$ is fully reconstructed. The results are obtained from an event sample containing $388\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$-meson pairs collected in the Belle experiment at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The total branching fraction of the three-body decay $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(8.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8(\mathrm{syst}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ has been measured. The intermediate resonant structure of these three-body decays has been studied. From a Dalitz plot analysis we have obtained the product of the branching fractions for ${D}_{2}^{*+}$ and ${D}_{0}^{*+}$ production: $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{2}^{*+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}({D}_{2}^{*+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})=(2.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.29(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12(\mathrm{mod}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$, and $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{0}^{*+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}({D}_{0}^{*+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})=(0.60\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.13(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.22(\mathrm{mod}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. This is the first observation of the ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{0}^{*+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay. The ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ and ${D}^{0}{f}_{2}$ branching fractions are measured to be: $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0})=(3.19\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.20(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.24(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.38(\mathrm{mod}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$, and $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{f}_{2})=(1.20\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.18(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.21(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.32(\mathrm{mod}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$.

The inclusive production of $D_s$, $D^0$, and $J/\psi$ mesons is studied using a 1.86 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected on the $\Upsilon$(5S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. The number of $b\bar{b}$ events in the $\Upsilon$(5S) data sample is determined. We measure the branching fractions $B(\Upsilon({\rm 5S}) \to D_s X) / 2 = (23.6 \pm 1.2 \pm 3.6)%$, $B(\Upsilon({\rm 5S}) \to D^0 X) / 2 = (53.8 \pm 2.0 \pm 3.4)%$}, and $B(\Upsilon({\rm 5S}) \to J/\psi X) / 2 = (1.030 \pm 0.080 \pm 0.067)%$. From the $D_s$ and $D^0$ inclusive branching fractions the ratio $f_s = (18.0 \pm 1.3 \pm 3.2)%$} of $B_s^{(*)} \bar{B}_s^{(*)}$ to the total $b\bar{b}$ quark pair production at the $\Upsilon$(5S) energy is obtained in a model-dependent way.

We present a measurement of CP asymmetry using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B0→π+π−π0 decays based on a 414 fb−1 data sample containing 449×106B¯¯¯B pairs. The data was collected on the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e− collider. Combining our analysis with information on charged B decay modes, we perform a full Dalitz and isospin analysis and obtain a constraint on the CKM angle ϕ2, 68°<ϕ2<95° as the 68.3% confidence interval for the ϕ2 solution consistent with the standard model (SM). A large SM-disfavored region also remains.Received 10 January 2007DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.221602©2007 American Physical Society

We report the first observation of color-suppressed B( 0)-->D(0)pi(0), D(*0)pi(0), D0eta, and D0omega decays, and evidence for B( 0)-->D(*0)eta and D(*0)omega. The branching fractions are B(B( 0)-->D0pi(0)) = (3.1 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.5)x10(-4), B(B( 0) -->D(*0)pi(0)) = (2.7(+0.8+0.5)(-0.7-0.6))x10(-4), B(B( 0) --> D0eta) = (1.4(+0.5)(-0.4) +/- 0.3)x10(-4), B(B( 0) --> D0omega) = (1.8 +/- 0.5(+0.4)(-0.3))x10(-4), and we set 90% confidence level upper limits of B(B( 0) --> D(*0)eta)<4.6 x 10(-4) and B(B( 0)-->D(*0)omega)<7.9 x 10(-4). The analysis is based on a data sample of 21.3 fb(-1) collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider.

We present results of a study of the charmless vector-vector decays B 0 → K * 0 ρ 0 and B + → K * 0 ρ + .The results are based on a 140 fb -1 data sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e + e -collider.We obtain the branching fraction B(B + → K * 0 ρ + ) = (6.6 ± 2.2(stat.)± 0.8(syst.))× 10 -6 , and set upper limits on the branching fractions B(B 0 → K * 0 ρ 0 ) < 2.6 × 10 -6 and B(B 0 → f 0 (980)K * 0 ) < 5.2 × 10 -6 .We also perform a helicity analysis of the ρ and K * vector mesons in the decay B + → K * 0 ρ + , and obtain the longitudinal polarization fraction R 0 (B + → K * 0 ρ + ) = 0.50 ± 0.19(stat.)+0.05 -0.07 (syst.).

We report a study of the modes D_CP K+- and D^*_CP K+- where D^(*) decays to CP eigenstates. The data sample used contains 275 x 10^6 BB events at the Upsilon(4S) resonance collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e^+ e^- collider. The CP asymmetries obtained for D_CP K are: A_1 = 0.06 +- 0.14 (stat) +- 0.05 (sys), A_2 = -0.12 +- 0.14 (stat) +- 0.05 (sys) and for D^*_CP K : A_1^* = -0.20 +- 0.22 (stat) +- 0.04 (sys), A_2^* = 0.13 +- 0.30 (stat) +- 0.08 (sys).

