David Mason

The NuTeV Collaboration has extracted the electroweak parameter sin(2)theta(W) from the measurement of the ratios of neutral current to charged current nu and (-)nu cross sections. Our value, sin(2)theta((on-shell))(W) = 0.2277 +/- 0.0013(stat) +/- 0.0009(syst), is 3 standard deviations above the standard model prediction. We also present a model independent analysis of the same data in terms of neutral-current quark couplings.

We present measurements of the semi-inclusive cross sections for νμ- and ν¯μ-nucleon deep inelastic scattering interactions with two oppositely charged muons in the final state. These events dominantly arise from the production of a charm quark during the scattering process. The measurement was obtained from the analysis of 5102 νμ-induced and 1458 ν¯μ-induced events collected with the NuTeV detector exposed to a sign-selected beam at the Fermilab Tevatron. We also extract a cross-section measurement from a reanalysis of 5030 νμ-induced and 1060 ν¯μ-induced events collected from the exposure of the same detector to a quad-triplet beam by the Chicago Columbia Fermilab Rochester (CCFR) experiment. The results are combined to obtain the most statistically precise measurement of neutrino-induced dimuon production cross sections to date. These measurements should be of broad use to phenomenologists interested in the dynamics of charm production, the strangeness content of the nucleon, and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element Vcd. Received 21 February 2001DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.64.112006©2001 American Physical Society

The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has obtained a unique high statistics sample of neutrino and anti-neutrino interactions using its high-energy sign-selected beam. We present a measurement of the differential cross section for charged-current neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering from iron. Structure functions, F_2(x,Q^2) and xF_3(x,Q^2), are determined by fitting the inelasticity, y, dependence of the cross sections. This measurement has significantly improved systematic precision as a consequence of more precise understanding of hadron and muon energy scales.

A search for neutral heavy leptons (NHLs) has been performed using an instrumented decay channel at the NuTeV (E-815) experiment at Fermilab. The data were examined for NHLs decaying into muonic final states ( μμν, μeν, μπ, and μρ); no evidence has been found for NHLs in the 0.25–2.0 GeV mass range. This analysis places limits on the mixing of NHLs with standard light neutrinos at a level up to an order of magnitude more restrictive than previous search limits in this mass range.Received 4 August 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.4943©1999 American Physical Society

Received 17 April 2003DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.239902©2003 American Physical Society

We present a new measurement of the difference between the nucleon strange and antistrange quark distributions from dimuon events recorded by the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab. This analysis is the first to use a complete next to leading order QCD description of charm production from neutrino scattering. Dimuon events in neutrino deep inelastic scattering allow direct and independent study of the strange and antistrange content of the nucleon. We find a positive strange asymmetry with a significance of 1.6σ. We also report a new measurement of the charm mass.Received 25 March 2007DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.192001©2007 American Physical Society

The NuTeV Collaboration recently reported a value of ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$ measured in neutrino-nucleon scattering that is 3 standard deviations above the standard model prediction. This result is derived assuming that (1) the strange sea is quark-antiquark symmetric, $s(x)=\overline{s}(x),$ and (2) up and down quark distributions are symmetric under the simultaneous interchange of $u\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}d$ and $p\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}n.$ We report the impact of violations of these symmetries on ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}$ and discuss the theoretical and experimental constraints on such asymmetries.

We report on the extraction of the structure functions F2 and DeltaxF(3) = xF(nu)(3)-xF(nu;)(3) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu;(mu)-Fe differential cross sections. The extraction is performed in a physics model-independent (PMI) way. This first measurement of DeltaxF(3), which is useful in testing models of heavy charm production, is higher than current theoretical predictions. The ratio of the F2 (PMI) values measured in nu(mu) and mu scattering is in agreement (within 5%) with the predictions of next-to-leading-order parton distribution functions using massive charm production schemes, thus resolving the long-standing discrepancy between the two sets of data.

Abstract Previously calculated Conformational energy maps suggest that the α‐helical conformation for the residue preceding a proline is disfavored relative to the extended conformation by more than 7 kcal/mol. In known protein structures this conformation is observed, however, to occur for about 9% of all prolines. In addition, introduction or removal of prolines at theoretically unfavorable positions in proteins and peptides can have modest effects on stability and structure. To investigate the discrepancy between calculation and experiment, we have determined how the conformation of the proline affects the calculated energy. We have also explored the effect of bond length and bond angle relaxation on the Conformational energy map. The Conformational energy of the preceding residue is found to be unaffected by the conformation of the proline, but the effect of allowing covalent bond relaxation is dramatic. If bond lengths and angles, and dihedral angles within the pyrrolidine ring, are allowed to relax, a calculated energy difference between the α and β conformations of 1.1 kcal/mol is obtained, in reasonable agreement with experiment. The detailed shape of the calculated energy surface is also in excellent agreement with the observed Conformational distributions in known protein structures. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Limits on nu(mu)-->nu(e) and nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillations are extracted using the NuTeV detector with sign-selected nu(mu) and nu(mu) beams. In nu(mu) mode, for the case of sin(2)2alpha = 1, Delta(m)(2)>2.6 eV(2) is excluded, and for Delta(m)(2)>>1000 eV(2), sin(2)2alpha>1.1 x 10(-3). The NuTeV data exclude the high Delta(m)(2) end of nu(mu)-->nu(e) oscillation parameters favored by the LSND experiment without the need to assume that the oscillation parameters for nu and nu are the same. We present the most stringent experimental limits for nu(mu)(nu(mu))-->nu(e)(nu(e)) oscillations in the large Delta(m)(2) region.

A measurement of the asymmetry between the strange and antistrange quark distributions, from a next to leading order QCD analysis of dimuon events measured by the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab is presented. Neutrino charged current events with two muons in the final state provide a direct means for studying charm production and measuring the strange sea. NuTeV's sign selected beam allows independent measurement of the strange and antistrange seas. An improved measurement of the neutrino and antineutrino forward dimuon cross section tables, using the complete charged current event sample for normalization is performed. These tables are then analyzed at NLO to measure the strange and antistrange seas. Detector acceptance is modeled using an NLO charm cross section differential in all variables required. The strange quark distribution is found to have an integrated momentum weighted asymmetry of +0.00196 ± 0.00046(stat) ± 0.00045(syst) ± 0.00182(external). The charm mass is found to be 1.41 ± 0.10(stat) ± 0.08(syst) ± 0.12(external) GeV.

Historically, high energy physics computing has been performed on large purpose-built computing systems. These began as single-site compute facilities, but have evolved into the distributed computing grids used today. Recently, there has been an exponential increase in the capacity and capability of commercial clouds. Cloud resources are highly virtualized and intended to be able to be flexibly deployed for a variety of computing tasks. There is a growing nterest among the cloud providers to demonstrate the capability to perform large-scale scientific computing. In this paper, we discuss results from the CMS experiment using the Fermilab HEPCloud facility, which utilized both local Fermilab resources and virtual machines in the Amazon Web Services Elastic Compute Cloud. We discuss the planning, technical challenges, and lessons learned involved in performing physics workflows on a large-scale set of virtualized resources. In addition, we will discuss the economics and operational efficiencies when executing workflows both in the cloud and on dedicated resources.

We present evidence for the diffractive processes νμFe→μ−D+S(D*S)Fe and ¯νμFe→μ+D−S(D*S)Fe using the Fermilab SSQT neutrino beam and the Lab E neutrino detector. The data are consistent with standard model production of the neutrino trident reactions νμFe→νμμ−μ+Fe and ¯νμFe→¯νμμ+μ−Fe. We see no evidence for neutral-current production of J/ψ via either diffractive or deep inelastic scattering mechanisms.Received 24 September 1999DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.61.092001©2000 American Physical Society

This paper presents the physics case for a new high-energy, ultra-high statistics neutrino scattering experiment, NuSOnG (Neutrino Scattering on Glass). This experiment uses a Tevatron-based neutrino beam to obtain over an order of magnitude higher statistics than presently available for the purely weak processes ν μ + e - → ν μ + e - and ν μ + e - → ν e + μ - . A sample of Deep Inelastic Scattering events which is over two orders of magnitude larger than past samples will also be obtained. As a result, NuSOnG will be unique among present and planned experiments for its ability to probe neutrino couplings to Beyond the Standard Model physics. Many Beyond Standard Model theories physics predict a rich hierarchy of TeV-scale new states that can correct neutrino cross-sections, through modifications of Zνν couplings, tree-level exchanges of new particles such as Z′'s, or through loop-level oblique corrections to gauge boson propagators. These corrections are generic in theories of extra dimensions, extended gauge symmetries, supersymmetry, and more. The sensitivity of NuSOnG to this new physics extends beyond 5 TeV mass scales. This paper reviews these physics opportunities.

