K. A. Ulmer

Motivated by the success of the flavour physics programme carried out over the last decade at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), we characterize in detail the physics potential of its High-Luminosity and High-Energy upgrades in this domain of physics. We document the extraordinary breadth of the HL/HE-LHC programme enabled by a putative Upgrade II of the dedicated flavour physics experiment LHCb and the evolution of the established flavour physics role of the ATLAS and CMS general purpose experiments. We connect the dedicated flavour physics programme to studies of the top quark, Higgs boson, and direct high-$p_T$ searches for new particles and force carriers. We discuss the complementarity of their discovery potential for physics beyond the Standard Model, affirming the necessity to fully exploit the LHC's flavour physics potential throughout its upgrade eras.

An experimental search for the electron electric-dipole moment using the $a(1){[}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}]$ state of PbO is currently underway and promises to yield high precision. Several experimental parameters are required as input to theoretical determinations of the sensitivity of the proposed experiment. We use molecular-beam spectroscopy to determine the hyperfine constant, molecular dipole moment, and Lande g factor of the $a(1)$ state, and the electronic isotope shifts of the $X\ensuremath{-}a$ transition.

This article describes a new charged-particle track fitting algorithm designed for use in high-speed electronics applications such as hardware-based triggers in high-energy physics experiments. Following a novel technique designed for fast electronics, the positions of the hits on the detector are transformed before being passed to a linearized track parameter fit. This transformation results in fitted track parameters with a very linear dependence on the hit positions. The approach is demonstrated in a representative detector geometry based on the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The fit is implemented in FPGA chips and optimized for track fitting throughput and obtains excellent track parameter performance. Such an algorithm is potentially useful in any high-speed track-fitting application.

With machine learning applications now spanning a variety of computational tasks, multi-user shared computing facilities are devoting a rapidly increasing proportion of their resources to such algorithms. Graph neural networks (GNNs), for example, have provided astounding improvements in extracting complex signatures from data and are now widely used in a variety of applications, such as particle jet classification in high energy physics (HEP). However, GNNs also come with an enormous computational penalty that requires the use of GPUs to maintain reasonable throughput. At shared computing facilities, such as those used by physicists at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), methodical resource allocation and high throughput at the many-user scale are key to ensuring that resources are being used as efficiently as possible. These facilities, however, primarily provide CPU-only nodes, which proves detrimental to time-to-insight and computational throughput for workflows that include machine learning inference. In this work, we describe how a shared computing facility can use the NVIDIA Triton Inference Server to optimize its resource allocation and computing structure, recovering high throughput while scaling out to multiple users by massively parallelizing their machine learning inference. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this system in a realistic multi-user environment, we use the Fermilab Elastic Analysis Facility augmented with the Triton Inference Server to provide scalable and high throughput access to a HEP-specific GNN and report on the outcome.

This talk presents results from the CMS and ATLAS Collaborations from searches for physics beyond the Standard Model motivated by supersymmetry from Run 1 of the LHC. Representative searches are described to illustrate the diverse nature of the search program in both background estimation techniques and final state topologies. The status of preparation for Run 2 searches at 13 TeV is also presented.

on behalf of the CMS CollaborationRecent results from CMS are reviewed for searches for supersymmetry in final states with multiple bottom quark jets.Results are based on the full 2012 CMS dataset consisting of 19.5 fb -1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 8 TeV.In particular, searches for final states with multiple b-jets and one or two leptons are presented.These final states are of special interest in the context of the search for third generation squarks in gluino or sbottom cascade decays, as predicted by natural supersymmetry.

The sensitivity for CMS searches for supersymmetry is evaluated in the context of an upgraded LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 300 fb-1. Results for several key searches for supersymmetry are presented including direct and gluino-mediated stop and sbottom production and electroweak production of supersymmetric particles.

Results from studies of quarkonium production are presented from the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. We report measurements of the ratio of chi_c2/chi_c1 production versus transverse momentum and Upsilon(nS) production vs rapidity and transverse momentum for the 1S, 2S and 3S states. Reconstruction of Bc mesons is also presented in two decay channels.

Measurements of heavy flavor production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7.0 TeV recorded at the CMS experiment are presented. Double differential cross sections with respect to transverse momentum and rapidity are shown for J/Psi and Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S). The inclusive open beauty rate is measured with two different techniques, including a study of the angular correlations between b jets in events with two identified b jets. Lastly, the B+, B0, and B0s production rates are measured from the reconstruction of exclusive final states.