We report measurements of partial branching fractions of inclusive charmless semileptonic B-meson decays at the endpoint of the electron momentum spectrum. The measurements are made in six overlapping momentum intervals that have lower bounds ranging from 1.9 to 2.4 GeV/c and a common upper bound of 2.6 GeV/c, as measured in the centre of mass frame. The results are based on a sample of 29 million BB¯ pairs, accumulated by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e+e− collider operating on the ϒ(4S) resonance. In the momentum interval ranging from 1.9 to 2.6 GeV/c we measure the partial branching fraction ΔB(B→Xueνe)=(8.47±0.37±1.53)×10−4, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. A prediction of the partial rate R=(21.69±3.62−1.98+2.18)|Vub|2ps−1 in this momentum interval based on theory is calculated with input HQET parameters that have been derived from Belle's measurement of the B→Xsγ photon energy spectrum, where the first error is due to the uncertainty on HQET parameters and the second error is from theory. Using both ΔB(B→Xueνe) and R we find |Vub|=(5.08±0.47±0.42−0.23+0.26)×10−3, where the first error is from the partial branching fraction, and the second and third errors are from uncertainties in R.

We study the following charmless baryonic three-body decays of $B$ mesons: ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. The partial branching fractions as a function of the baryon-antibaryon mass and the polar angle distributions of the proton in the baryon-antibaryon system are presented. This study includes the first observation of ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, which is measured to have a branching fraction of $({3.00}_{\ensuremath{-}0.53}^{+0.61}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.33)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$. We also set upper limits on branching fractions of the two-body decays ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p{\overline{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{*\ensuremath{-}}$, ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{0}\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$, ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p{\overline{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{*0}$, and ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{+}\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ at the 90% confidence level. These results are obtained from a $414\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample collected near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We report results of a search for the invisible decay of the Υ(1S) via the Υ(3S)→π+π−Υ(1S) transition using a data sample of 2.9 fb−1 at the Υ(3S) resonance. The data were collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. No signal is found, and an upper limit for the branching fraction at the 90% confidence level is determined to be B(Υ(1S)→invisible)<2.5×10−3.Received 23 November 2006DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.132001©2007 American Physical Society

We measure the branching fractions of ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{(\ensuremath{'})}$ decays with the complete Belle data sample of $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The results for the branching fractions are: $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\eta})=(12.3{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}_{1.7}^{1.8}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}})&lt;7.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ at 90% confidence level. The $\ensuremath{\eta}\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ mixing angle is constrained to be less than 42.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 90% confidence level.

The early COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Sudan experienced a gender disparity in vaccine uptake, with women accounting for less than 40% of vaccinations after four months of vaccine access. Initial analysis revealed that demand generation approaches were not sufficiently tailored to address the challenges and concerns of women. Using real-time social media monitoring, also known as social listening, to understand this inequity, we used an analytical tool called "Talkwalker" to track public sentiment and engagement regarding vaccination on social media platforms. The data captured subsequently informed a gender-responsive messaging campaign on social media that directly addressed specific concerns of Sudanese women. Within one week of the campaign's onset in September 2021, we observed a 144% increase in women's COVID-19 related social media engagement. Subsequent campaigns further enhanced women's engagement from 31% to between 35%-47%. Two subsequent campaigns in January and February/March 2022 were complemented with in-person activities, such as group meetings with community members and home visits by health promoters. Women's vaccination rates increased by 9% while the first two campaigns were live. System constraints hindered data linkages for the third campaign. These findings demonstrate the value of integrating real-time feedback with large-scale social media campaigns and the potential of linking online and offline strategies to further refine interventions, particularly in a conflict-prone and low-income country context. Our experience reinforces the notion that "one size does not fit all" when it comes to health-related communication. Responses should be tailored, contextualized, and person-centered, particularly in addressing concerns unique to women.

This study is concerned with the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> control issue of networked systems with consecutively lost packets using sampled-data. First, we establish a discrete stochastic system for the networked system with external disturbances and consecutively lost packets. To enable <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> performance analysis, an equivalent but analyzable stochastic framework is then derived by using matrix exponential computation. Subsequently, by law of total expectation, Kronecker product operation, and eigenvalue decomposition approach, we compute the expectation of a coupling term with significant nonlinearity and randomness. Based on this, a stabilization controller is constructed that ensures the resulting discrete stochastic system’s exponential mean-square stability with a prescribed <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> performance. Unlike the existing literature, the linear matrix inequalitys (LMIs) dimension derived in this article does not change along with the maximum number of consecutively lost packets, which prevents an LMI with high-computing complexity. Finally, the validity and applicability of the algorithm are demonstrated by a numerical example and an example using a satellite system.

Mechanical metamaterial is a synthetic material that can possess extraordinary physical characteristics, such as abnormal elasticity, stiffness, and stability, by carefully designing its internal structure. To make metamaterials contain delicate local structures with unique mechanical properties, it is a potential method to represent them through high-resolution voxels. However, it brings a substantial computational burden. To this end, this paper proposes a fast inverse design method, whose core is an advanced deep generative AI algorithm, to generate voxel-based mechanical metamaterials. Specifically, we use the self-conditioned diffusion model, capable of generating a microstructure with a resolution of $128^3$ to approach the specified homogenized tensor matrix in just 3 seconds. Accordingly, this rapid reverse design tool facilitates the exploration of extreme metamaterials, the sequence interpolation in metamaterials, and the generation of diverse microstructures for multi-scale design. This flexible and adaptive generative tool is of great value in structural engineering or other mechanical systems and can stimulate more subsequent research.