The HTCondor high throughput computing system is heavily used in the high energy physics (HEP) community as the batch system for several Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) resources. Moreover, it is the backbone of GlidelnWMS, the pilot system used by the computing organization of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. To prepare for LHC Run 2, we probed the scalability limits of new versions and configurations of HTCondor with a goal of reaching 200,000 simultaneous running jobs in a single internationally distributed dynamic pool.

The HL-LHC run is anticipated to start at the end of this decade and will pose a significant challenge for the scale of the HEP software and computing infrastructure. The mission of the U.S. CMS Software & Computing Operations Program is to develop and operate the software and computing resources necessary to process CMS data expeditiously and to enable U.S. physicists to fully participate in the physics of CMS. We have developed a strategic plan to prioritize R&D efforts to reach this goal for the HL-LHC. This plan includes four grand challenges: modernizing physics software and improving algorithms, building infrastructure for exabyte-scale datasets, transforming the scientific data analysis process and transitioning from R&D to operations. We are involved in a variety of R&D projects that fall within these grand challenges. In this talk, we will introduce our four grand challenges and outline the R&D program of the U.S. CMS Software & Computing Operations Program.

In CMS, data access and management is organized around the data tier model: a static definition of what subset of event information is available in a particular dataset, realized as a collection of files. We present a novel data management model that obviates the need for data tiers by exploding files into individual event data product objects. The objects are stored and retrieved through Ceph S3 technology, with a layout designed to minimize data and metadata volume while maximizing data processing parallelism. We demonstrate that this object data format shows promise in reducing total storage requirements while allowing more flexible data access patterns. Performance benchmarks of a prototype data processing framework using this object data format and a test Ceph cluster are presented, showing good scaling behavior in a distributed processing task.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments distribute data by leveraging a diverse array of National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), where experiment data management systems treat networks as a “blackbox” resource. After the High Luminosity upgrade, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment alone will produce roughly 0.5 exabytes of data per year. NREN Networks are a critical part of the success of CMS and other LHC experiments. However, during data movement, NRENs are unaware of data priorities, importance, or need for quality of service, and this poses a challenge for operators to coordinate the movement of data and have predictable data flows across multi-domain networks. The overarching goal of SENSE (The Software-defined network for End-to-end Networked Science at Exascale) is to enable National Labs and universities to request and provision end-to-end intelligent network services for their application workflows leveraging SDN (Software-Defined Networking) capabilities. This work aims to allow LHC Experiments and Rucio, the data management software used by CMS Experiment, to allocate and prioritize certain data transfers over the wide area network. In this paper, we will present the current progress of the integration of SENSE, Multi-domain end-to-end SDN Orchestration with QoS (Quality of Service) capabilities, with Rucio, the data management software used by CMS Experiment.

NuTeV is a neutrino-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering experiment at Fermilab. The detector consists of an iron-scintillator sampling calorimeter interspersed with drift chambers, followed by a muon toroidal spectrometer. We present determinations of response and resolution functions of the NuTeV calorimeter for electrons, hadrons, and muons over an energy range of 4.8 to 190 GeV. The absolute hadronic energy scale is determined to an accuracy of 0.43%. We compare our measurements to predictions from calorimeter theory and GEANT3 simulations.

The NuTeV collaboration recently reported a value of sin2thetaW measured in neutrino-nucleon scattering that is 3 standard deviations above the standard model prediction. This result is derived assuming that (1) the strange sea is quark-antiquark symmetric, s(x)=sbar(x), and (2) up and down quark distributions are symmetric under the simultaneous interchange of u<->d and p<->n. We report the impact of violations of these symmetries on sin2thetaW and discuss the theoretical and experimental constraints on such asymmetries.

A search for long-lived neutral particles ( N0's) with masses above 2.2 GeV/c(2) that decay into at least one muon has been performed using an instrumented decay channel at the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab. Data were examined for particles decaying into the final states mumu, mu(e), and mu(pi). Three mumu events were observed over an expected standard model background of 0.069+/-0.010 events; no events were observed in the other modes.

We report on the extraction of R = sigma(L)/sigma(T) from CCFR nu(mu)-Fe and nu(mu)-Fe differential cross sections. The CCFR differential cross sections do not show the deviations from the QCD expectations that are seen in the CDHSW data at very low and very high x. R as measured in nu(mu) scattering is in agreement with R as measured in muon and electron scattering. All data on R for Q(2)>1 GeV(2) are in agreement with a NNLO QCD calculation which uses NNLO parton distribution functions and includes target mass effects. We report on the first measurements of R in the low x and Q(2)<1 GeV(2) region (where an anomalous large rise in R for nuclear targets has been observed by the HERMES Collaboration).

A new structure function analysis of CCFR deep inelastic nu-N and nu-N scattering data is presented for previously unexplored kinematic regions down to Bjorken x = 0.0045 and Q(2) = 0.3 GeV(2). Comparisons to charged lepton scattering data from NMC and E665 experiments are made and the behavior of the structure function F(2)(nu)2 is studied in the limit Q(2)-->0.

The compact muon solenoid (CMS) experiment will use dijets to search for physics beyond the standard model during early LHC running. The inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum, with 10 pb−1 of integrated luminosity, is sensitive to contact interactions beyond the reach of the Tevatron. The dijet mass distribution will be used to search for dijet resonances coming from new particles, for example an excited quark. Additional sensitivity to the existence of contact interactions or dijet resonances can be obtained by comparing dijet rates in two distinct pseudorapidity regions.

Experimental analyses of charged current deep inelastic charm production -- as observed through dimuon events in neutrino-iron scattering -- measure the strangeness component of the nucleon sea. A complete analysis requires a Monte Carlo simulation to account for experimental detector acceptance effects; therefore, a fully differential theoretical calculation is necessary to provide complete kinematic information. We investigate the theoretical issues involved in calculating these differential distributions at Next-Leading-Order (NLO). Numerical results are presented for typical fixed target kinematics. We present a corresponding FORTRAN code suitable for experimental NLO analysis.

The CMS production system has undergone a major architectural upgrade from its predecessor, with the goal of reducing the operational manpower needed and preparing for the large scale production required by the CMS physics plan. The new production system is a tiered architecture that facilitates robust and distributed production request processing and takes advantage of the multiple Grid and farm resources available to the CMS experiment.

CMS will require access to more than 125k processor cores for the beginning of Run 2 in 2015 to carry out its ambitious physics program with more and higher complexity events. During Run1 these resources were predominantly provided by a mix of grid sites and local batch resources. During the long shut down cloud infrastructures, diverse opportunistic resources and HPC supercomputing centers were made available to CMS, which further complicated the operations of the submission infrastructure. In this presentation we will discuss the CMS effort to adopt and deploy the glideinWMS system as a common resource provisioning layer to grid, cloud, local batch, and opportunistic resources and sites. We will address the challenges associated with integrating the various types of resources, the efficiency gains and simplifications associated with using a common resource provisioning layer, and discuss the solutions found. We will finish with an outlook of future plans for how CMS is moving forward on resource provisioning for more heterogenous architectures and services.

Lattice Field Theory can be used to study finite temperature first-order phase transitions in new, strongly-coupled gauge theories of phenomenological interest. Metastable dynamics arising in proximity of the phase transition can lead to large, uncontrolled numerical errors when analysed with standard methods. In this contribution, we discuss a prototype lattice calculation in which the first-order deconfinement transition in the strong Yang-Mills sector of the standard model is analysed using a novel lattice method, the logarithmic linear relaxation algorithm. This method provides a determination of the density of states of the system with exponential error suppression.

