Johannes Lange

Despite the widespread use of polymers as precipitation inhibitors in supersaturating drug formulations, the current understanding of their mechanisms of action is still incomplete. Specifically, the role of hydrophobic drug interactions with polymers by considering possible supramolecular conformations in aqueous dispersion is an interesting topic. Accordingly, this study investigated the tendency of polymers to create hydrophobic domains, where lipophilic compounds may nest to support drug solubilisation and supersaturation. Fluorescence spectroscopy with the environment-sensitive probe pyrene was compared with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of the model drug fenofibrate (FENO). Subsequently, kinetic drug supersaturation and thermodynamic solubility experiments were conducted. As a result, the different polymers showed hydrophobic domain formation to a varying degree and the molecular simulations supported interpretation of fluorescence spectroscopy data. Molecular insights were gained into the conformational structure of how the polymers interacted with FENO in solution phase, which apart from nucleation and crystal growth effects, determined drug concentrations in solution. Notable was that even at the lowest polymer concentration of 0.01 %, w/v, there were polymer-specific solubilisation effects of FENO observed and the resulting reduction in apparent drug supersaturation provided relevant knowledge both from a mechanistic and practical perspective.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the introduction of online podcasts as part of the main lecture series in orthopaedics on the number of lecture attendees, the examination results and the assessment of teaching by the students. Additionally, we evaluated the use of other media for examination preparation.At the beginning and end of the lecture series questionnaires were handed out to the students to evaluate their attitudes towards attending lectures, the use of video podcasts and examination preparation. In addition, the number of lecture attendees and podcast usage during the semester were counted and the statements of the students in the evaluation assessments of orthopaedic teaching were evaluated. The examination results were correlated in a statistical analysis with the learning materials provided by the students for examination preparation.At the end of the lecture series, 284 students stated that they used the lecture podcast about twice as often as attending lectures; however, for the majority of the students the provision of a video podcast was no reason not to attend the lecture. For example, 37.2% stated that they never and 26.8% stated that they rarely had not attended the lecture by providing the podcasts. Of the students 91-95% considered the availability of lecture podcasts to be a rather meaningful or very meaningful supplement to the lecture visit. Students increasingly used digital media to prepare for examinations instead of using traditional analogue methods. None of the learning methods or materials examined showed a statistically significant advantage in examination results.Students in the age of digitalization use a variety of learning materials and are no longer bound to classical analog teaching methods. The use of online podcasts had no negative impact on examination performance. Most students perceived lecture podcasts as a useful supplement to lecture attendance. The students praised the expansion of the teaching curriculum to include additional digital offers with positive comments in the evaluations, but without achieving an improvement in these student evaluations.ZIELSETZUNG: Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, den Einfluss der Einführung von Online-Podcasts im Rahmen der Hauptvorlesungsreihe der Orthopädie auf die Anzahl an Vorlesungsbesuchern, die Prüfungsergebnisse oder die Bewertung der Lehre durch die Studierenden zu evaluieren. Zusätzlich wurde die Nutzung anderer Lehrmedien zur Prüfungsvorbereitung evaluiert.Zu Beginn und zum Ende der Vorlesungsreihe wurden Fragebögen an die Studierenden ausgegeben, um deren Einstellung zum Vorlesungsbesuch, zur Nutzung von Video-Podcasts und zur Prüfungsvorbereitung zu evaluieren. Des Weiteren wurden die Vorlesungsbesucher und Podcast-Nutzungen während des Semesters gezählt und die Aussagen der Studierenden in den Evaluationsbewertungen der Lehre in der Orthopädie evaluiert. Die Prüfungsergebnisse wurde in einer statistischen Analyse mit den von den Studierenden angegeben Lernmaterialien zur Prüfungsvorbereitung korreliert.Am Ende der Vorlesungsreihe gaben 284 Studierende an, die Vorlesungs-Podcasts etwa doppelt so häufig genutzt zu haben wie die Möglichkeit zum Vorlesungsbesuch. Jedoch war die Bereitstellung eines Video-Podcasts für den Großteil der Studierenden kein Grund, die Vorlesung nicht zu besuchen. So gaben 37,2 % an „nie“ und 26,8 % „selten“ durch die Bereitstellung der Podcasts auf den Vorlesungsbesuch verzichtet zu haben. Für eine „eher sinnvolle“ oder „sehr sinnvolle“ Ergänzung zum Vorlesungsbesuch hielten 91–95 % der Studierenden die Verfügbarkeit von Vorlesungs-Podcasts. Die Studierenden verwendeten zur Prüfungsvorbereitung vermehrt digitale Medien anstatt klassischer analoger Methoden. Keine der überprüften Lernmethoden oder -materialien zeigte einen statistisch signifikanten Vorteil in der Prüfungsvorbereitung.Studierende im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung benutzen eine Vielzahl von Lernmaterialen und sind nicht mehr an klassische analoge Lehrmethoden gebunden. Der Einsatz von Online-Podcasts hatte keinen negativen Einfluss auf die Prüfungsleistung. Die meisten Studierenden empfinden Vorlesungs-Podcasts als eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zum Vorlesungsbesuch. Die Studierenden honorierten die Erweiterung des Lehrcurriculums um digitale Zusatzangebote mit positiven Kommentaren in den Evaluationen, allerdings ohne eine Verbesserung dieser studentischen Bewertungen zu erreichen.