Motivated by the very recent observation of the $B^+_c\to J/\psi+\pi^+ +\pi^0$ decay using proton-proton collision data by the LHCb collaboration, we study the four-body angular distributions and the quantum entanglement effects in the $B^+_c\to J/\psi+\pi^+ +\pi^0$ associated with $J/\psi\to \mu^++\mu^-$. The helicity angular distributions are given in the QCD effective theory and the von Neumann entropy is obtained in $B^\pm_c\to J/\psi(\to \mu^+\mu^-)+\rho^\pm(\to \pi^\pm \pi^0)$ decay process.

We report measurements of branching fractions for charged and neutral B→ηcK decays where the ηc meson is reconstructed in the K0SK±π∓, K+K−π0, K*0K−π+, and p¯p decay channels. The neutral B0 channel is a CP eigenstate and can be used to measure the CP violation parameter sin2φ1. We also report the first observation of the B0→ηcK*0 mode. The results are based on an analysis of 29.1 fb−1 of data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB.Received 28 August 2002DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.071801©2003 American Physical Society

We report measurements of charmonia produced in two-photon collisions and decaying to four-meson final states, where the meson is either a charged pion or a charged kaon. The analysis is based on a 395 fb-1 data sample accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB electron–positron collider. We observe signals for the three C-even charmonia ηc(1S), χc0(1P) and χc2(1P) in the π+π-π+π-, K+K-π+π- and K+K-K+K- decay modes. No clear signals for ηc(2S) production are found in these decay modes. We have also studied resonant structures in charmonium decays to two-body intermediate meson resonances. We report the products of the two-photon decay width and the branching fractions, $\Gamma_{\gamma\gamma}\mathcal{B}$ , for each of the charmonium decay modes.

We present a measurement of the CP-violating asymmetry in rho+rho- decays using 535 million BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We measure CP-violating coefficients A = 0.16 +- 0.21(stat) +- 0.07 (syst) and S = 0.19 +- 0.30(stat) +- 0.07 (syst}. These values are used to determine the unitarity triangle angle phi_2 using an isospin analysis; the solution consistent with Standard Model lies in the range 53 < phi_2 < 114 deg. at 90 C.L.

We present measurements of time-dependent CP asymmetries in $B^0 \to \omega K_S^0$, $f_0 (980) K_S^0$, $K_S^0 \pi^0$ and $K^+ K^- K_S^0$ based on a sample of 535 $\times 10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric $e^+ e^-$ collider. One neutral $B$ meson is fully reconstructed in one of the specified decay channels, and the flavor of the accompanying $B$ meson is identified from its decay products. CP-violation parameters for each of the decay modes are obtained from the asymmetries in the distributions of the proper-time intervals between the two B decays.

We report the results of a search for the decay B0→e+e−, μ+μ− and e±μ∓ based on an analysis of 78fb−1 of data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB. No candidate events have been found. Upper limits on the branching fractions are calculated at the 90% confidence level: B(B0→e+e−)<1.9×10−7, B(B0→μ+μ−)<1.6×10−7, and B(B0→e±μ∓)<1.7×10−7. A limit on the Pati-Salam leptoquark mass MLQ>46TeV/c2 is obtained at the 90% confidence level.Received 24 September 2003DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.68.111101©2003 American Physical Society

Using $281\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data from the Belle experiment recorded at or near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance, we have measured the rates of the ``wrong-sign'' decays ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ relative to those of the Cabibbo-favored decays ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. These wrong-sign decays proceed via a doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitude or via ${D}^{0}\mathrm{\text{\ensuremath{-}}}{\overline{D}}^{0}$ mixing; the latter has not yet been observed. We obtain ${R}_{\mathrm{WS}}(K\ensuremath{\pi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0})=[0.229\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.009}^{+0.013}(\mathrm{syst})]%$ and ${R}_{\mathrm{WS}}(K3\ensuremath{\pi})=[0.320\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.018(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.013}^{+0.018}(\mathrm{syst})]%$. The $CP$ asymmetries are measured to be $\ensuremath{-}0.006\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.053$ and $\ensuremath{-}0.018\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.044$ for the ${K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and ${K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ final states, respectively.

The decays $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}^+ K^-$ and $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}^- \pi^+$ are studied for the first time. A significant signal is observed in the $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}^*(2317)^+ K^-$ decay channel with ${\cal B}(\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}^*(2317)^+ K^-) \times {\cal B} (D_{sJ}^*(2317)^+ \to D_s^+ \pi^0) = (5.3^{+1.5}_{-1.3} \pm 0.7 \pm 1.4) \times 10^{-5}$. No signals are observed in the $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}^*(2317)^- \pi^+$, $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}(2460)^+ K^-$ and $\bar{B^0} \to D_{sJ}(2460)^- \pi^+$ decay modes, and upper limits are obtained. The analysis is based on a dataset of 140 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the Belle experiment at the asymmetric $e^+ e^-$ collider KEKB.

We report on the first observation of D0/1(2420)-->D0pi- pi+ and D+/1(2420-->D+ pi- pi+ decays (where the contribution from the dominant known D1-->D*pi decay mode is excluded) in the B- -->D0/1pi-) and (-)B0-->D+/1pi- decays, respectively. The observation is based on 15.2 x 10(7) B(-)B events collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB collider. We also set 90% confidence level upper limits for the branching fractions of the four following decays: B- -->D0/1pi-, D01-->D(*0)pi- pi+, (-)B0-->D+/1pi-, D+/1-->D(*+) pi- pi+, B- -->D(*0)2(2460)pi-, D(*0)2 -->D(*0) pi- pi+, (-)B0-->D(*+)2(2460)pi-, D(*+)2-->D(*+)pi- pi+.