Extensions of the standard model that lead to first-order phase transitions in the early universe can produce a stochastic background of gravitational waves, which may be accessible to future detectors. Thermodynamic observables at the transition, such as the latent heat, can be determined by lattice simulations, and then used to predict the expected signatures in a given theory. In lattice calculations, the emergence of metastabilities in proximity of the phase transition may make the precise determination of these observables quite challenging, and may lead to large uncontrolled numerical errors. In this contribution, we discuss as a prototype lattice calculation the first order deconfinement transition that arises in the strong SU(3) Yang-Mills sector. We adopt the novel logarithmic linear relaxation method, which can provide a determination of the density of states of the system with exponential error suppression. Thermodynamic observables can be reconstructed with a controlled error, providing a promising direction for accurate model predictions in the future.

The E815 (NuTeV) neutrino experiment has performed a search for a 33. 9 MeV/c(2) weakly interacting neutral particle produced in pion decay. Such a particle may be responsible for an anomaly in the timing distribution of neutrino interactions in the KARMEN experiment. E815 has searched for this particle's decays in an instrumented decay region; no evidence for this particle was found. The search is sensitive to pion branching ratios as low as 10(-13).

This paper was originally commissioned by English Heritage, the government's statutory adviser on archaeology and the historic environment in England, in the mid-1990s following concerns over the suitability of Paraloid B-72 for consolidation of loose paint in stained glass conservation. Paraloid B-72 has regularly been utilized for the re-adhesion of loose paint. But in spite of its many advantages (ease of use, reversibility, good aging properties, stability, and miscibility with several types of solvent), legitimate questions have been raised over its limitations (poor resistance to humidity, relatively weak bond with vitreous substrates, and solvent hazards).This article begins with a description of the chemistry and characteristics of Paraloid B-72 and its application in the conservation of historic painted glass. There follows a review of the current state of research on and practical experiences in the use of Paraloid B-72 and related systems. The article incorporates a summary of the known and tested properties of Paraloid B-72 in comparison with alternative materials currently under scrutiny for use in stained glass conservation and discusses the longer-term effects of treatment and the need for continued assessment of their efficacy.

Abstract The reliability of the production is essential in offshore operations. Producing a well at its maximum rate is important everywhere. This is often compromised by having sand and fines production which not only plugs the wells and reduce production rate but also erode the equipment and settle in surface vessels. This paper describes a case history where an operator was faced with a well that was rate limited because of fines and sand production. An advanced sand control chemistry system was proposed and a treatment was designed. In April 2013, the treatment was performed by bullheading down the production tubing using rate diversion. Extensive engineering was involved in the candidate selection and planning the operational aspects of the treatment. The execution of the treatment was divided into stages – sand clean out, performing step rate test, pre-job modeling and pumping the treatment as per the design. After the treatment, the well was flowed and tested at almost three times the original maximum sand-free rate (MSFR) at an increased choke without sand production. The well has now been flowing for more than a year, at significantly higher rate than the previous MSFR sand free. This paper describes the chemistry of the sand conglomeration, design consideration, execution and the effect on well performance.

Historically high energy physics computing has been performed on large purpose-built computing systems. In the beginning there were single site computing facilities, which evolved into the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) used today. The vast majority of the WLCG resources are used for LHC computing and the resources are scheduled to be continuously used throughout the year. In the last several years there has been an explosion in capacity and capability of commercial and academic computing clouds. Cloud resources are highly virtualized and intended to be able to be flexibly deployed for a variety of computing tasks. There is a growing interest amongst the cloud providers to demonstrate the capability to perform large scale scientific computing. In this presentation we will discuss results from the CMS experiment using the Fermilab HEPCloud Facility, which utilized both local Fermilab resources and Amazon Web Services (AWS). The goal was to work with AWS through a matching grant to demonstrate a sustained scale approximately equal to half of the worldwide processing resources available to CMS. We will discuss the planning and technical challenges involved in organizing the most IO intensive CMS workflows on a large-scale set of virtualized resource provisioned by the Fermilab HEPCloud. We will describe the data handling and data management challenges. Also, we will discuss the economic issues and cost and operational efficiency comparison to our dedicated resources. At the end we will consider the changes in the working model of HEP computing in a domain with the availability of large scale resources scheduled at peak times.

The CMS Global Pool, based on HTCondor and glideinWMS, is the main computing resource provisioning system for all CMS workflows, including analysis, Monte Carlo production, and detector data reprocessing activities. The total resources at Tier-1 and Tier-2 grid sites pledged to CMS exceed 100,000 CPU cores, while another 50,000 to 100,000 CPU cores are available opportunistically, pushing the needs of the Global Pool to higher scales each year. These resources are becoming more diverse in their accessibility and configuration over time. Furthermore, the challenge of stably running at higher and higher scales while introducing new modes of operation such as multi-core pilots, as well as the chaotic nature of physics analysis workflows, places huge strains on the submission infrastructure. This paper details some of the most important challenges to scalability and stability that the CMS Global Pool has faced since the beginning of the LHC Run II and how they were overcome.

NuTeV measures sin2 θW by comparing neutral and charged current cross-sections on a heavy nuclear target, and finds a value of sin2 θW(on-shell) = 0.2277 ± 0.0013(stat) ± 0.0009(syst), approximately 3σ from the predicted value. We discuss the possibility that nuclear effects on parton distribution functions or cross-sections may be responsible for the discrepancy.

We report on the first observation of open charm production in neutral current deep inelastic neutrino scattering as seen in the NuTeV detector at Fermilab. The production rate is shown to be consistent with a pure gluon-$% Z^{0}$ boson production model, and the observed level of charm production is used to determine the effective charm mass. As part of our analysis, we also obtain a new measurement for the proton-nucleon charm production cross section at $\sqrt{s}=38.8$ GeV.

We extend the physics case for a new high-energy, ultra-high statistics neutrino scattering experiment, NuSOnG (Neutrino Scattering On Glass) to address a variety of issues including precision QCD measurements, extraction of structure functions, and the derived Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). This experiment uses a Tevatron-based neutrino beam to obtain a sample of Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) events which is over two orders of magnitude larger than past samples. We outline an innovative method for fitting the structure functions using a parameterized energy shift which yields reduced systematic uncertainties. High statistics measurements, in combination with improved systematics, will enable NuSOnG to perform discerning tests of fundamental Standard Model parameters as we search for deviations which may hint of "Beyond the Standard Model" physics.

The CMS experiment at the LHC relies on HTCondor and glideinWMS as its primary batch and pilot-based Grid provisioning system. So far we have been running several independent resource pools, but we are working on unifying them all to reduce the operational load and more effectively share resources between various activities in CMS. The major challenge of this unification activity is scale. The combined pool size is expected to reach 200K job slots, which is significantly bigger than any other multi-user HTCondor based system currently in production. To get there we have studied scaling limitations in our existing pools, the biggest of which tops out at about 70K slots, providing valuable feedback to the development communities, who have responded by delivering improvements which have helped us reach higher and higher scales with more stability. We have also worked on improving the organization and support model for this critical service during Run 2 of the LHC. This contribution will present the results of the scale testing and experiences from the first months of running the Global Pool.

Abstract This Asia Pacific client's completion system had an integrity issue whereby the production packer installed in 1995 was not sealing the tubing to casing annulus. Being an older facility, the drilling substructure had previously been removed and a solution to restore production integrity using non-rig assist through tubing intervention technologies was required. The innovative solution developed and employed was to create an impermeable annular barrier directly above the compromised production packer seal, through the in-situ completion tubing utilizing an electric wireline set inflatable retrievable bridge plug system, for diversion, along with a bismuth-based metal-to-metal sealing alloy actuated by means of a thermite heater. This unique solution included drilling the tubing above the production packer with an e-line deployed system to provide multiple communication ports to the annulus, an e-line set inflatable retrievable bridge with a modified, extended fish neck was then set utilizing wellbore fluid as the inflation medium. The bismuth alloy metal sealing particulate (pellets) were positioned via a dump bailer above the inflatable plug which directed them to the tubing / casing annulus to gravitate to their position and calculated radial height within the compromised annulus. Once positioned the inflatable bridge plug was retrieved via slickline. An e-line conveyed thermite-based heater module was then deployed to complete the process of forming the bismuth-based alloy seal allowing for a permanent annular barrier to be created. Once accomplished and integrity confirmed a straddle/patch system was run to re-seal the tubing / casing annulus drilled holes, prior to the well-being returned to production. This paper will focus on this rigless intervention operation conducted in July 2021 as it relates primarily to the engineering and installation and retrieval of the bridge plugs and the development, engineering, and installation of the bismuth-based metal to metal sealing alloy, allowing repair to be completed and the well handed over in a position of full integrity.