Artificial intelligence is a rapidly expanding area of research, with the disruptive potential to transform traditional approaches in the pharmaceutical industry, from drug discovery and development to clinical practice. Machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has fundamentally transformed in silico modelling and has the capacity to streamline clinical translation. This paper reviews data-driven modelling methodologies with a focus on drug formulation development. Despite recent advances, there is limited modelling guidance specific to drug product development and a trend towards suboptimal modelling practices, resulting in models that may not give reliable predictions in practice. There is an overwhelming focus on benchtop experimental outcomes obtained for a specific modelling aim, leaving the capabilities of data scraping or the use of combined modelling approaches yet to be fully explored. Moreover, the preference for high accuracy can lead to a reliance on black box methods over interpretable models. This further limits the widespread adoption of machine learning as black boxes yield models that cannot be easily understood for the purposes of enhancing product performance. In this review, recommendations for conducting machine learning research for drug product development to ensure trustworthiness, transparency, and reliability of the models produced are presented. Finally, possible future directions on how research in this area might develop are discussed to aim for models that provide useful and robust guidance to formulators.

The radio-based indoor localization and tracking of people and materials is an ongoing research issue. A typical localization system uses the received signal strength (RSS) values of a line of reference nodes (RNs) to determine the position of a radio transmitter with unknown position. The so called blind node (BN) should use low-power components for a long battery life and should also be weight-optimized for the localization and tracking of people. Therefore, we investigate the use of the eZ430 radio platform which uses a system-on-chip design containing a low-power microcontroller part and an 868 MHz radio transceiver. The device comes in a sports watch case and also contains sensors for air pressure and acceleration measurements. The last one is used to increase the accuracy of the localization by a three-dimensional motion detection framework. Experimental results for a localization in an office building are used to evaluate the performance, especially the influence of the new motion detection framework.

Zusammenfassung Die Detektion von Fasern im Beton wird mittels Bildverarbeitungsmethoden durch Kreis- und Ellipsenerkennung durchgeführt. Eine Herausforderung bei der Auswertung stellen neben der geringen Fasergröße die große Faseranzahl, Überlappungen, Berührungen, Formfehler sowie die Qualität der Bilder dar. Anhand der zufällig verteilten Stahlfasern oder der in Lastrichtung orientierten Glasfasern werden an grundlegend unterschiedlichen, aber ähnlich auszuwertenden Beispielen aus dem Bauwesen Methoden wie die Mathematische Morphologie, die Randomisierte Hough-Transformation und Nachverarbeitungsmethoden erläutert.

Article 35. Bemerkungen zu der Abhandlung von Boeters: Zur Entmannung von Sittlichkeitsverbrechern was published on January 1, 1934 in the journal Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform (volume 25, issue 1).

First published in 1931, Crime as Destiny throws a beam of light across the darkness which enshrouds the study of the deeper causes of crime and the eternal debate between nature versus nurture. The author’s investigations led him to conclusions of the first importance to the sociologist and the psychologist. But the subject is wilder than it seems and by its direct bearing on the question of determinism will arouse the interest of the theologian and the student of philosophy as well. For the student of history, this research work will help trace the beginning of the logic of eugenics that will eventually take its nightmarish form under Hitler.

The device-free localization of people and objects in indoor environments is a key technology for ambient assisted living scenarios. For the detection of users no mobile hardware need to be worn. The technology keeps the privacy of the user and thus, it gains a high user acceptance. Looking at performance metrics like detection and false alarm rates, a solution relying on a single-channel signal strength sensor is not sufficient. With a multichannel transceiver and up to eight redundant signal strength values for each pair of reference nodes, the probability of user detection can be increased significantly. Experiment results for the localization of a user in a single-room apartment are used to validate the advantageous performance of the multichannel approach.