We report improved measurements of time-dependent $CP$ violation parameters for ${B}^{0}({\overline{B}}^{0})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ decay. This analysis is based on $535\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs accumulated at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. From the distribution of proper time intervals between the two $B$ decays, we obtain the following $CP$ violation parameters ${\mathcal{S}}_{J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}}=\ensuremath{-}0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.21(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(\mathrm{syst})\phantom{\rule{1em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\text{and}}\phantom{\rule{1em}{0ex}}{A}_{J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}}=+0.08\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(\mathrm{syst}),$which are consistent with standard model expectations.

First observations of the B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) π+, B(s)(0) → D(s)(-) ρ+ and B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) ρ+ decays are reported together with measurements of their branching fractions: B(B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) π+) = [2.4(-0.4)(+0.5)(stat) ± 0.3(syst) ± 0.4(f(s))]×10(-3), B(B(s)(0) → D(s)(-) ρ+) = [8.5(-1.2)(+1.3)(stat) ± 1.1(syst) ± 1.3(f(s))]×10(-3) and B(B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) ρ+) = [11.9(-2.0)(+2.2)(stat) ± 1.7(syst) ± 1.8(f(s))]×10(-3) (f(s) = N(B(s)(*) B(s)(*))/N(bb)). From helicity-angle distributions, we measured the longitudinal polarization fraction in B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) ρ+ decays to be f(L)(B(s)(0) → D(s)(*-) ρ+) = 1.05(-0.10)(+0.08)(stat)(-0.04)(+0.03)(syst). These results are based on a 23.6 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+ e- collider.

We present a search for the decays B+→π+ℓ+ℓ− and B0→π0ℓ+ℓ−, where ℓ+ℓ− is either a μ+μ− or e+e− pair, with a data sample of 657×106 B¯¯¯B pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− collider. Signal events are reconstructed from a charged or a neutral pion candidate and a pair of oppositely charged electrons or muons. No significant signal is observed and we set an upper limit on the isospin-averaged branching fraction B(B→πℓ+ℓ−)<6.2×10−8 at the 90% confidence level.Received 26 April 2008DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.011101©2008 American Physical Society

We report new measurements of the decays B+-->rho+gamma, B0-->rho0gamma, and B0-->omegagamma using a data sample of 657x10(6) B meson pairs accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We measure branching fractions B(B+-->rho+gamma)=(8.7_-2.7-1.1;+2.9+0.9)x10(-7), B(B0-->rho0gamma)=(7.8_-1.6-1.0;+1.7+0.9)x10(-7), and B(B0-->omegagamma)=(4.0_-1.7;+1.9+/-1.3)x10(-7). We also report the isospin asymmetry Delta(rhogamma)=-0.48_-0.19-0.09;+0.21+0.08 and the first measurement of the direct CP-violating asymmetry ACP(B+-->rho+gamma)=-0.11+/-0.32+/-0.09, where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic, respectively.

The precise determination of the CKM matrix element $\left| V_{cb}\right|$ is important for carrying out tests of the flavour sector of the Standard Model. In this article we present a preliminary analysis of the $\bar B^0 \to D^{*\,+} \, \ell^- \, \bar \nu_\ell$ decay mode and its charge conjugate, selected in events that contain a fully reconstructed $B$-meson, using 772 million $e^+ \, e^- \to \Upsilon(4S) \to B \bar B$ events recorded by the Belle detector at KEKB. Unfolded differential decay rates of four kinematic variables fully describing the $\bar B^0 \to D^{*\,+} \, \ell^- \, \bar \nu_\ell$ decay in the $B$-meson rest frame are presented. We measure the total branching fraction $\mathcal{B}( \bar B^0 \to D^{*\,+} \, \ell^- \, \bar \nu_\ell ) = \left(4.95 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \right) \times 10^{-2}$, where the errors are statistical and systematic respectively. The value of $\left|V_{cb} \right|$ is determined to be $\left( 37.4 \pm 1.3 \right) \times 10^{-3}$. Both results are in good agreement with current world averages.

We report on a search for B(0)-->D(*0)K(*0) decays based on 85 x 10(6) BB events collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. The B(0)-->D0K(0) and B(0)-->D0K(*0) decays have been observed for the first time with the branching fractions B(B(0)-->D0K(0))=(5.0(+1.3)(-1.2)+/-0.6)x10(-5) and B(B(0)-->D0K(*0))=(4.8(+1.1)(-1.0)+/-0.5)x10(-5). No significant signal has been found for the B(0)-->D(*0)K*0) and B(0)-->D(*0)K(*0) decay modes, and upper limits at 90% C.L. are presented.

