David Zou

The AMC13 provides clock, timing and DAQ service for many subdetectors and central systems in the upgraded CMS detector. This year we have developed an upgraded module, the AMC13XG, which supports 10 gigabit optical fiber and backplane interfaces. Many of these modules are now being installed in the CMS experiment during the current LHC shutdown. We describe the implementation using Xilinx Kintex-7™ FPGAs, commissioning, production testing and integration in the CMS HCAL and other subsystems.

The general-purpose approximate nature of neural network (NN) based accelerators has the potential to sustain the historic energy and performance improvements of computing systems. We propose the use of NN-based accelerators to approximate mathematical functions in the GNU C Library (glibc) that commonly occur in application benchmarks. Using our NN-based approach to approximate cos, exp, log, pow, and sin we achieve an average energy-delay product (EDP) that is 68x lower than that of traditional glibc execution. In applications, our NN-based approach has an EDP 78% of that of traditional execution at the cost of an average mean squared error (MSE) of 1.56.

Download This Paper Open PDF in Browser Add Paper to My Library Share: Permalink Using these links will ensure access to this page indefinitely Copy URL Copy DOI

While a routinely rebalanced portfolio such as a 60-40 equity-bond mix is commonly employed by many investors, most do not understand that the rebalancing strategy adds risk. Rebalancing is similar to starting with a buy and hold portfolio and adding a short straddle (selling both a call and a put option) on the relative value of the portfolio assets. The option-like payoff to rebalancing induces negative convexity by magnifying drawdowns when there are pronounced divergences in asset returns. The expected return from rebalancing is compensation for this extra risk. We show how a higher-frequency momentum overlay can reduce the risks induced by rebalancing by improving the timing of the rebalance. This smart rebalancing, which incorporates a momentum overlay, shows relatively stable portfolio weights and reduced drawdowns.

雷暴期间大气电场强度变化及其伴随的宇宙线粒子增长的研究, 对于理解大气电场对宇宙线次级粒子的加速机制具有极其重要的意义. 2006年4月至 8月期间, 西藏羊八井宇宙线观测站记录到了20多次雷暴事件. 分析了雷暴期间, ARGO实验scaler模式下次级宇宙线计数与大气电场之间的相关性. 结果显示, 雷暴期间大气电场剧烈变化时, 多重数<I>n</I>=1, 2的次级宇宙线计数率有明显增长, 增幅在1%～9%之间, 然而<I>n</I>=3, <I>n</I>≥ 4的次级宇宙线计数率增长不明显, 甚至没有增长. 该结果为进一步研究雷暴期间大气电场对次级宇宙线的加速机制打下了基础.

&lt;p&gt;To address the limited and time delay disaster communication, a joint optimization scheme integrates the advantages of differential evolution algorithm (DE) and naked mole- rat algorithm (NMR), and proposes L&amp;eacute;vy and sigmoidal DE-NMR, namely LS-DN. LS-DN applies the L&amp;eacute;vy flight parameters of adaptive features and sigmoidal selection factor (&amp;lambda;) to the worker of NMR phase, and optimizes the crossover rate (CR) and variation parameter (F) in the DE algorithm, to obtain a balance the exploration and development capabilities. The proposed LS-DN algorithm is used to optimize the user aggregation scheme, since an effect aggregation of disaster victims can reduce power consumption and improve system performance. An value of power external function (Cfn ) is defined for each disaster victim, which is expressed as the system power consumption value for each disaster victim under different aggregation schemes. To minimize the microcell power without deteriorating the quality of service (QoS), it is demonstrated by analyzing the relevant characteristics of non-orthogonal multiple access（NOMA）disaster communication that the power consumption strongly depends on user aggregation method and power allocation. The significance of joint optimization for improving the performance of NOMA disaster communication systems is also emphasized. Simulation results show that LS-DN is able to significantly reduce the power consumption of the system. With the application of LS-DN, the throughput of NOMA system increases by 65% compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

In this article, a configurable and highly flexible four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) serializer/deserializer (SerDes) simulation system based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is designed, which can simulate all bit rates currently supported by actual chips, such as 112 Gb/s. Compared to software simulation systems, the efficiency of this hardware simulation system is greatly improved. This simulation system allows parameterized configuration, and when paired with a CPU, it can save simulation data from various stages. Therefore, this simulation system can help integrated circuit (IC) designers save time and resources, design SerDes chips under different channel conditions, explore the error model of SerDes chips, and design improved equalization and forward error correction (FEC) schemes. Because some existing SerDes module algorithms are not publicly accessible, the commonly used SerDes module algorithms are summarized in this article, and some of them are modified. First, a parallel architecture for a scrambler/descrambler is designed using the Chisel language, which can be used to construct synchronous or asynchronous scramblers/descramblers of any parallel stage. Second, for the designed simulation system, the sign-to-sign Mueller–Muller phase detector (MMPD) from nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) to PAM4 is introduced, eliminating the detection of rising or falling edges and instead performing phase detection between any two unit intervals (UIs). Experiments on the designed simulation system show a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) error of 0.05151 dB compared to theoretical results under the same bit error rate (BER) condition and a mean error of 0.03488 dB. The simulation results agree with the theoretical prediction.

