Daniel Rosenzweig

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics of mixed electrolyte solutions. V. An isopiestic study of the aqueous systems tetrapropylammonium bromide-sodium bromide and tetramethylammonium bromide-sodium bromide at 25.deg.CD. Rosenzweig, J. Padova, and Y. MarcusCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1976, 80, 6, 601–605Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/j100547a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (544 KB) Supporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

Energy spectra of both protons and deuterons emitted following the capture of negative muons by $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ nuclei have been measured for energies above 15 MeV. A limited number of proton-neutron pairs emitted in coincidence were also observed. A simple plane wave impulse approximation (PWIA) model calculation yields fair agreement with the measured proton energy spectra, but underpredicts the measured rate of deuteron production above our energy threshold by a large factor. A more sophisticated PWIA calculation for the two-body breakup channel, based on a realistic three-body wave function for the initial state, is closer to the deuteron data at moderate energies, but still is significantly lower near the kinematic end point. The proton-neutron coincidence data also point to the presence of significant strength involving more than one nucleon in the capture process at high energy transfer. These results indicate that additional terms in the capture matrix element beyond the impulse approximation contribution may be required to explain the experimental data. Specifically, the inclusion of nucleon-nucleon correlations in the initial or final state and meson exchange current contributions could bring calculations into better agreement with our data. A fully microscopic calculation would thus open the possibility for a quantitative test of multinucleon effects in the weak interaction.

Spectra of energetic protons and deuterons emitted following negative muon capture from rest in $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ have been measured for the first time. Significant capture strength is observed at high energy transfers (${\mathit{m}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$-${\mathit{E}}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}$>60 MeV) for the two-body and three-body breakup channels, indicative of the importance of nucleon-nucleon correlations and meson exchange currents in the capture process. A simple plane wave impulse approximation calculation reproduces the proton spectrum reasonably well, but underpredicts the deuteron rate at the highest energies by a large factor.

We have measured the cross sections for high-energy photon production in $^{12,13}\mathrm{C}$${+}^{92,100}$Mo reactions at incident beam energies of 9--14 MeV/nucleon. The bombarding energy dependence, angular distribution, and projectile-target mass dependence of the photon yields at high energy, ${\mathit{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$\ensuremath{\ge}30 MeV, have been examined. Our measurements are consistent with production of these photons via nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung, the production mechanism dominant in heavy-ion collisions for E/A\ensuremath{\ge}20 MeV/nucleon.

Inclusive ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{+}$ photoproduction below the \ensuremath{\Delta}(1232) resonance has been measured from H, C, Ca, Sn, and Pb at laboratory angles of 51\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 81\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 109\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and 141\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} using tagged photons and \ensuremath{\Delta}E-E plastic scintillator telescopes with 17-MeV thresholds. Particle identification involved both the determination of differential energy loss and the detection of the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{+}$ from the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{+}$ decay. Double differential cross sections, angular distributions, and total cross sections were obtained for four incident photon energy bins centered at 184, 194, 204, and 213 MeV. Comparisons are made to both theoretical predictions and previous data sets. Ratios of nuclear cross sections to those obtained from the proton are extracted, and the features of these ratios are discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Abstract The densities of aqueous mixtures of (CH3)4NBr + NaBr and (C3H7)4NBr + NaBr were determined at 298.15 K at constant molality ratios. The mean apparent molar volumes were calculated and found to fit the limiting law with additional terms in ionic strength. The excess volumes were obtained. The results were compared with similar data in the literature and interpreted in terms of ion-ion interactions and Friedman's volume interaction parameters.

Angular asymmetries in the ( gamma ,n) reaction in natural calcium, cadmium, and lead have been measured in the energy region of the isovector quadruple resonance (20 to 40 MeV). The angular asymmetries increase from low values, about 0.2, to high values, about 0.6, where this resonance is expected. This increasing asymmetry is interpreted as resulting from the interference between electric dipole and quadruple amplitudes. The locations of the resonance are well determined. The widths are found to be considerably larger than those of the giant dipole resonance.

We have measured the angular asymmetry in the (γ, n) reaction on natural lead, cadmium, and calcium in the energy region of the isovector quadrupole resonance (20–40 MeV). The asymmetry increases from low values, about 0.2, to high values, 0.6–0.8, where this resonance is expected. This increasing asymmetry is interpreted as resulting from the interference between the E1 and E2 isovector amplitudes. We have fitted direct−semidirect calculations for lead and cadmium and have obtained resonance energies of 23.5 ± 1.5 and 26.5 ± 1.5 MeV for these elements, respectively. For calcium, preliminary results indicate a resonance energy of 34 ± 2 MeV. The widths are found to be considerably larger than those of the E1 resonance.

Inclusive inelastic scattering spectra from C, Ca, Sn, and Pb were measured for 100-MeV pions at a number of angles. The observed ratios of the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{+}$ total inelastic cross sections for the different targets are explained in terms of a simple model which is based on the assumption that the scattered pion has interacted with only one nucleon. This model also accounts for the ratio between normal and charge-exchange scattering cross sections at 100 MeV.

Osmotic coefficients were determined by a gravimetric isopiestic technique in aqueous sodium + tetraethylammonium bromides. The isopiestic results were treated by Scatchard's and by Friedman's procedures to yield the excess Gibbs free energies, the activity coefficients, and Friedman's free-energy interaction parameters. The results obtained were discussed and compared with those for similar mixed solutions.

Activity coefficients in the aqueous quaternary system sodium chloridepotassium chloride-magnesium chloride were derived from isopiestic measurements at 25~ The isopiestic data were treated by the various procedures of Scatchard, Friedman, and Reilly, Wood, and Robinson, and results obtained agreed fairly well with those obtained by pseudaternary transforms. Interaction parameters obtained indicated the preponderance of pairwise interactions. Excess Gibbs free energies of mixing were calculated.