We present a time-dependent analysis of CP violation in B0-->rho(+/-)pi(-/+) decays based on a 140 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. We obtain the charge asymmetry A(rhopi)(CP)=-0.16+/-0.10(stat)+/-0.02(syst). An unbinned maximum-likelihood fit to the Deltat distributions yields C(rhopi)=0.25+/-0.17(stat)+0.02-0.06(syst), DeltaC(rhopi)=0.38+/-0.18(stat)+0.02-0.04(syst), S(rhopi)=-0.28+/-0.23(stat)+0.10-0.08(syst), and DeltaS(rhopi)=-0.30+/-0.24(stat)+/-0.09(syst). The direct CP violation parameters for B-->rho(+)pi(-) and B-->rho(-)pi(+) decays are A(+-)(rhopi)=-0.02+/-0.16(stat)+0.05-0.02(syst) and A(-+)(rhopi)=-0.53+/-0.29(stat)+0.09-0.04(syst).

We report measurements of radiative B decays with Kηγ final states, using a data sample of 253fb−1 recorded at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− storage ring. We observe B+→K+ηγ for the first time with a branching fraction of (8.4±1.5(stat)−0.9+1.2(syst))×10−6 for MKη<2.4 GeV/c2, and find evidence of B0→K0ηγ. We also search for B→K3∗(1780)γ.

We present a new measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating parameters in B0→π+π− decays with 275×106 BB¯ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider operating at the Υ(4S) resonance. We find 666±43 B0→π+π− events and measure the CP-violating parameters: Sππ=−0.67±0.16(stat)±0.06(syst) and Aππ=+0.56±0.12(stat)±0.06(syst). We find evidence for large direct CP violation with a significance greater than 4 standard deviations for any Sππ value. Using isospin relations, we obtain 95.4% confidence intervals for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix angle ϕ2 of 0°<ϕ2<19° and 71°<ϕ2<180°.Received 29 April 2005DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.101801©2005 American Physical Society

We present the first observation of τ lepton decays to hadronic final states with a ϕ-meson. This analysis is based on 401 fb−1 of data accumulated at the Belle experiment. The branching fraction obtained is B(τ−→ϕK−ντ)=(4.05±0.25±0.26)×10−5.

Using 449x10(6) BB[over ] pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider, we observe clear signals for B(+)-->K[over ](0)K(+) and B(0)-->K[over ](0)K(0) decays with 5.3sigma and 6.0sigma significance, respectively. We measure the branching fractions B(B(+)-->K[over ](0)K(+))=(1.22(-0.28-0.16)(+0.32+0.13))x10(-6) and B(B(0)-->K[over ](0)K(0))=(0.87(-0.20)(+0.25)+/-0.09)x10(-6), and partial-rate asymmetries A(CP)(B(+)-->K[over ](0)K(+))=0.13(-0.24)(+0.23)+/-0.02 and A(CP)(B(0)-->K[over ](0)K(0))=-0.58(-0.66)(+0.73)+/-0.04. From a simultaneous fit, we also obtain B(B(+)-->K(0)pi(+))=(22.8(-0.7)(+0.8)+/-1.3)x10(-6) and A(CP)(B(+)-->K(0)pi(+))=0.03+/-0.03+/-0.01. The first and second error in the branching fractions and the partial-rate asymmetries are statistical and systematic, respectively. No signal is observed for B(0)-->K(+)K(-) decays, and for this branching fraction, we set an upper limit of 4.1x10(-7) at the 90% confidence level.

We have searched for B_{s}^{0}->hh decays, where h stands for a charged or neutral kaon, or a charged pion. These results are based on a 23.6 fb^{-1} data sample collected with the Belle detector on the \Upsilon(5S) resonance at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider, containing 1.25x10^6 B_{s}^{(*)}\bar{B}_{s}^{(*)} events. We observe the decay B_{s}^{0}->K^{+}K^{-} and measure its branching fraction, \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->K^{+}K^{-}) = [3.8_{-0.9}^{+1.0}(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.5(\mathrm{syst})\pm 0.5(f_s)] \times 10^{-5}. The first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third error is due to the uncertainty in the B^0_s production fraction in $e^+e^-\to b\bar{b}$ events. No significant signals are seen in other decay modes, and we set upper limits at 90% confidence level: \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->K^-\pi^{+})< 2.6 \times 10^{-5}, \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->\pi^{+}\pi^{-})< 1.2 \times 10^{-5} and \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->K^0\bar{K}^0) < 6.6\times 10^{-5}.

We present a measurement of $CP$-violation parameters in the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decay based on a sample of $275\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. One neutral $B$ meson is fully reconstructed in the decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$, and the flavor of the accompanying $B$ meson is identified from its decay products. $CP$-violation parameters are obtained from the asymmetry in the distributions of the proper-time interval between the two $B$ decays: $\mathcal{S}=+1.26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.68(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.20(\mathrm{syst})$ and $\mathcal{A}=+0.54\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.34(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.09(\mathrm{syst})$.

We present measurements of the branching fraction, the polarization parameters and CP-violating asymmetries in B0→D∗+D∗− decays using a 140 fb−1 data sample collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+e− collider. We obtain B(B0→D∗+D∗−)=[0.81±0.08(stat)±0.11(syst)]×10−3, R⊥=0.19±0.08(stat)±0.01(syst), R0=0.57±0.08(stat)±0.02(syst), S=−0.75±0.56(stat)±0.12(syst) and A=−0.26±0.26(stat)±0.06(syst). Consistency with Standard Model expectations is also discussed.