Recent results from CMS are reviewed for searches for supersymmetry in final states with multiple bottom quark jets. Results are based on the full 2012 CMS dataset consisting of 19.5 fb-1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. In particular, searches for final states with multiple b-jets and one or two leptons are presented. These final states are of special interest in the context of the search for third generation squarks in gluino or sbottom cascade decays, as predicted by natural supersymmetry.

Heavy-flavor physics offers the opportunity to make indirect tests of physics beyond the Standard Model through precision measurements, and of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) through particle production studies.The rare decays B 0 s (B 0 ) → µ + µ -and D 0 → µ + µ -are excellent tests of the flavor sector of the Standard Model and are sensitive to new physics.We report on studies of these decays and present the first observation of the excited b baryon Ξ * 0 b in strong decays to Ξ - b and a charged pion, the observation of two B c meson decay modes and production properties of the Λ b baryon, all performed with the CMS experiment in pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV.

Results from studies of quarkonium production are presented from the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV.We report measurements of the ratio of χ c2 /χ c1 production versus p T and ϒ(nS) production vs rapidity and p T for the 1S, 2S and 3S states.Reconstruction of B c mesons is also presented in two decay channels.

Heavy-flavor physics offers the opportunity to make indirect tests of physics beyond the Standard Model through precision measurements, and of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) through particle production studies. The rare decays B0s, B0 and D0 to dimuon final states are excellent tests of the flavor sector of the Standard Model and are sensitive to new physics. We report on studies of these decays and present the first observation of the excited b baryon Xib*0 in strong decays to Xib and a charged pion, the observation of two Bc meson decay modes and production properties of the Lambda_b baryon, all performed with the CMS experiment in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV.

Measurements of hadron production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the CMS detector are reported. Transverse momentum, pseudorapidity and multiplicity distributions of charged hadrons are presented. For non-single-diffractive collisions, the average charged-hadron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity density reveal an increase in production rate not well matched by theory and models. Measured spectra of identified strange particles, K0S, Lambda, anti-Lambda, Xi- and Xi+, reconstructed based on their decay topology, are also presented. The production rates for strange particles are observed to be in excess of those predicted by Monte Carlo models by up to a factor of three.

Measurements of hadron production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the CMS detector are reported. Transverse momentum, pseudorapidity and multiplicity distributions of charged hadrons are presented. For non-single-diffractive collisions, the average charged-hadron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity density reveal an increase in production rate not well matched by theory and models. Measured spectra of identified strange particles, K0S, Lambda, anti-Lambda, Xi- and Xi+, reconstructed based on their decay topology, are also presented. The production rates for strange particles are observed to be in excess of those predicted by Monte Carlo models by up to a factor of three.

The 2009 run provided the first proton-proton collisions from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at center of mass energies of 900 GeV and 2.36 TeV. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment has recorded a large sample of minimum bias events from these collisions. We present results from the all silicon tracking detectors from this run. The performance of the tracker and track reconstruction algorithms are considered including signal-to-noise, efficiencies and comparisons to simulation for track parameter and resonance reconstruction performance.

Measurements of hadron production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the CMS detector are reported. Transverse momentum, pseudorapidity and multiplicity distributions of charged hadrons are presented. For non-single-diffractive collisions, the average charged-hadron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity density reveal an increase in production rate not well matched by theory and models. Measured spectra of identified strange particles, K0S, Lambda, anti-Lambda, Xi- and Xi+, reconstructed based on their decay topology, are also presented. The production rates for strange particles are observed to be in excess of those predicted by Monte Carlo models by up to a factor of three.

Measurements of hadron production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the CMS detector are reported. Transverse momentum, pseudorapidity and multiplicity distributions of charged hadrons are presented. For non-single-diffractive collisions, the average charged-hadron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity density reveal an increase in production rate not well matched by theory and models. Measured spectra of identified strange particles, K0S, Lambda, anti-Lambda, Xi- and Xi+, reconstructed based on their decay topology, are also presented. The production rates for strange particles are observed to be in excess of those predicted by Monte Carlo models by up to a factor of three.

Measurements of hadron production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the CMS detector are reported. Transverse momentum, pseudorapidity and multiplicity distributions of charged hadrons are presented. For non-single-diffractive collisions, the average charged-hadron transverse momentum and pseudorapidity density reveal an increase in production rate not well matched by theory and models. Measured spectra of identified strange particles, K0S, Lambda, anti-Lambda, Xi- and Xi+, reconstructed based on their decay topology, are also presented. The production rates for strange particles are observed to be in excess of those predicted by Monte Carlo models by up to a factor of three.

