Cristina Martin Perez

We present the development and discuss the performance of a compact scintillating fiber detector for the Mu3e experiment for accurate time measurements at very high particle rates. Mu3e is a new experiment under preparation at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) to search for charged Lepton Flavor Violation in the neutrinoless muon decay μ+→e+e−e+ with a projected sensitivity of 10−16 using the most intense continuous surface muon beam in the world. A very thin scintillating fiber detector (thickness <0.2% of a radiation length X0) with a time resolution of about 250 ps, efficiency around 97%, and spatial resolution of ∼100μm has been developed. The SciFi detector is read out with multi-channel silicon photomultiplier arrays at both ends to achieve the best timing performance. Different scintillating fiber types have been evaluated and various assembly procedures have been tested to achieve the best performance.

Abstract Most living organisms secrete tiny lipid bilayer particles encapsulating various biomolecular entities, including nucleic acids and proteins. These secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) are shown to aid in communication between cells and their environment. EVs are mainly involved in the signalling and manipulation of physiological processes. Plant EVs display similar functional activity as seen in mammalian EVs. Medicinal plants have many bioactive constituents with potential applications in cancer treatment. Particularly, Basil ( Ocimum basilicum ), has wide therapeutic properties including anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, and anti‐infection, among others. In this study, we focused on using EVs purified from Apoplast Washing Fluid (AWF) of Basil plant leaves as a biological therapeutic agent against cancer. Characterization of Basil EVs revealed a size range of 100–250 nm, which were later assessed for their cell uptake and apoptosis inducing abilities in pancreatic cancer cells. Basil plant EVs (BasEVs) showed a significant cytotoxic effect on pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa‐2 at a concentration of 80 and 160 μg/mL in cell viability, as well as clonogenic assays. Similarly, RT‐PCR and western blot analysis has shown up regulation in apoptotic gene and protein expression of Bax, respectively, in BasEV treatment groups compared to untreated controls of MIA PaCa‐2. Overall, our results suggest that EVs from basil plants have potent anti‐cancer effects in pancreatic cancer cells and can serve as a drug delivery system, demanding an investigation into the therapeutic potential of other medicinal plant EVs.

Figure 1.Data-driven 3D reconstruction of a male body from images taken with a smartphone app (2D3D)

The Mu3e experiment searches for a rare lepton flavor violating μ+→e+e+e− decay and it aims at reaching an ultimate sensitivity of 10−16 on the branching fraction of the μ+→e+e+e− decay, four orders of magnitude better than the current limit B(μ+→e+e+e−)<10−12. The experiment will be hosted at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Villigen, Switzerland) which delivers the most intense low momentum continuous muon beam in the world (up to few ×108μ/s). In order to achieve this unprecedent sensitivity new detector R&D have been performed. We will report about the Scintillating Fiber (SciFi) detector R&D aiming at a detector able to measure minimum ionizing particles with a highest as possible detection efficiency (>95%), timing resolutions well below 1 ns and spatial resolution of ≈100μm. The main challenge to address such a requirements is to keep the detector as thin as possible, to minimize the multiple scattering. Then the thickness of the detector must be below 0.4% of radiation length X0. It implies that the requirements listed above will be extracted measuring just a relative low number of photoelectrons. The results of several beam tests are given, proving that the requirements for the experiment has been addressed. These studies have been supported with detailed Monte Carlo simulations from the fiber through the photosensors up to the electronics and the data acquisition.

This paper gives a detailed description of the acquisition and trigger electronics especially designed for the V0 detector of ALICE at LHC. A short presentation of the detector itself is given before the description of the Front End Electronics (FEE) system, which is completely embedded within the LHC environment as far as acquisition (DAQ), trigger (CTP), and detector control (DCS) are concerned. It is able to detect on-line coincident events and to achieve charge (with a precision of 0.6 pC) and time measurements (with a precision of 100 ps). It deploys quite a simple architecture. It is however totally programmable and fully non-standard in discriminating events coming from Beam–Beam interaction and Beam-Gas background. Finally, raw data collected from the first LHC colliding beams illustrate the performance of the system.

The observation of the associated production of the Higgs boson with two top quarks in proton-proton collisions is one of the highlights of the LHC Run 2. Driven by the theoretical description of the physics processes, the Matrix Element Method (MEM) consists in computing a probability that an event is compatible with the signal hypothesis (ttH) or with one of the background hypotheses. It is a powerful classifying tool requiring high dimensional integral computations. The deployment of our MEM production code on GPU’s platform will be described. What follows will focus on the adaptation of the main components of the computations in OpenCL kernels, namely the Magraph matrix element code generator, VEGAS, and LHAPDF. Finally, the gain obtained on GPU’s platforms compared with classical CPU’s platforms will be assessed.