The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has used a sign-selected neutrino beam to perform a search for the lepton number violating process nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e), and to measure the cross section of the standard model inverse muon decay process nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e). NuTeV measures the inverse muon decay asymptotic cross-section slope sigma/E to be (13.8 +/- 1.2 +/- 1.4) x 10(-42) cm(2)/GeV. The experiment also observes no evidence for lepton number violation and places one of the most restrictive limits on the cross-section ratio sigma(nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e))/sigma(nu(mu)e(-)-->mu(-)nu(e)) < or = 1.7% at 90% C.L. for V-A couplings and < or = 0.6% for scalar couplings.

Sustainability, especially meaning low-carbon-footprint and ecologically-focused, is now the common and key watchword for all development planning in the Republic of Korea (hereinafter “South Korea”), by mandate of its current President Lee and a notable general public consensus. This applies to all contemporary tourism development projects, plans and future prospects. We are enjoined to envision a new paradigm for South Korea's tourism development, one of “green” environmentally-conscious and low-carbon “eco-tourism”, which makes use of the potential tourism attraction assets that the nation already possesses but has not sufficiently exploited. This research paper therefore advocates a turn in national tourism policy towards both adventure-tourism in the form of hiking South Korea's beautiful mountains and religious-tourism in the form of Temple-Stay and other programs of visiting and experiencing this country’s vast and diverse wealth of sacred spiritual sites. We are indeed fortunate that these two types of tourism are easily combined together into one sustainable ecotourism package, as Korea's greatest Buddhist temples and other religious institutions are located within many of its best mountainous areas. For the purposes of qualitative case-study focused-example of this suggested reorientation of tourism-development policy in South Korea, this paper focuses on the burgeoning emergence and early stages of development of the Baekdu-daegan long-distance hiking-trail, which is now emerging with potential to become a significant tourism destination-attraction, and its potential to be synergeticly combined with the existing Temple-Stay program. It argues that this combination could be an excellent new tourism attraction feature for the nation, while meeting the desired “green eco-tourism” standards now being set. It begins with a discussion of relevant religious and adventure tourism theory, and then proceeds with a brief overview of the history and characteristics of the Baekdu-daegan, the unbroken crest of a mountain range that runs the length of the Korean Peninsula, and the 735-㎞-long trail that now runs along it. It is very well-known to Koreans, having been revered as a symbol of national unity, identity and vital energy for more than 1100 years; however, it is virtually unknown to the rest of the world. Today it offers trekkers spectacular natural scenery featuring sweeping views; and for spiritually-oriented tourists, it is also uniquely rich with temples, shrines and monuments of four great Asian religious traditions: Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism and Shamanism. In this variety of different religions available to view and experience along the way, it may be unique among both the “long-distance adventure trails” and the “long pilgrimage trails” of the world.

The NuTeV experiment at Fermilab has obtained a unique high statistics sample of neutrino and antineutrino interactions using a novel high-energy sign-selected neutrino beam. Recent results from this sample are presented including a precision measurement of the electroweak parameter sin2≡W, which is observed to be three standard deviations above the standard model prediction.

From its conception the job management system has been distributed to increase scalability and robustness. The system consists of several applications (called ProdAgents) which manage Monte Carlo, reconstruction and skimming jobs on collections of sites within different Grid environments (OSG, NorduGrid, LCG) and submission systems such as GlideIn, local batch, etc... Production of simulated data in CMS mainly takes place on so called Tier2s (small to medium size computing centers) resources. Approximately ~50% of the CMS Tier2 resources are allocated to running simulation jobs. While the so-called Tier1s (medium to large size computing centers with high capacity tape storage systems) will be mainly used for skimming and reconstructing detector data. During the last one and a half years the job management system has been adapted such that it can be configured to convert Data Acquisition (DAQ) / High Level Trigger (HLT) output from the CMS detector to the CMS data format and manage the real time data stream from the experiment. Simultaneously the system has been upgraded to facilitate the increasing scale of the CMS production and adapting to the procedures used by its operators. In this paper we discuss the current (high level) architecture of ProdAgent, the experience in using this system in computing challenges, feedback from these challenges, and future work including migration to a set of core libraries to facilitate convergence between the different data management projects within CMS that deal with analysis, simulation, and initial reconstruction of real data. This migration is important, as it will decrease the code footprint used by these projects and increase maintainability of the code base.

Abstract The five rules of virtuality that frame this volume (Woolgar, Chapter 1) seek to capture the ways in which the adoption of a ‘positive scepticism’ can contribute to our understanding of the impact and potential of new electronic and communication technologies. The five rules represent a shorthand summary of the counter-intuitive findings of the various projects that made up the ‘Virtual Society?’ programme. The project reported on here is no exception to this general pattern.

An updated forward dimuon cross section from v − N DIS charm production at the NuTeV experiment at FNAL is presented. Charged current interactions in neutrino‐nucleon scattering provide a unique means of studying nucleon structure. Additionally, charged current events with two oppositely charged muons in the final state allow direct study of charm production and measurement of the strange sea. NuTeV’s sign selected beam gives it the ability to extract the strange and antistrange seas independently, for which an asymmetry has been predicted in some theoretical models, and which is currently of intense interest in interpreting neutrino electroweak results. The results presented here represent a re‐analysis of the NuTeV data utilizing the full inclusive CC data sample for normalization. New preliminary leading order strange asymmery results are also presented.

We develop tools and methodology to establish laws of the iterated logarithm (LILs) for small times (as <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t down-arrow 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">↓<!-- ↓ --></mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">t\downarrow 0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>) for the “self-normalised” process <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper X Subscript t Baseline minus a t right-parenthesis slash StartRoot upper V Subscript t Baseline EndRoot"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>−<!-- − --></mml:mo> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(X_{t}-at)/\sqrt {V_{t}}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t greater-than 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">t&gt;0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, constructed from a Lévy process <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper X Subscript t Baseline right-parenthesis Subscript t greater-than-or-equal-to 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥<!-- ≥ --></mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(X_{t})_{t\geq 0}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> having quadratic variation process <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper V Subscript t Baseline right-parenthesis Subscript t greater-than-or-equal-to 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≥<!-- ≥ --></mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(V_{t})_{t\geq 0}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, and an appropriate choice of the constant <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">a</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>. We apply them to obtain LILs when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X Subscript t"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X_{t}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is in the domain of attraction of the normal distribution as <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="t down-arrow 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">↓<!-- ↓ --></mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">t\downarrow 0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X Subscript t"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X_{t}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is symmetric and in the Feller class at 0, and when <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X Subscript t"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X_{t}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is a strictly <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="alpha minus"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>α<!-- α --></mml:mi> <mml:mo>−<!-- − --></mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\alpha -</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>stable process. When <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X Subscript t"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X_{t}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is attracted to the normal distribution, an important ingredient in the proof is a Cramér-type theorem which bounds above the distance of the distribution of the self-normalised process from the standard normal distribution.