We report measurements of branching fractions for B --> K pi and B --> pi pi decays based on a data sample of 449 x 10(6) BB[over] pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We also measure the ratios of partial widths for B-->Kpi decays, namely R(c) identical with 2Gamma(B(+) --> K(+) pi(0))/Gamma(B(+) --> K(0) pi(+)) = 1.08+/-0.06+/-0.08 and R(n) identical with Gamma(B(0) --> K(+) pi(-))/2 Gamma(B(0) --> K(0) pi(0)) = 1.08+/-0.08+/-0.08, where the first and the second errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. These ratios are sensitive to enhanced electroweak penguin contributions from new physics; the new measurements are, however, consistent with standard model expectations.

We reconstruct ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{\ensuremath{-}}{D}^{+}$ decays using a sample of $449\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs recorded by the Belle experiment, and measure the branching fraction to be $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{\ensuremath{-}}{D}^{+})=[7.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8({\mathcal{B}}^{\ensuremath{'}}s)]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. A search for the related decay ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{+}{D}_{s}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is also performed. Since we observe no statistically significant signal, an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at $3.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ (90% C.L.).

We report a search for the decay B0→J/ψϕ, using a sample of 657×106 B¯¯¯B pairs collected with the Belle detector at the Υ(4S) resonance. No statistically significant signal is found and an upper limit for the branching fraction is determined to be B(B0→J/ψϕ)<9.4×10−7 at 90% confidence level.Received 21 May 2008DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.78.011106©2008 American Physical Society

We report measurements of the branching fractions and CP asymmetries for B^+- -> eta h^+- (h = K or pi) and the observation of the decay B^0 -> eta K^0 from the final data sample of 772x10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+e^- collider. The measured branching fractions are Br(B^+- -> eta K^+-) = (2.12 +- 0.23 +- 0.11)x10^-6}, Br(B^+- -> eta pi^+-) = (4.07 +- 0.26 +- 0.21)x10^{-6} and Br(B^0 -> eta K^0) = (1.27^{+0.33}_{-0.29} +- 0.08)x10^-6, where the last decay is observed for the first time with a significance of 5.4 standard deviations (\sigma). We also find evidence for CP violation in the charged B modes, A_{CP}(B^+- -> eta K^+-) = -0.38 +- 0.11 +- 0.01 and A_{CP}(B^+- -> eta pi^+- = -0.19 +- 0.06 +- 0.01 with significances of 3.8 sigma and 3.0 sigma, respectively. For all measurements, the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

Abstract Floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) is one of the trending topics in the offshore industry. Taiwanese government agency, Bureau of Energy, recently announced a 100 MW floating offshore wind turbine demonstration project, which is planned to be installed in Taiwan Strait to have a jump start in the readiness of floating wind technologies. Compared with bottom-fixed offshore wind turbines, semi-submersible FOWT has many advantages, among different floater types, in economic efficiency as offshore wind farms go to deeper water. This paper summarizes the design of a mooring system and the anchor type selection for a concept floating system, TaidaFloat. TaidaFloat is a floating platform designed to support a 15 MW wind turbine in a water depth of around 70 meters. The mooring design follows the rules and guidelines of American Bureau of Shipping. 3 × 2 and 3 × 3 mooring patterns are investigated for feasibility of withstanding the winds, waves, and currents in Taiwan Strait. According to the rules, the mooring system must sustain an environmental load of a 50-year return period. The priority of the design is to minimize the cost and the footprint of the mooring system. OrcaFlex and ANSYS Discovery are used for the analyses. The results show that a 3 × 3 mooring pattern with an anchor distance (radius) of 10 times water depth is required to meet the design targets under extreme environmental conditions. Anchors of around 23tons are needed to withstand the mooring loads. Overall, in the current design, the mooring chain size and anchor weight turned out to be relatively large as compared to other designs. Reducing the cost of the mooring and anchor systems remains to be a challenge in future work.

We have searched for mixing in the D 0 -D 0 system by measuring the decay-time distribution of D 0 → K + π -decays.The analysis uses 90 fb -1 of data collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e -collider.We fit the decay-time distribution for the mixing parameters x ′ and y ′ and also for the parameter R D , which is the ratio of the rate for the doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed decay D 0 → K + π -to that for the Cabibbo-favored decay D 0 → K -π + .We do these fits both assuming CP conservation and allowing for CP violation.We use a frequentist method to obtain a 95% C.L. region in the x ′2 -y ′ plane.Assuming no mixing, we measure R D = (0.381 ± 0.017 +0.008 -0.016 )%.

We have searched for tau lepton decays, tau- -> Lambda-bar pi- and tau- -> Lambda pi-, that simultaneously violate the conservation of the lepton and baryon number using a data sample of 154 fb^{-1} collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- asymmetric-energy collider. No evidence for a signal was found in either of the decay modes and we set the following upper limits for the branching fractions: B(tau^- -> Lambda-bar\pi-) < 1.4 * 10^{-7} and B(tau^- -> Lambda pi^-) < 0.72 * 10^{-7} at the 90% confidence level. This is the first search ever performed for these modes.