Abstract We report the results of 6 years (2013–2018) of measurements of $$^{222}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>222</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> Rn air concentration, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and temperature in the halls A, B and C of the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC). We have calculated all the Pearson correlation coefficients among these parameters and we have found a positive correlation between the $$^{222}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>222</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> Rn concentration and the relative humidity. Both correlated variables show a seasonal periodicity. The joint analysis of laboratory data and 4 years (2015–2018) of the meteorological variables outside the laboratory shows the correlation between the $$^{222}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>222</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> Rn concentration and the outside temperature. The collected information stresses the relevance of designing good Rn-mitigation strategies in current and future experiments at LSC; in particular, we have checked for two years (2017–2018) the good performance of the mitigation procedure of the ANAIS-112 experiment. Finally, we have monitored (2019–2021) for 2 years of live time, the radon-free air provided by the radon abatement system installed in the laboratory.

Mu3e is a dedicated experiment designed to find or exclude the charged lepton flavor violating μ→ eee decay at branching fractions above 10−16. The search is pursued in two operational phases: Phase I uses an existing beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), targeting a single event sensitivity of 2·10−15, while the ultimate sensitivity is reached in Phase II using a high intensity muon beamline under study at PSI. As the μ→ eee decay is heavily suppressed in the Standard Model of particle physics, the observation of such a signal would be an unambiguous indication of the existence of new physics. Achieving the desired sensitivity requires a high rate of muons (108 stopped muons per second) along with a detector with large kinematic acceptance and efficiency, able to reconstruct the low momentum of the decay electrons and positrons. To achieve this goal, the Mu3e experiment is mounted with an ultra thin tracking detector based on monolithic active pixel sensors for excellent momentum and vertex resolution, combined with scintillating fibers and tiles for precise timing measurements.

Consenso Latino-Americano para as Diretrizes de Tratamento da Migrânea Crônica. Headache Medicine. 2012;3(4):150-61

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 2&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Knowledge about the mechanism of action (MoA) of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is required to understand which patients with multiple myeloma (MM) benefit the most from a given mAb, alone or in combination therapy. Although there is considerable research about daratumumab, knowledge about other anti-CD38 mAbs remains scarce.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We performed a comprehensive analysis of the MoA of isatuximab.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Isatuximab induces internalization of CD38 but not its significant release from MM cell surface. In addition, we uncovered an association between levels of CD38 expression and different MoA: (i) Isatuximab was unable to induce direct apoptosis on MM cells with CD38 levels closer to those in patients with MM, (ii) isatuximab sensitized CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; MM cells to bortezomib plus dexamethasone in the presence of stroma, (iii) antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was triggered by CD38&lt;sup&gt;lo&lt;/sup&gt; and CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; tumor plasma cells (PC), (iv) antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) was triggered only by CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; MM cells, whereas (v) complement-dependent cytotoxicity could be triggered in less than half of the patient samples (those with elevated levels of CD38). Furthermore, we showed that isatuximab depletes CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; B-lymphocyte precursors and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt;—the latter through activation followed by exhaustion and eventually phagocytosis.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;This study provides a framework to understand response determinants in patients treated with isatuximab based on the number of MoA triggered by CD38 levels of expression, and for the design of effective combinations aimed at capitalizing disrupted tumor–stroma cell protection, augmenting NK lymphocyte–mediated ADCC, or facilitating ADCP in CD38&lt;sup&gt;lo&lt;/sup&gt; MM patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Malavasi and Faini, p. 2946&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) is a surrogate of prolonged survival in multiple myeloma. Thus, treatment individualization based on the probability of a patient achieving undetectable MRD with a singular regimen could represent a new concept toward personalized treatment, with fast assessment of its success. This has never been investigated; therefore, we sought to define a machine learning model to predict undetectable MRD at the onset of multiple myeloma.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;This study included 487 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. The training (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 152) and internal validation cohorts (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 149) consisted of 301 transplant-eligible patients with active multiple myeloma enrolled in the GEM2012MENOS65 trial. Two external validation cohorts were defined by 76 high-risk transplant-eligible patients with smoldering multiple myeloma enrolled in the Grupo Español de Mieloma(GEM)-CESAR trial, and 110 transplant-ineligible elderly patients enrolled in the GEM-CLARIDEX trial.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;The most effective model to predict MRD status resulted from integrating cytogenetic [t(4;14) and/or del(17p13)], tumor burden (bone marrow plasma cell clonality and circulating tumor cells), and immune-related biomarkers. Accurate predictions of MRD outcomes were achieved in 71% of cases in the GEM2012MENOS65 trial (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 214/301) and 72% in the external validation cohorts (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 134/186). The model also predicted sustained MRD negativity from consolidation onto 2 years maintenance (GEM2014MAIN). High-confidence prediction of undetectable MRD at diagnosis identified a subgroup of patients with active multiple myeloma with 80% and 93% progression-free and overall survival rates at 5 years.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;It is possible to accurately predict MRD outcomes using an integrative, weighted model defined by machine learning algorithms. This is a new concept toward individualized treatment in multiple myeloma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Pawlyn and Davies, p. 2482&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Knowledge about the mechanism of action (MoA) of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is required to understand which patients with multiple myeloma (MM) benefit the most from a given mAb, alone or in combination therapy. Although there is considerable research about daratumumab, knowledge about other anti-CD38 mAbs remains scarce.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We performed a comprehensive analysis of the MoA of isatuximab.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Isatuximab induces internalization of CD38 but not its significant release from MM cell surface. In addition, we uncovered an association between levels of CD38 expression and different MoA: (i) Isatuximab was unable to induce direct apoptosis on MM cells with CD38 levels closer to those in patients with MM, (ii) isatuximab sensitized CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; MM cells to bortezomib plus dexamethasone in the presence of stroma, (iii) antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was triggered by CD38&lt;sup&gt;lo&lt;/sup&gt; and CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; tumor plasma cells (PC), (iv) antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) was triggered only by CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; MM cells, whereas (v) complement-dependent cytotoxicity could be triggered in less than half of the patient samples (those with elevated levels of CD38). Furthermore, we showed that isatuximab depletes CD38&lt;sup&gt;hi&lt;/sup&gt; B-lymphocyte precursors and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt;—the latter through activation followed by exhaustion and eventually phagocytosis.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;This study provides a framework to understand response determinants in patients treated with isatuximab based on the number of MoA triggered by CD38 levels of expression, and for the design of effective combinations aimed at capitalizing disrupted tumor–stroma cell protection, augmenting NK lymphocyte–mediated ADCC, or facilitating ADCP in CD38&lt;sup&gt;lo&lt;/sup&gt; MM patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Malavasi and Faini, p. 2946&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Data from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Data from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) is a surrogate of prolonged survival in multiple myeloma. Thus, treatment individualization based on the probability of a patient achieving undetectable MRD with a singular regimen could represent a new concept toward personalized treatment, with fast assessment of its success. This has never been investigated; therefore, we sought to define a machine learning model to predict undetectable MRD at the onset of multiple myeloma.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;This study included 487 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. The training (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 152) and internal validation cohorts (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 149) consisted of 301 transplant-eligible patients with active multiple myeloma enrolled in the GEM2012MENOS65 trial. Two external validation cohorts were defined by 76 high-risk transplant-eligible patients with smoldering multiple myeloma enrolled in the Grupo Español de Mieloma(GEM)-CESAR trial, and 110 transplant-ineligible elderly patients enrolled in the GEM-CLARIDEX trial.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;The most effective model to predict MRD status resulted from integrating cytogenetic [t(4;14) and/or del(17p13)], tumor burden (bone marrow plasma cell clonality and circulating tumor cells), and immune-related biomarkers. Accurate predictions of MRD outcomes were achieved in 71% of cases in the GEM2012MENOS65 trial (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 214/301) and 72% in the external validation cohorts (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 134/186). The model also predicted sustained MRD negativity from consolidation onto 2 years maintenance (GEM2014MAIN). High-confidence prediction of undetectable MRD at diagnosis identified a subgroup of patients with active multiple myeloma with 80% and 93% progression-free and overall survival rates at 5 years.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;It is possible to accurately predict MRD outcomes using an integrative, weighted model defined by machine learning algorithms. This is a new concept toward individualized treatment in multiple myeloma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Pawlyn and Davies, p. 2482&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Data from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Data from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