&lt;p&gt;We describe a role for diacylglycerol in the activation of Ras and Rap1 at the phagosomal membrane. During phagocytosis, Ras density was similar on the surface and invaginating areas of the membrane, but activation was detectable only in the latter and in sealed phagosomes. Ras activation was associated with the recruitment of RasGRP3, a diacylglycerol-dependent Ras/Rap1 exchange factor. Recruitment to phagosomes of RasGRP3, which contains a C1 domain, parallels and appears to be due to the formation of diacylglycerol. Accordingly, Ras and Rap1 activation was precluded by antagonists of phospholipase C and of diacylglycerol binding. Ras is dispensable for phagocytosis but controls activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, which is partially impeded by diacylglycerol inhibitors. By contrast, cross-activation of complement receptors by stimulation of Fcgamma receptors requires Rap1 and involves diacylglycerol. We suggest a role for diacylglycerol-dependent exchange factors in the activation of Ras and Rap1, which govern distinct processes induced by Fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis to enhance the innate immune response.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;We describe a role for diacylglycerol in the activation of Ras and Rap1 at the phagosomal membrane. During phagocytosis, Ras density was similar on the surface and invaginating areas of the membrane, but activation was detectable only in the latter and in sealed phagosomes. Ras activation was associated with the recruitment of RasGRP3, a diacylglycerol-dependent Ras/Rap1 exchange factor. Recruitment to phagosomes of RasGRP3, which contains a C1 domain, parallels and appears to be due to the formation of diacylglycerol. Accordingly, Ras and Rap1 activation was precluded by antagonists of phospholipase C and of diacylglycerol binding. Ras is dispensable for phagocytosis but controls activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, which is partially impeded by diacylglycerol inhibitors. By contrast, cross-activation of complement receptors by stimulation of Fcgamma receptors requires Rap1 and involves diacylglycerol. We suggest a role for diacylglycerol-dependent exchange factors in the activation of Ras and Rap1, which govern distinct processes induced by Fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis to enhance the innate immune response.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

Reviewed by: Jana Sanskriti: Performance as a New Politics by Ralph Yarrow David Mason JANA SANSKRITI: PERFORMANCE AS A NEW POLITICS. By Ralph Yarrow. New York: Routledge, 2022. 180 pp. Paper, $44.95. During the independence movement of the early twentieth century in India, overtly political theatre established itself as a fundamental tool of resistance and empowerment. The Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA), which is certainly the most renowned of India’s political performance groups and which is perhaps among the most important such groups in the world during the last century, was formally founded in 1943, four years prior to the accomplishment of India’s separation from the British empire. Several similar groups came before IPTA, reaching back into the 1920s. For that matter, the British empire imposed the Dramatic Performances Act on areas it controlled in South Asia as far back as 1876 (on account of theatrical performance’s demonstrated ability to unify people against the empire’s authority). In spite of the 1876 act, people in India performed resistance. Traditional forms of performance, sometimes noted as “folk theatre,” were especially effective in the early decades of the twentieth [End Page 216] century (partly because these forms did not rely on written scripts that could be censored under the auspices of the 1876 act). Through the 1910s and 1920s, activist-artists communicated with and unified the masses through long-established forms of popular entertainment—nautanki in India’s west, for instance, and jatra in India’s east. In the later twentieth century, groups like IPTA, whose principal form came to be “street theatre,” relied as much on the methods of nautanki and jatra performers as they did on what they saw in performance activism away from South Asia, including Bolshevik agitprop in Russia and expressionism in Germany. Ralph Yarrow’s new book gives attention to Jana Sanskriti (hereafter JS), an activist-theatre organization that inherited this tradition. The troupe is based in India’s West Bengal state, and its principal practice is street theatre—the sort of theatrical performance that is designed to channel pointed political content into public, ad hoc, outdoor spaces. Sanjoy Ganguly founded the troupe in 1985—apparently with no prior theatre experience—as an arm of the West Bengal Agricultural Workers’ Union. By some method of creative cooperation with people of a small village south of Kolkata, Ganguly and JS’s core group developed at least four plays between 1986 and 1992, which is about the point at which experienced Theatre of the Oppressed workshoppers from France showed up in West Bengal. JS was subsequently invited to perform one of their plays in Paris. JS expressly adopted the methods of Theatre of the Oppressed in the 1990s and developed a close working relationship with Augusto Boal himself, who eventually characterized JS as “the largest Theatre of the Oppressed movement in the world,” outside of Brazil (p. 1). Yarrow’s short book offers an account of JS’s history and ongoing aims, a summary of its plays and notable performances, and a description of various practices that it deploys in its Theatre-of-the-Oppressed-style workshops. As views of what artists in India actually do are sparse—especially views of those who deliberately work away from urban centers and who eschew commercial success—any such study has value. For those who are unfamiliar with the rather robust political theatre in India over the past century—and, perhaps especially, in West Bengal—Yarrow’s book will also be instructive. And the collective Indian theatre archive benefits, generally, from the book’s reports on JS’s formal plays. Readers who have not yet been introduced to Boal and Theatre of the Oppressed will find, in the book’s fourth chapter, descriptions of activities that are representative of the Boal-like effort to bring people to a new familiarity with the political potential in their own voices and bodies through theatrical performance. [End Page 217] Yarrow relies heavily on what Sanjoy Ganguly has published about the troupe’s work. The historical sketch that Yarrow’s Jana Sanskriti offers in its third chapter begins with the disclaimer: “Ganguly’s two books . . . are the chief source for much...

When studied at finite temperature, Yang-Mills theories in $3+1$ dimensions display the presence of confinement/deconfinement phase transitions, which are known to be of first order -- the $SU(2)$ gauge theory being the exception. Theoretical as well as phenomenological considerations indicate that it is essential to establish a precise characterisation of these physical systems in proximity of such phase transitions. We present and test a new method to study the critical region of parameter space in non-Abelian quantum field theories on the lattice, based upon the Logarithmic Linear Relaxation (LLR) algorithm. We apply this method to the $SU(3)$ Yang Mills lattice gauge theory, and perform extensive calculations with one fixed choice of lattice size. We identify the critical temperature, and measure interesting physical quantities near the transition. Among them, we determine the free energy of the model in the critical region, exposing for the first time its multi-valued nature with a numerical calculation from first principles, providing this novel evidence in support of a first order phase transition. This study sets the stage for future high precision measurements, by demonstrating the potential of the method.

We present a 466,000 finesse, 2 mL optical reference cavity for a strontium lattice optical clock, featuring a microfabricated curved mirror, first-order insensitivity to temperature fluctuations, and low phase noise consistent with 10 − 14 performance.

First-order phase transitions in the early universe might produce a detectable background of gravitational waves. As these phase transitions can be generated by new physics, it is important to quantify these effects. Many pure Yang-Mills gauge theories are known to undergo first-order deconfinement phase transitions, with properties that can be studied with lattice simulations. Despite the recent surge of interest in $Sp(2N)$ gauge theories as a candidate for models of physics beyond the standard model, studies of these theories at finite temperature are still very limited. In this contribution we will present preliminary results of an ongoing numerical investigation of the thermodynamic properties of the deconfinement phase transition in $Sp(4)$ Yang-Mills theory, using the linear logarithmic relaxation algorithm. This method enables us to obtain a highly accurate determination of the density of states, allowing for a precise reconstruction of thermodynamic observables. In particular, it gives access to otherwise difficult to determine quantities such as the free energy of the system, even along metastable and unstable branches, hence providing an additional direct observable to study the dynamics of the phase transition.

We present a novel data format design that obviates the need for data tiers by storing individual event data products in column objects. The objects are stored and retrieved through Ceph S3 technology, with a layout designed to minimize metadata volume and maximize data processing parallelism. Performance benchmarks of data storage and retrieval are presented.

The HL-LHC run is anticipated to start at the end of this decade and will pose a significant challenge for the scale of the HEP software and computing infrastructure. The mission of the U.S. CMS Software & Computing Operations Program is to develop and operate the software and computing resources necessary to process CMS data expeditiously and to enable U.S. physicists to fully participate in the physics of CMS. We have developed a strategic plan to prioritize R&D efforts to reach this goal for the HL-LHC. This plan includes four grand challenges: modernizing physics software and improving algorithms, building infrastructure for exabyte-scale datasets, transforming the scientific data analysis process and transitioning from R&D to operations. We are involved in a variety of R&D projects that fall within these grand challenges. In this talk, we will introduce our four grand challenges and outline the R&D program of the U.S. CMS Software & Computing Operations Program.