Device-free localization (DFL) and tracking of humans is an emerging technology and key component for the future of ambient assisted living. An unobtrusive radio-based system without mobile devices which have to be attached to the user enables a lot of applications, e.g. the passive health care monitoring of elderly in their home. The variations of the received signal strength (RSS) between deployed reference nodes are used as sensor for the detection of humans on the line-of-sight (LOS) between the regarding nodes. The main drawback of device-free localization using RSS variations is the limited reliability in typical home environments with shadowing and fading effects. Thus, not only on the LOS but also other regions may indicate a detection. To reduce the number of false alarms, we propose a multimodal diversity platform with the use of redundant RSS sensors. Beside antenna diversity also frequency diversity is used. The general signal behavior for different frequency bands is evaluated by high-resolution path loss experiments in a factory hall. Experiment results for the tracking of people along a corridor are used for the validation of the improved performance using redundant RSS information. With the proposed methodology, the average location estimation error is reduced significantly while no false alarms occur.

Wer das Bemühen, Krankheitseinheiten abzugrenzen, nicht von vornherein als „Jagd nach einem Phantom”, als hoffnunglos ablehnt, der sieht sich doch angesichts der Stockung in der klinisch-psychiatrischen Forschung gezwungen, den Ursachen dieses Stillstandes nachzugehen und neue Wege zum Vorwärtskommen zu suchen. Wie kommt es, daß pathogenetisch einheitlichen Krankheitsvorgängen klinisch die allerverschiedensten Bilder, pathogenetisch verschiedenen Leiden aber äußerlich ganz gleichartige Erscheinungen entsprechen können? In einer Arbeit über „die Erscheinungsformen des Irreseins” geht Kraepelin diesen Fragen nach. Er führt etwa folgendes aus: Krankheitsvorgänge werden zunächst nur allereinfachste Wirkungen haben: Zerstörung, Lähmung, Reizung oder Hemmung ausgedehnter oder umgrenzter Hirnteile und als deren unmittelbare Folgen Ausfall, Unzulänglichkeit, Erschwerung oder Erleichterung dieser oder jener seelischen Leistungen, Reizerscheinungen, Erregungs- oder Stuporzustände, ferner vielleicht noch Stimmungsänderungen verschiedener Färbung. Die Ausfüllung dieser allgemeinen Umrisse entstammt den in der Persönlichkeit des Erkrankten gelegenen Vorbedingungen. Diese letzteren vermögen nun unter Umständen die äußeren Krankheitserscheinungen so zu gestalten, daß das Wesen des zugrunde liegenden Krankheitsvorganges darunter verschwindet. Um mit Birnbaum zu reden: das Pathoplastische verdeckt in vielen Fällen den pathogenetischen Vorgang. Abhilfe aus diesen Schwierigkeiten verspricht die vergleichende Psychiatrie. Allen Versuchen jedoch, den pathoplastischen Einfluß dieser in der Persönlichkeit des Erkrankten gelegenen Vorbedingungen festzustellen, muß die Umgrenzung der Krankheitsvorgänge vorangehen. Auf dieser Grundlage wird es dann gelingen, die Bedeutung von Geschlecht, Lebensalter, Volks- und Berufsart, Klima, allgemeinen und persönlichen Lebensverhältnissen, vor allem aber der in der Erbanlage gegebenen besonderen Bedingungen zu erforschen.

In unseren Ausführungen suchten wir aufzuzeigen, welche Bedeutung katatonen Erscheinungen im Rahmen manischer Erkrankungen zukommt, und unter welchen Bedingungen sie auftreten. Dabei haben wir den Begriff der katatonen Symptome auf alle diejenigen Erscheinungen ausgedehnt, die man am häufigsten bei der Schizophrenie antrifft, unter Einbeziehung dessen, was Kraepelin als sprachhalluzinatorische Äußerungsform des Irreseins zusammenfaßt.

Bevor wir einen Überblick über unsere Befunde geben, müssen wir kurz bezeichnen, was wir unter katatonen bzw. schizophrenen Symptomen verstehen wollen. Als solche gelten uns zunächst die zuerst von Kahlbaum beschriebenen eigentlichen katatonen Willensstörungen, voran der Negativismus, dann die Stereotypien, Manieren, die Befehlsautomatie und die Echosymptome, die Katalepsie, die hyperkinetischen und Stuporzustände, schließlich mit Bleuler die Automatismen und impulsiven Handlungen. Wir nehmen ferner hinzu die der Dp eigentümlichen Affektstörungen, vor allem die Affektlosigkeit, auf die Kraepelin großen Nachdruck legt. Dazu kommen die unter dem Einfluß von Bleuler immer mehr Bedeutung beanspruchenden, von ihm eingehend gewürdigten schizophrenen Assoziationsstörungen. Endlich nehmen wir noch unter die Erscheinungen, die uns zunächst beschäftigen sollen, die Halluzinationen hinein, insbesondere die akustischen, die in innigen Beziehungen zu der Dp zu stehen scheinen.