Abstract In this paper, a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) re-decision algorithm for a 6-level pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM6) high-speed transceiver is proposed. PAM6 is a two-dimensional (2D) modulation. The four outer points are not used in the 2D constellation diagram to reduce the output power. Although the four outer points will not be modulated, they may be encountered during demodulation. This paper considers the above situation and theoretically analyzes the DFE module under the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Compared with the traditional pipelined DFE structure, the proposed algorithm can help solve the four outer points in PAM6. A serializer/deserializer (SerDes) simulation system is built based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and the performance of the proposed algorithm is carried out on the simulation system. According to this proposed algorithm, the symbol error rate (SER) of the PAM6 SerDes system can be reduced, and the system performance can be improved. When the DFE tap coefficient is 0.50 and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 22.0 dB, the proposed algorithm can additionally correct 8.18 % of erroneous symbols. When the DFE tap coefficient is 1.00 and the SNR is 22.0 dB, the proposed algorithm can additionally correct 17.30 % of erroneous symbols.

Foreign objects threaten transmission line reliability and can cause cascading blackouts. Manual inspection of thousands of miles is inadequate. This paper presents an optimized deep learning model for real-time foreign object detection. We enhance YOLOv4 with GhostNet, CBAM, and BiFPN to to simplify the model structure and improve efficiency and accuracy. GhostNet enables lightweight detection through efficient convolutions. CBAM and BiFPN refine representations. Experiments show state-of-the-art accuracy while using 4.4x fewer parameters than YOLOv4. Our model operates in real-time on edge devices, advancing automated inspection to monitor critical infrastructure. Precise and timely foreign object detection enables proactive maintenance to prevent faults and failures.

In May 2012, the $Q^{p}_{\rm Weak}$ collaboration completed a two year measurement program to determine the weak charge of the proton ${Q^{p}_W} = ( 1 - 4\sin^2{\theta_{W}})$ at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF). The experiment was designed to produce a 4.0 % measurement of the weak charge, via a 2.5 % measurement of the parity violating asymmetry in the number of elastically scattered 1.165 GeV electrons from protons, at forward angles. At the proposed precision, the experiment would produce a 0.3 % measurement of the weak mixing angle at a momentum transfer of Q 2 = 0.026 GeV2, making it the most precise stand alone measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer. In combination with other parity measurements, $Q^{p}_{\rm Weak}$ will also provide a high precision determination of the weak charges of the up and down quarks. At the proposed precision, a significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction could be a signal of new physics at mass scales up to ≃ 6 TeV, whereas agreement would place new and significant constraints on possible Standard Model extensions at mass scales up to ≃ 2 TeV. This paper provides an overview of the physics and the experiment, as well as a brief look at some preliminary diagnostic and analysis data.

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab aims to make the first precision measurement of the proton's weak charge, QP = 1 - 4 sin 2 9w at Q2 = 0.026GeV 2 . Given the precision goals in the Qweak experiment, the electron beam polarization must be known to an absolute uncertainty of 1%. A new Compton polarimeter has been built and installed in Hall C in order to make this important measurement. Compton polarimetry has been chosen for its ability to deliver continuous on-line measuremnts at high currents necessary for Qweak (up to 180pzA). In this thesis, we collected and analyzed electron beam polarization data using the Qweak Compton polarimeter. Currently, data from the Compton can already be used to calculate preliminary values of experimental physics asymmetries and also the electron beam polarization. These preliminary results are promising indications that Qweak will be able to meet its stated precision goals.