First-order phase transitions in the early universe might produce a detectable background of gravitational waves. As these phase transitions can be generated by new physics, it is important to quantify these effects. Many pure Yang-Mills gauge theories are known to undergo first-order deconfinement phase transitions, with properties that can be studied with lattice simulations. Despite the recent surge of interest in $Sp(2N)$ gauge theories as a candidate for models of physics beyond the standard model, studies of these theories at finite temperature are still very limited. In this contribution we will present preliminary results of an ongoing numerical investigation of the thermodynamic properties of the deconfinement phase transition in $Sp(4)$ Yang-Mills theory, using the linear logarithmic relaxation algorithm. This method enables us to obtain a highly accurate determination of the density of states, allowing for a precise reconstruction of thermodynamic observables. In particular, it gives access to otherwise difficult to determine quantities such as the free energy of the system, even along metastable and unstable branches, hence providing an additional direct observable to study the dynamics of the phase transition.

In the present run of the LHC, CMS data reconstruction and simulation algorithms benefit greatly from being executed as multiple threads running on several processor cores. The complexity of the Run 2 events requires parallelization of the code to reduce the memory-per- core footprint constraining serial execution programs, thus optimizing the exploitation of present multi-core processor architectures. The allocation of computing resources for multi-core tasks, however, becomes a complex problem in itself. The CMS workload submission infrastructure employs multi-slot partitionable pilots, built on HTCondor and GlideinWMS native features, to enable scheduling of single and multi-core jobs simultaneously. This provides a solution for the scheduling problem in a uniform way across grid sites running a diversity of gateways to compute resources and batch system technologies. This paper presents this strategy and the tools on which it has been implemented. The experience of managing multi-core resources at the Tier-0 and Tier-1 sites during 2015, along with the deployment phase to Tier-2 sites during early 2016 is reported. The process of performance monitoring and optimization to achieve efficient and flexible use of the resources is also described.

Scheduling multi-core workflows in a global HTCondor pool is a multi-dimensional problem whose solution depends on the requirements of the job payloads, the characteristics of available resources, and the boundary conditions such as fair share and prioritization imposed on the job matching to resources. Within the context of a dedicated task force, CMS has increased significantly the scheduling efficiency of workflows in reusable multi-core pilots by various improvements to the limitations of the GlideinWMS pilots, accuracy of resource requests, efficiency and speed of the HTCondor infrastructure, and job matching algorithms.

The higher energy and luminosity from the LHC in Run 2 have put increased pressure on CMS computing resources. Extrapolating to even higher luminosities (and thus higher event complexities and trigger rates) beyond Run 3, it becomes clear that simply scaling up the the current model of CMS computing alone will become economically unfeasible. High Performance Computing (HPC) facilities, widely used in scientific computing outside of HEP, have the potential to help fill the gap. Here we describe the U.S.CMS efforts to integrate US HPC resources into CMS Computing via the HEPCloud project at Fermilab. We present advancements in our ability to use NERSC resources at scale and efforts to integrate other HPC sites as well. We present experience in the elastic use of HPC resources, quickly scaling up use when so required by CMS workflows. We also present performance studies of the CMS multi-threaded framework on both Haswell and KNL HPC resources.

The Fabry-P\'erot resonator is one of the most widely used optical devices, enabling scientific and technological breakthroughs in diverse fields including cavity QED, optical clocks, precision length metrology and spectroscopy. Though resonator designs vary widely, all high-end applications benefit from mirrors with the lowest loss and highest finesse possible. Fabrication of the highest finesse mirrors relies on centuries-old mechanical polishing techniques, which offer losses at the part-per-million (ppm) level. However, no existing fabrication techniques are able to produce high finesse resonators with the large range of mirror geometries needed for scalable quantum devices and next-generation compact atomic clocks. In this paper, we introduce a new and scalable approach to fabricate mirrors with ultrahigh finesse ($\geq 10^{6}$) and user-defined radius of curvature spanning four orders of magnitude ($10^{-4}-10^{0}$ m). We employ photoresist reflow and reactive ion etching to shape and transfer mirror templates onto a substrate while maintaining sub-Angstrom roughness. This substrate is coated with a dielectric stack and used to create arrays of compact Fabry-P\'erot resonators with finesse values as high as 1.3 million and measured excess loss $<$ 1 ppm. Optical ringdown measurements of 43 devices across 5 substrates reveal that the fabricated cavity mirrors -- with both small and large radii of curvature -- produce an average coating-limited finesse of 1.05 million. This versatile new approach opens the door to scalable fabrication of high-finesse miniaturized Fabry-P\'erot cavities needed for emerging quantum optics and frequency metrology technologies.

We report on a search for flavor-changing neutral-currents (FCNC) in the production of heavy quarks in deep inelastic νμN and ν¯μN scattering by the NuTeV experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. This measurement, made possible by the high-purity NuTeV sign-selected beams, probes for FCNC in heavy flavors at the quark level, and is uniquely sensitive to neutrino couplings of potential FCNC mediators. All searches are consistent with zero, and limits on the effective mixing strengths |Vuc|2, |Vdb|2, and |Vsb|2 are obtained.Received 31 July 2000DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.63.012001©2000 American Physical Society

We report on the first observation of open charm production in neutral current deep inelastic neutrino scattering as seen in the NuTeV detector at Fermilab. The production rate is shown to be consistent with a pure gluon-Z 0 boson production model, and the observed level of charm production is used to determine the effective charm mass.

The NuTeV experiment obtained high statistics samples of neutrino and antineutrino charged current events during the 1996-1997 Fermilab fixed target run. The experiment combines sign-selected neutrino and antineutrino beams and the upgraded CCFR iron-scintillator neutrino detector. A precision continuous calibration beam was used to determine the muon and hadron energy scales to a precision of 0.7% and 0.43% respectively. The structure functions F 2 (x, Q 2 ) and xF 3 (x, Q 2 ) obtained by fitting the y-dependence of the sum and the difference of the ν and [Formula: see text] differential cross sections are presented.

The connection of diverse and sometimes non-Grid enabled resource types to the CMS Global Pool, which is based on HTCondor and glideinWMS, has been a major goal of CMS. These resources range in type from a high-availability, low latency facility at CERN for urgent calibration studies, called the CAF, to a local user facility at the Fermilab LPC, allocation-based computing resources at NERSC and SDSC, opportunistic resources provided through the Open Science Grid, commercial clouds, and others, as well as access to opportunistic cycles on the CMS High Level Trigger farm. In addition, we have provided the capability to give priority to local users of beyond WLCG pledged resources at CMS sites. Many of the solutions employed to bring these diverse resource types into the Global Pool have common elements, while some are very specific to a particular project. This paper details some of the strategies and solutions used to access these resources through the Global Pool in a seamless manner.

This book shows how Turkish detective fiction written between 1928 and 1945 aided in the top-down process of transmitting concepts of Turkish nationalism to the public by adhering very closely to Kemalist concepts of Turkish nationalism.

The CMS experiment collects and analyzes large amounts of data coming from high energy particle collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. This involves a huge amount of real and simulated data processing that needs to be handled in batch-oriented platforms. The CMS Global Pool of computing resources provide +100K dedicated CPU cores and another 50K to 100K CPU cores from opportunistic resources for these kind of tasks and even though production and event processing analysis workflows are already managed by existing tools, there is still a lack of support to submit final stage condor-like analysis jobs familiar to Tier-3 or local Computing Facilities users into these distributed resources in an integrated (with other CMS services) and friendly way. CMS Connect is a set of computing tools and services designed to augment existing services in the CMS Physics community focusing on these kind of condor analysis jobs. It is based on the CI-Connect platform developed by the Open Science Grid and uses the CMS GlideInWMS infrastructure to transparently plug CMS global grid resources into a virtual pool accessed via a single submission machine. This paper describes the specific developments and deployment of CMS Connect beyond the CI-Connect platform in order to integrate the service with CMS specific needs, including specific Site submission, accounting of jobs and automated reporting to standard CMS monitoring resources in an effortless way to their users.