We present improved measurements of the branching fractions for the decays ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ using a data sample of $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The results are $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(1.99\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.18)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ and $\mathcal{B}({\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(1.91\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.17)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Based on these results, we determine the ratio between amplitudes of the doubly Cabibbo suppressed decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and the Cabibbo favored decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, ${R}_{D\ensuremath{\pi}}=[1.71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.09(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02(\mathrm{theo})]%$, where the last term denotes the theory error.

Abstract This paper aims to derive stability conditions and an output‐feedback stabilization method for discrete‐time systems with a time‐varying state delay and nonlinear perturbation. With a new way of handling the Lyapunov stability criterion, linear matrix inequality conditions are obtained for estimating bounds on delay to ensure the asymptotic stability. Based on the conditions, a synthesis procedure is developed for finding stabilizing output‐feedback gains, which are formulated as direct design variables. Three numerical examples are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society

We present measurements of CP-violating parameters in B0(B0)→η′KS0 and B±→η′K± decays based on a 41.8 fb−1 data sample collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. We fully reconstruct one neutral B meson as a B0(B0)→η′KS0 CP eigenstate and identify the flavor of the accompanying B from its decay products. From the distribution of proper time intervals between pairs of B meson decay points, we obtain the CP-violating asymmetry parameters Sη′KS0=0.28±0.55(stat)+0.07−0.08(syst), and Aη′KS0=0.13±0.32(stat)+0.09−0.06(syst). We also reconstruct charged B±→η′K± decays and determine a direct-CP-violating asymmetry value of Aη′K±=(−1.5±7.0(stat)±0.9(syst))%.

We study transitions between $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ states with the emission of charged pions using $604.6\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The measured product branching fraction is $\mathcal{B}(\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(1S){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}(\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(1S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(2.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.30(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14(\mathrm{sys}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ and the partial decay width is $\ensuremath{\Gamma}(\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(1S){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(1.75\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.25(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.24(\mathrm{sys}))\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$.

We report the first observation of the decay modes B 0 → D + D -, B -→ D 0 D -and B -→ D 0 D * -based on 152 × 10 6 BB events collected at KEKB.The branching fractions of B 0 → D + D -, B -→ D 0 D -and B -→ D 0 D * -are found to be (3.21±0.57±0.48)×10 - , (5.62±0.82±0.65)×10 - and (4.59 ± 0.72 ± 0.56) × 10 -4 , respectively.Charge asymmetries in the B -→ D 0 D -and B -→ D 0 D * -channels are consistent with zero.

We present the results of a study of the charmless vector-vector decay B0-->omegaK*0 with 657 x 10(6) BB pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We measure the branching fraction to be B(B0-->omegaK*0) = [1.8+/-0.7(stat)+/-0.3(syst)]x 10(-6) with 3.0sigma significance. We also perform a helicity analysis of the omega and K*0 vector mesons, and obtain the longitudinal polarization fraction fL(B0-->omegaK*0) = 0.56+/-0.29(stat) -0.08(+0.18)(syst). Finally, we measure a large nonresonant branching fraction B[B0-->omegaK+pi(-);M Kpi in(0.755,1.250) GeV/c2] = [5.1+/-0.7(stat)+/-0.7(syst)]x 10(-6) with a significance of 9.5sigma.

We present the result of a search for charge asymmetry in B±→J/ψK± decays using 772×106 B¯¯¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The CP-violating charge asymmetry is measured to be ACP(B+→J/ψK+)=[−0.76±0.50 (stat)±0.22 (syst)]%.Received 15 August 2010DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.82.091104© 2010 The American Physical Society

We report the first observation of the charmless two-body mode B±→ωK± decay, and a new measurement of the branching fraction for the B±→ωπ± decay. The measured branching fractions are B(B±→ωK±)=(9.2+2.6−2.3±1.0)×10−6 and B(B±→ωπ±)=(4.2+2.0−1.8±0.5)×10−6. We also measure the partial rate asymmetry of B±→ωK± decays and obtain ACP=−0.21±0.28±0.03. The results are based on a data sample of 29.4 fb−1 collected on the Υ(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− collider.Received 5 July 2002DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.191801©2002 American Physical Society

We report measurements of time dependent decay rates for B0(B(0))-->D((*)-/+)pi(+/-) decays and extraction of CP violation parameters containing phi(3). Using fully reconstructed D((*))pi events from a 140 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance, we obtain the CP violation parameters for D(*)pi and Dpi decays, 2R(D((*))pi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3)+/-delta(D((*))pi)), where R(D((*))pi) is the ratio of the magnitudes of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed and Cabibbo-favored amplitudes, and delta(D((*))pi) is the strong phase difference between them. Under the assumption of delta(D((*))pi) being close to either 0 degrees or 180 degrees, we obtain |2R(D(*)pi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3))|=0.060+/-0.040(stat)+/-0.019(syst) and |2R(Dpi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3))|=0.061+/-0.037(stat)+/-0.018(syst).