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a multi-purpose detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Its excellent tracking system, combined with low momentum muon trigger capabilities, allows for precise studies of heavy flavour physics. The capabilities of the CMS experiment in this field have been studied in several benchmark processes. These studies are based on a full detector simulation and show the capability of CMS to identify, select and reconstruct heavy flavour decays, which present a significant challenge due to the high backgrounds and relatively low particle momenta. After a description of the detector, the trigger system, and the trigger strategy for B physics, four heavy flavour analyses in CMS are presented: exclusive Bs0 decays to J/ψϕ and to μ+μ−; a study of the Bc+ meson; and the decay τ−→μ−μ−μ+.

Abstract We present a flexible and scalable approach to address the challenges of charged particle track reconstruction in real-time event filters (Level-1 triggers) in collider physics experiments. The method described here is based on a full-mesh architecture for data distribution and relies on the Associative Memory approach to implement a pattern recognition algorithm that quickly identifies and organizes hits associated to trajectories of particles originating from particle collisions. We describe a successful implementation of a demonstration system composed of several innovative hardware and algorithmic elements. The implementation of a full-size system relies on the assumption that an Associative Memory device with the sufficient pattern density becomes available in the future, either through a dedicated ASIC or a modern FPGA. We demonstrate excellent performance in terms of track reconstruction efficiency, purity, momentum resolution, and processing time measured with data from a simulated LHC-like tracking detector.

This study reports measurements of the branching fractions of B meson decays to {eta}{prime}K{sup +}, {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}, {omega}{pi}{sup +}, {omega}K{sup +}, and {omega}K{sup 0}. Charge asymmetries are measured for the charged modes and the time-dependent CP-violation parameters S and C are measured for the neutral modes. The results are based on a data sample of 347 fb{sup -1} containing 383 million B{bar B} pairs recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- storage ring located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Statistically significant signals are observed for all channels with the following results: B(B{sup +} {yields} {eta}{prime}K{sup +}) = (70.0{+-}1.5{+-}2.8)x10{sup -6}, B(B{sup 0} {yields} {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}) = (66.6{+-}2.6{+-}2.8)x10{sup -6}, B(B{sup +} {yields} {omega}{pi}{sup +}) = (6.7{+-}0.5{+-}0.4)x10{sup -6}, B(B{sup +} {yields} {omega}K{sup +}) = (6.3{+-}0.5{+-}0.3)x10-6, and B(B{sup 0} {yields} ?K0) = (5.6{+-}0.8{+-}0.3)x10-6, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. We measure A{sub ch}({eta}{prime}K{sup +}) = +0.010{+-}0.022{+-}0.006, A{sub ch}({omega}{pi}{sup +}) = -0.02{+-}0.08{+-}0.01, A{sub ch}({omega}K{sup +}) = -0.01{+-}0.07{+-}0.01, S{sub {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}{sub S}} = 0.56{+-}0.12{+-}0.02, C{sub {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}{sub S}} = -0.24 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.03, S{sub {omega}{prime}K{sup 0}{sub S}} = 0.62+0.25 -0.29 {+-} 0.02, and C{sub {omega}{prime}K{sup 0}{sub S}} = -0.39+0.25 -0.24 {+-} 0.03. The result in S{sub {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}{sub S}} contributes to the published measurement from BABAR, which differs from zero by 5.5 standard deviations and is the first observation of mixing-induced CP-violation in a charmless B decay.

Due to the high degree of flexibility when designing firmware for FPGAs, the build process and the designs themselves are vulnerable to errors.Continuous integration is a fast way to detect a majority of such errors.Additionally, simulations -using test methodologies for testbenches such as unit tests -and hardware tests can be automated.Continuous integration offers the benefits of reproducible results, reliable error detection, error tracing, avoiding human errors in the build process, and minimizing the manual verification of the firmware.Such an extensive and automated development procedure requires a slight increase in setup time and the need to use a comprehensive integration tool, such as the GitLab's CI/CD tools.

We present recent results of hadronic B meson decays related to the CKM angle beta. The data used were collected by the BABAR detector at the pepII asymmetric-energy e+e- collider operating at the Upsilon(4S) resonance located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.