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma is a malignant disorder derived from the clonal proliferation of lymphoid precursor cells. Whether the tumour cells are of B- or T-cell type is an important criterion for prognosis which has not been available previously to pathologists, due to the lack of a reliable early B-cell marker functioning on routinely processed material. This has changed with the production of monoclonal antibodies against the B-cell signalling molecule CD79a. CD79a is expressed on normal and neoplastic B cells from the early stages of B-cell maturation and has been considered to be B-cell-specific. Currently available antibodies against CD79a, in particular JCB117, allow the identification of B cells, and hence B lymphoblastic disease, in paraffin-embedded material. In this study, the expression of CD79a (JCB117) and CD3 has been investigated in 149 cases of T and 68 cases of B lymphoblastic leukaemia/ lymphoma. For the first time, co-expression of CD79a (JCB117) and CD3 is reported in 10 per cent of cases of T lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma. This finding raises questions about the co-expression of T- and B-cell markers in the development of lymphocytes, benign as well as malignant, and alerts pathologists to a potential problem in diagnosis. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The SSC GEM silicon Central Tracker design incorporated 18-cm long single-sided AC-coupled silicon microstrip ladders. Compared to the 12-cm long ladders considered in the preliminary stages of the tracker design, the 18-cm long ladders have the advantage of reduced cost, channel count and overall power consumption, and led to a simplified tracker assembly. However, such long ships also present the challenge of maintaining satisfactory performance. The increased capacitance and series resistance contribute to lower signal-to-noise ratios, longer time walk, higher power consumption per channel and increased probability of crosstalk to neighboring channels. In this paper, an accurate method to calculate the geometric capacitance of the AC-coupled microstrips is presented and the calculated results are compared with measurements, SPICE simulations are performed to predict the noise, the extent of interstrip capacitive coupling and the dispersion of the detector signal due to the finite series resistance of the metal strips and the long length of the detector. The influence of the preamplifier current and the shaping time on the signal and noise levels is also presented. The study concludes that the 18-cm long ladders can successfully satisfy the performance goals of the GEM silicon Central Tracker.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The CMS Submission Infrastructure Global Pool, built on Glidein-WMS andHTCondor, is a worldwide distributed dynamic pool responsible for the allocation of resources for all CMS computing workloads. Matching the continuously increasing demand for computing resources by CMS requires the anticipated assessment of its scalability limitations. In addition, the Global Plmust be able to expand in a more heterogeneous environment, in terms of resource provisioning (combining Grid, HPC and Cloud) and workload submissi.A dedicated testbed has been set up to simulate such conditions with the purpose of finding potential bottlenecks in the software or its configuration. This report provides a thorough description of the various scalabilitydimensions in size and complexity that are being explored for the future Global Pool, along with the analysis and solutions to the limitations proposed with the support of the GlideinWMS and HTCondor developer teams.

Efforts in distributed computing of the CMS experiment at the LHC at CERN are now focusing on the functionality required to fulfill the projected needs for the HL-LHC era. Cloud and HPC resources are expected to be dominant relative to resources provided by traditional Grid sites, being also much more diverse and heterogeneous. Handling their special capabilities or limitations and maintaining global flexibility and efficiency, while also operating at scales much higher than the current capacity, are the major challenges being addressed by the CMS Submission Infrastructure team. These proceedings discuss the risks to the stability and scalability of the CMS HTCondor infrastructure extrapolated to such a scenario, thought to be derived mostly from its growing complexity, with multiple Negotiators and schedulers flocking work to multiple federated pools. New mechanisms for enhanced customization and control over resource allocation and usage, mandatory in this future scenario, are also described.

Charm production by neutrino charged-current interactions produces two muon (dimuon) events which are easily identified. This signal provides an important method to measure the strange sea and the mass of the charm quark. Several experiments, including CCFR, CDHS and CHARM II, have performed analyses of such events. The results of these analyses are summarized with emphasis on CCFR and improvements made by NuTeV.

Fermilab experiments CCFR and its successor NuTeV study nucleon structure through deep inelastic scattering of neutrino beams off an iron target. We report on the most recent CCFR measurement of the νN differential cross section and resulting structure functions ΔxF3 = xFν3 − xFν3, and Rlong = σLσT, in the framework of massive charm quark. ΔxF3 in sensitive to strange and charm content of the nucleon. NuTeV's preliminary direct measurement of the strange sea, from dimuon charged-current production, and nucleon charm content probed by neutral-current νN interaction, are also presented.

The NuTeV experiment has performed precision measurements of the ratio of neutral-current to charged-current cross-sections in high rate, high energy neutrino and anti-neutrino beams on a dense, primarily steel, target. The separate neutrino and anti-neutrino beams, high statistics, and improved control of other experimental systematics, allow the determination of electroweak parameters with significantly greater precision than past neutrino-nucleon scattering experiments. Our null hypothesis test of the standard model prediction measures sin2thetaW=0.2277+/-0.0013(stat)+/-0.0009(syst), a value which is 3.0 standard deviations above the prediction. We discuss possible explanations for and implications of this discrepancy.

We report on the extraction of the structure functions F_2 and Delta xF_3 = xF_3nu-xF_3nub from CCFR neutrino-Fe and antineutrino-Fe differential cross sections. The extraction is performed in a physics model independent (PMI) way. This first measurement for Delta xF_3, which is useful in testing models of heavy charm production, is higher than current theoretical predictions. Within 5% the F_2 (PMI) values measured in neutrino and muon scattering are in agreement with the predictions of Next-to-Leading-Order PDFs (using massive charm production schemes), thus resolving the long-standing discrepancy between the two measurements.

Results from the next to leading order (NLO) dimuon analysis from the NuTeV experiment at FNAL are presented. Charged current interactions in neutrino-nucleon scattering with two oppositely charged muons in the final state allow direct study of charm production and measurement of the strange sea. NuTeV's sign selected beam gives it the ability to extract the strange and antistrange seas independently, for which an asymmetry has been predicted in some theoretical models, and which is currently of intense interest in interpreting neutrino electroweak results. The dimuon results presented here represent the first analysis of dimuon events performed utilizing DISCO, a fully NLO cross section code differential in all variables required to model detector acceptance.

The NuTeV experiment uses neutrino deep-inelastic scattering from separate neutrino and anti-neutrino beams to study the structure of the nucleon. Charged-current production of charm is sensitive to the strange content of the nucleon while neutral-current charm production probes the charm content. Preliminary analyses of both topics are presented along with discussion of possible momentum asymmetry in the strange sea.

Let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper Y 1 comma upper Y 2 comma ellipsis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mo>…<!-- … --></mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">Y_{1},Y_{2},\ldots</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be positive, nondegenerate, i.i.d. <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper G"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">G</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> random variables, and independently let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X 1 comma upper X 2 comma ellipsis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mo>…<!-- … --></mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X_{1},X_{2},\ldots</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be i.i.d. <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">F</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> random variables. In this note we show that for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper F element-of script upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈<!-- ∈ --></mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">F\in \mathcal {F}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> in a specified class of distributions <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathcal {F}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, whenever <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="sigma-summation upper X Subscript i Baseline upper Y Subscript i slash sigma-summation upper Y Subscript i"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑<!-- ∑ --></mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∑<!-- ∑ --></mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\sum X_{i}Y_{i}/\sum Y_{i}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> converges in distribution to a nondegenerate limit then G necessarily belongs to the domain of attraction of a stable law with index less than 1. The class <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">F</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathcal {F}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> contains those nondegenerate <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> with a finite second moment and those <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> in the domain of attraction of a stable law with index <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="1 greater-than alpha greater-than 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α<!-- α --></mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">1&gt;\alpha &gt;2</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>.

The Yale ReviewVolume 103, Issue 4 p. 95-96 POETRY THE GIFTS OF TIME David Mason, David MasonSearch for more papers by this author David Mason, David MasonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 September 2015 https://doi.org/10.1111/yrev.13019AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume103, Issue4October 2015Pages 95-96 RelatedInformation

The CMS experiment at the LHC relies on 7 Tier-1 centres of the WLCG to perform the majority of its bulk processing activity, and to archive its data. During the first run of the LHC, these two functions were tightly coupled as each Tier-1 was constrained to process only the data archived on its hierarchical storage. This lack of flexibility in the assignment of processing workflows occasionally resulted in uneven resource utilisation and in an increased latency in the delivery of the results to the physics community.