We report a first measurement of inclusive B→Xsη decays, where Xs is a charmless state with unit strangeness. The measurement is based on a pseudoinclusive reconstruction technique and uses a sample of 657×106B¯¯¯B pairs accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e− collider. For MXs<2.6 GeV/c2, we measure a branching fraction of [26.1±3.0(stat)+1.9−2.1(syst)+4.0−7.1(model)]×10−5 and a direct CP asymmetry of ACP=−0.13±0.04+0.02−0.03. Over half of the signal occurs in the range MXs>1.8 GeV/c2.Received 19 August 2010DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.191803© 2010 The American Physical Society

We report measurements of B meson decays to two kaons using 253 fb -1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e + e -collider.We find evidence for signals in B + → K 0 K + and B 0 → K 0 K 0 with significances of 3.0σ and 3.5σ, respectively.(Charge-conjugate modes included) The corresponding branching fractions are measured to be B(B(1.0 ± 0.4 ± 0.1) × 10 -6 and B(B 0 → K 0 K 0 ) = (0.8 ± 0.3 ± 0.1) × 10 -6 .These decay modes are examples of hadronic b → d transitions.No signal is observed in the decay B 0 → K + K -and we set an upper limit of 3.7 × 10 -7 at 90% confidence level.

We report the results of a search for the decay modes ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{D}}^{0}$ and ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{D}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$. The analysis is based on $140\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{f}{\mathrm{b}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data accumulated by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. No significant signals are observed and we determine the branching fraction upper limits $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{D}}^{0})&lt;2.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{D}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})&lt;2.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ at $90%$ confidence level. These results rule out the explanation of the excess in the low momentum region of the inclusive $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ spectrum as intrinsic charm content in the $B$ meson. The branching fractions of the corresponding nonresonant decay channels are also reported.

We present an improved measurement of CP-violation parameters in B0-->phiK(0)(S), K(+)K(-)K(0)(S), and eta(')K(0)(S) decays based on a 140 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider. One neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in one of the specified decay channels, and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified from its decay products. CP-violation parameters for each of the three modes are obtained from the asymmetries in the distributions of the proper-time intervals between the two B decays. We find that the observed CP asymmetry in the B-->phiK(0)(S) decay differs from the standard model (SM) expectation by 3.5 standard deviations, while the other cases are consistent with the SM.

We report the results of a search for ${B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\Lambda}\overline{p}$ based on a data set of $78{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. No substantial signal is found, and we set the branching fraction upper limit $\mathcal{B}{(B}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\Lambda}\overline{p})&lt;4.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ at 90% confidence level.

We report the results of searches for B+ -> J/psi eta' K+ and B0 -> J/psi eta' Ks0 decays, using a sample of 388 x 10^6 BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. No statistically significant signal is found for either of the two decay modes and upper limits for the branching fractions are determined to be B(B+ -> J/psi eta' K+) < 8.8 x 10^-5 and B(B0 -> J/psi eta' Ks0) < 2.5 x 10^-5 at 90% confidence level.

We report an observation of the decay B0 -> D*- tau+ nu and a search for the rare decays B -> h(*) nu nubar\ove, where h(*) stands for a light meson. A data sample of 535 million BBbar pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider is used. We find a signal with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations on B0 -> D*- tau+ nu and measure the branching fraction to be 2.02 +0.40/-0.37 (stat.) +- 0.37 (syst.)%. No significant signal is observed for B -> h(*) nu nubar decays and we set upper limits on the branching fractions at 90% confidence level. The limits on B0 -> K*0 nu nubar and B+ -> K+ nu nubar decays are more stringent than the previous constraints, while the first searches for B0 -> K0 nu nubar, pi0 nu nubar, rho0 nu nubar, phi nu nubar and B+ -> K*+ nu nubar, rho+ nu nubar are presented.

Silicon dioxide dots are deposited on the Si cap layers of self-assembled Ge dots using a liquid phase deposition method. The Si capping layer directly above the Ge dots has a tensile strain, while the Si cap on the wetting layer is not strained. The tensile strain can enhance the silicon dioxide nucleation and deposition on Si surface, and SiO2 dots are directly formed on the top of Ge dots with the SiO2 wetting layers between the dots. The step height and base width of the dots increase with the deposition time. A metal-oxide-semiconductor photodetector is fabricated using the liquid-phase-deposited oxide, and has a responsivity of 0.08 mA/W at 1550 nm.

We search for direct CP violation in flavor specific B -> K pi decays by measuring the rate asymmetry between charge conjugate modes. The search is performed on a data sample of 11.1 million B B bar events recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. We measure 90% confidence intervals in the partial rate asymmetry A_CP of -0.25 < A_CP(K-/+ pi+/-) < 0.37, -0.40 < A_CP(K-/+ pi^0) < 0.36, and -0.53 < A_CP(K^0 pi-/+) < 0.82. By combining the K-/+ pi+/- and K-/+ pi^0 final states, we conclude that -0.22 < A_CP[K-/+(pi+/- + pi^0)] < 0.25 at the 90% confidence level.

We report the first search for CP violating decays of the $\Upsilon(4S)$ using a data sample that contains 535 million $\Upsilon(4S)$ mesons with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+ e^- collider. A partial reconstruction technique is employed to enhance the signal sensitivity. No significant signals were observed. We obtain an upper limit of $4 \times 10^{-7}$ at the 90 % confidence level for the branching fractions of the $CP$ violating modes, $\Upsilon(4S) \to B^0\bar{B}^0 \to J/\psi K^0_S + J/\psi(\eta_c) K^0_S$. Extrapolating the result, we find that an observation with 5$\sigma$ significance is expected with a 30 ab^{-1} data sample, which is within the reach of a future super B factory.