Article Psychiatrische Bemerkungen zum Gesetz zur Verhütung erbkranken Nachwuchses. was published on January 1, 1934 in the journal Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft (volume 53, issue Jahresband).

Journal of PersonalityVolume 2, Issue 2 p. 117-126 FACIAL LUPUS AND PERSONALITY * JOHANNES LANGE, JOHANNES LANGE University of BreslauSearch for more papers by this author JOHANNES LANGE, JOHANNES LANGE University of BreslauSearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1933 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1933.tb02088.x * Lecture delivered before the Society of Psychiatrists and Neurologists of South and East Germany, Prague, May, 1932. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume2, Issue2December 1933Pages 117-126 RelatedInformation

A search for supersymmetry in final states with photons is presented in this thesis. Data collected in Run II of the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV is used. The proton-proton collision dataset recorded with the CMS experiment in 2015 corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb−1. The analysis is designed to be sensitive to electroweak production of supersymmetric particles and compressed mass spectra. All considered models are motivated by gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. A cut-and-count experiment is performed using three exclusive search bins. No sign for physics beyond the standard model is observed. Exclusion limits are set for a general gauge mediation scenario and a simplified model assuming electroweak gaugino production. A similar sensitivity is reached as in the search performed at p s = 8TeV. Additionally, two simplified models of gluino pair production are considered. The currently best limits set by CMS can be improved for these scenarios at large neutralino and chargino masses.

grid-control is a lightweight and highly portable open source submission tool that supports all common workflows in high energy physics (HEP). It has been used by a sizeable number of HEP analyses to process tasks that sometimes consist of up to 100k jobs.

The second workshop on the HEP Analysis Ecosystem took place 23-25 May 2022 at IJCLab in Orsay, to look at progress and continuing challenges in scaling up HEP analysis to meet the needs of HL-LHC and DUNE, as well as the very pressing needs of LHC Run 3 analysis. The workshop was themed around six particular topics, which were felt to capture key questions, opportunities and challenges. Each topic arranged a plenary session introduction, often with speakers summarising the state-of-the art and the next steps for analysis. This was then followed by parallel sessions, which were much more discussion focused, and where attendees could grapple with the challenges and propose solutions that could be tried. Where there was significant overlap between topics, a joint discussion between them was arranged. In the weeks following the workshop the session conveners wrote this document, which is a summary of the main discussions, the key points raised and the conclusions and outcomes. The document was circulated amongst the participants for comments before being finalised here.

With regard to large-scale electricity storage systems, the concept of Pumped Thermal Energy Storage systems (PTES) has emerged in the last years. PTES systems store electrical energy in the form of thermal energy, which is later reconverted to electrical energy. Unlike pumped hydro power or compressed air energy storage, this technology allows for a site-independent installation. Compared to batteries, the durability is expected to be higher. The considered PTES system consists of a heat pump, a thermal storage system and an Organic Rankine Cycle. So far, comparable systems were mainly investigated at temperature levels below 160 ◦C using standard cycles. In this work, a pumped thermal energy storage system is investigated at significantly higher storage temperatures of 194 ◦C and 306 ◦C. After the selection of compatible working fluids and storage materials, cycle enhancements are applied to the heat pump and heat engine. A parameter variation and an exergy analysis identify the crucial components and losses. Besides the application as a pure electricity storage, the options of heat integration and extraction are considered. It could be shown that higher storage temperatures lead in general to a higher electric storage efficiency. At a storage temperature of 194 ◦C, power to power efficiencies of 59.3 % are possible when employing efficient machinery and heat exchangers. At even higher temperatures of 306 ◦C, the efficiency could not be further increased due to the lack of suitable working fluids. All simulations were conducted in EBSILON®

Von 1964 bis 1974 wurden in der Frauenklinik Charlottenburg, FU Berlin, 40 Fälle von Blasen-Scheidenfisteln auf vaginalem Weg versorgt, von denen durch Nachuntersuchung im postoperativen Zeitraum von 3 Monaten bis 5 Jahre 34 Fälle für diesen Bericht ausgewertet werden konnten (Tab. 1).