9 5 R T H E G I F T S O F T I M E D A V I D M A S O N To stand in the kitchen high up in the trees watching a sapling sway, the canopy of leaves and needles stirred by an undersea, and stare, a mug of co√ee in the hand, is all of time. No necessary task impels a rush to dress and find the keys. Decades have served for that. It’s time to breathe. Time also for a long gray ship to turn and for a young man standing on the bridge to wonder if that distant speck is bird or continent. The young man, older now, can hear the heartbeat of an ailing girl. He moves the stethoscope, tells her to breathe, and knows the murmur is her leaking blood, and he is only one, and in the time it takes to breathe he too is gone forever. He too is like the stir of swaying trees, the muddy cli√s eroded by the surf. Stand here and listen to the trees and know their generation too will fall away. The cli√s will fall away. The voices die. ≤ There was another ship, another time, but going nowhere. It steamed both day and night. It made quite a business of making clouds. The sky poured from its stack, its boilers the same, and the ship’s hull tugged at cables and lines 9 6 Y lashed to a gravel bulkhead by the road. It tugged like a leashed dog with boundless hope but never left the shore, that cloudy ship with laborers who strove inside the hull. It rained inside. The men were always wet, the women too, working wet, and wet when they quit work and stepped out to the clouds exhaled from cigarettes they cupped in hands, talking of food they would like to eat again and letters they would like to read, dry-eyed. They too felt time rising from the gray stack. Time is the kitchen high up in the trees and time is the cloudy ship, time is the shore. The people hadn’t known the time before. Only when it slowed and swayed and clouded out, only when the co√ee in the hand went cool could anyone be sure they’d touched the hours or the year of gull cries from an open throat. A current stirs the trees like tidal grass. Stand in the kitchen looking out to sea through stands of waving limbs and feel the wind, the leaking vessels of the blood go down. ≤ No one can make up time. The sea would laugh, the crowded rocks whisper among themselves. The co√ee has gone cold. The names are gone. They are another generation gone. The room is time, the room is out of time. The fissured road will fall into the waves. The ruined millionaire will watch his house tip like a sandbox toy and slide away. A colony of ants will have its say remembered by the beetle rolling dung. An old man dances, knowing he is young. A woman dances in the breaking day. ...

Given Rain David Mason (bio) Late in these latitudes,the given rain, hazel andevergreen by the small roadswhere few are traveling, inwards, indoors, the bookslie open, read not at randombut by dreaming whimsylike roads in the dusk. The child who struggledto write a name and struggledharder to believe that namenow moves the pen of the one who has come indoorsand shaken the rainand left muddy boots on the mat.The world is wet and close and the lightis low, the booksglow with a darkness of their own,the words like rain in the mind. It is late in these latitudes.Sleep on, says the hillof the night and the tunneling roadbent out of sight. [End Page 379] David Mason DAVID MASON’s books include Ludlow: A Verse Novel and Sea Salt: Poems of a Decade. He served as poet laureate of Colorado from 2010 to 2014 and teaches at The Colorado College. Copyright © 2016 David Mason

Voices, Places David Mason (bio) “There is no capital of the world, neither here nor anywhere else . . .” —Czeslaw Milosz Question: How is Venice like Idaho? Answer: Ezra Pound and Ernest Hemingway. And how are voices like places? They move through us as we move through them. The voices of great writers guide us without telling us where we are going—except, of course, to that most obvious destination of all. We are guided by ambiguity— that’s the way literature works. And the way travel works as well. Travel is a curiosity. We understand it only when we stop moving, sit still, and begin to listen back. These are notes from a journey of surprising correspondences, distant rhymes. Voices, places. They begin at startled dawn and end with an unpacked suitcase, and in between lie impressions both Mediterranean and Pacific. Impressions are presences you cannot hold on to, like lives. Bells We woke each morning to church bells in Nauplion, the beautiful Venetian port in the Peloponnesos and the first capital of modern Greece. The nearest bells beat out a pattern you could dance to: onetwothreefour onetwothreefour onetwothree onetwothree onetwothreefour [End Page 455] Weeks later the bells in Venice were more profound, authoritative, gonging beyond the big domes as if to sound out heaven: God God God God Everything in Venice possessed weathered confidence—even the odd face screaming in silent fragments from a wall. Every corner presented another vision of life with its monsters of grace. Greece had been otherwise: so many of its churches, chapels, and monasteries in remote, unpopulated places. In Mani, the long rough peninsula between snowy Taygetus and the Ionian Sea, the churches used to be left open—no longer possible with the increase in tourism, vandalism, and theft. At one gorgeous little church the bell hung outside in an olive tree. It was off a footpath to the spit of land called Tigani, or frying pan. The anonymous frescoes inside were finely modeled and undamaged. The saints I have forgotten now, but not the silence of the thorny and rocky land, the bell, and the calm sea. That bell was such a small clear voice. There are voices that cut through the detritus of the world, some of them without sound, voices seemingly inside the dome of the mind. These are voices we follow all our lives, too many of them even to name. Among the voices I hear are two Americans with strained relations with their native country, two writers whose stock has fallen, at least in some circles. It is necessary to reread writers whose stock has fallen. Let us follow them awhile. There is no path, but there are footsteps, dark as ink. They will not lead in a straight line, but circle back upon themselves like readings of a poem. There is a memory of bells—goat bells, church bells—weathering in the years. Follow the echoes. Ez What were his earliest memories? What did he know at the end, when they took him to the hospital in Venice? What does dementia erase? We were in Idaho, driving west on Highway 20 past the Craters [End Page 456] of the Moon. We stopped so my wife could photograph the eerie light, the sage against black volcanic buttes and canyons and shrouding clouds. I picked up pieces of pumice like sharp lumps of charred breath. In magic hours, traveling in place means traveling in time, as if a door opens and you see through to the eternal presence. I had premonitions all along that road, notions of connection. On the map I saw Hailey, Idaho, just ahead. Pound was born there. And Hemingway shot himself just up the road, in Ketchum. In Venice not two weeks earlier we had seen Pound’s grave. Maybe this would round out the journey in some way, give it shape. Maybe Venice and Idaho were not so far apart. When we turned north off Highway 20, it was into another state. The wealth of outsiders and ski resort people came into view with the big ranches, the white fences, the bike paths. The bare hills were immaculate. In Hailey we saw the small white...

Cata, Juan P.*; Bauer, Maria†; Sokari, Telemate‡; Ramirez, María F.*; Mason, David§; Plautz, Gegory║; Kurz, Andrea¶ Author Information

The detection of change-points in a spatially or time ordered data sequence is an important problem in many fields such as genetics and finance. We derive the asymptotic distribution of a statistic recently suggested for detecting change-points. Simulation of its estimated limit distribution leads to a new and computationally efficient change-point detection algorithm, which can be used on very long signals. We assess the algorithm via simulations and on previously benchmarked real-world data sets.

This data set is part of an open science project which aims at elucidating the fate and reliability of SmartFlares. CELL CULTURE AND LABELLING HeLa cells were seeded at 500,000 cells per well of a 35mm polystyrene dish.The Cy3-VEGF SmartFlare was reconstituted into 1 mL of nuclease free water. 20 μL of the Cy3-VEGF SmartFlare was added to 980 μL MEM medium, which also contains Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), non-essential amino acids and 1% penicillin and streptomycin.Existing medium was removed from the settled cells and a 2 mL PBS wash was carried out twice. Once all PBS was removed 1 mL of the SmartFlare/medium mixture was added to the cells. The cells were then placed back into a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 18 hours. CELL FIXATION AND PROCESSING After 18h incubation, cells were fixed with a solution containing 1% paraformaldehyde and 3% gluteraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4). They were stained first with reduced osmium (2% OsO4 + 1.5% K4[Fe(CN)6]). This was followed by a 2nd osmium staining (2% OsO4) and a uranyl acetate (1%) staining. Samples were then dehydrated in graded ethanol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 2x 100%). Finally, samples were infiltrated with medium TAAB resin 812 and embedded with the same resin. The resin was cured for 48h at 60°C. Ultrathin sections of 350μm x 350μm x 74 nm were cut and placed in 200 mesh Formvar/Carbon filmed grids. They were post-stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate before TEM imaging. IMAGING Cells were imaged on an Tecnai G3 spirit. Cells were imaged first at low magnification (~2900x) and also at higher (~6800x) magnification in the same area.