<h3>Background</h3> CYT-100 is a first-generation iPSC derived NK cell product in development for use in combination with NK cell engager antibody (NKE) CYT-303 targeted against NKp46 activation receptor on NK cells and Glypican-3 (GPC3) expressed in the tumor for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The combination of CYT-100 and CYT-303 is expected to activate endogenous NK cells and provide additional functional NK cells in the HCC microenvironment. Here we describe preclinical characterization of CYT-100 alone or in combination with CYT-303. In addition, we compared CYT-100 expansion capacity potential to PBNKs (peripheral blood natural killer cells). <h3>Methods</h3> CYT-100 immunophenotyping was conducted by flow cytometry using a panel of NK cell directed antibodies. Intracellular signaling following stimulation of CYT-100 with rIL-2 or rIL-15 was assessed using a phospho STAT-5 antibody by flow cytometry and cell growth monitored by counting cells using the flow cytometer or a cell counting kit (CCK8). Hep3B tumor spheroids were formed in special U-bottom adhesive plates and tumor spheroid killing assays were conducted using the Incucyte^TM Live Cell Analysis System. Serial killing assays were conducted by repeatedly adding the same CYT-100 cells to fresh tumor cells following each round of tumor killing. The chromosome telomere length was assessed by a q-PCR assay. <h3>Results</h3> CYT-100 immunophenotyping results showed &gt; 95% expression of CD56/CD45, high expression of all activating receptors, except CD16, and some chemokine receptors including CXCR3, and minimal expression of most inhibiting receptors. Stimulation with rIL-2 or rIL-15 resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT-5 and increased cell growth over a period of 6 days, comparable to PBNKs, demonstrating the capacity of these cells to expand in the presence of cytokines. CYT-100 showed increased time-dependent killing of Hep3B tumor spheroids that peaked 2–3 days following of initiation of killing. This killing was enhanced in the presence of CYT-303 in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, CYT-100 showed serial killing of Hep3B tumors and this was enhanced in combination with CYT-303. Chromosome telomere length analysis of CYT-100 showed greater telomere length compared to that of PBNKs, suggesting greater expansion capacity potential of these cells. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The allogeneic IPSC derived NK cell product CYT-100 demonstrates cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells, sensitivity to cytokine activation and expansion potential. The cytotoxicity of this iNK product is further enhanced by combination with the NK cell engager antibody CYT-303. These data support further development of the combination of iNK cells and NKEs as therapeutics for HCC.

<h3>Background</h3> Natural killer (NK) cell therapies have shown a great promise for solid and liquid tumors in initial clinical trials. NK cells are innate immune cells with distinct potential safety and efficacy advantages compared to adoptive T-cell therapies. However, there are limitations with the persistence and immunosuppression of these cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, multiple sources of NK cells have been used in clinical trials and there are challenges with manufacturing homogeneous and high doses of these cells. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived NK cells offer an opportunity to generate unlimited and homogenous NK cells for allogeneic off-the-shelf therapies. We combined Cytovia’s iNK cell platform with Cellectis TALEN^® gene editing technology to improve potency and the manufacturing process. Clonally edited iPSC lines were generated by knocking in IL-15 and knocking out TGFβR2 to improve the persistence and antitumor activity, respectively. Edited iPSCs were differentiated into iNK cells with high efficiency using Cytovia’s proprietary platform. Methods iPSCs were edited at the B2M locus with TALEN^® pairs along with a template to knock in IL-15 by electroporation. Another TALEN^® pair was sequentially used to knock out TGFβR2. Edited single cell iPSCs were printed, expanded, and screened for clone selection. Selected clones were sequence verified by NGS and samples were submitted for off-target assessment by GUIDE-seq. Expression of IL-15 and TGFβR2 was measured by ELISA and western blot, respectively. iPSCs were differentiated into iNK cells and analyzed by surface staining and flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity assay was performed against K562 tumor cells. <h3>Results</h3> Several single and double gene edited iPSC lines were generated with high efficiency to produce NK cells: iPSC-IL-15 (+/+), iPSC-TGFβR2 (-/-) and iPSC-IL-15 (+/+)-TGFβR2 (-/-). These TALEN^®-edited iPSCs kept their pluripotency, exhibited normal morphology and karyotype with no detected off-target effect. Edited iPSCs were differentiated into NK cells with high efficiency (CD56+/CD45+&gt;95%) and enhanced cytotoxicity against K562 tumor cells compared to unedited iNK cells. Moreover, TGFβR2 protein was not detected, while the expression of secreted IL-15 was observed in the edited iNK cells confirming the phenotype of these cells. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Cytovia’s iPSC-NK platform combined with TALEN^® gene editing robustly and reliably generated single cell edited iPSC clones, which were expanded and differentiated into functionally improved iNK cells. The data indicated iNK cells edited with an IL-15 knock in and TGFβR2 knock out resulted in enhanced antitumor activity. The editing and manufacturing process will enable clinical evaluation of these product candidates.