Supplementary Figure from A Machine Learning Model Based on Tumor and Immune Biomarkers to Predict Undetectable MRD and Survival Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 2&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3&lt;/p&gt;

Se denomina deserción estudiantil al abandono presente dentro del alumnado hacia la realización sus actividades curriculares antes de concluir su ciclo de estudios o de obtener el grado; este aspecto es considerado sumamente preocupante para las universidades, principalmente las públicas, este fenómeno puede darse por una serie de factores asociados. El propósito del presente trabajo fue determinar cuáles fueron las características individuales, socioeconómicas, académicas e institucionales de los estudiantes desertores de los programas de ciencias de la salud de la universidad de Cartagena, con el fin de brindar soporte y apoyo para la toma de decisiones y crear estrategias que tiendan a la disminución de la deserción. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo. La población estudiada fue de 129 estudiantes que desertaron de los programas de enfermería, medicina y odontología entre los periodos 2021-1 hasta 2022-2. Se evaluaron variables de magnitud e indicador de deserción; Se utilizó las Bases de datos de estudiantes desertores de cada uno de los distintos programas de ciencias de la salud de una universidad pública de Cartagena entre el periodo comprendido del 2021-1 hasta 2022-2. En el estudio se emplearon recursos humanos, financieros, técnicos y materiales. El recurso humano estuvo constituido por un investigador principal, y 2 coinvestigadores, quienes se encargaron de recolectar a través de la base de datos los listados de los estudiantes desertores del área de la salud en el periodo mencionado, obtenido por medio de los diferentes departamentos académicos de cada programa, luego se sometió a análisis y procesos estadísticos. Con los resultados arrojados por esta investigación es posible concluir que uno de los motivos que afecta con mayor frecuencia la permanecía de los estudiantes universitarios es el bajo nivel académico, esto debido a la no obtención del promedio ponderado o acumulado exigido por la institución para la continuación de los estudios a nivel superior.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is known for releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from tumor cells. We aimed to find ICD signals by assessing the variation of plasmatic DAMPs (HMGB1, S100A8) before-after standard of care (SoC) systemic treatment in patients with advanced solid tumors.Patients scheduled to start a new line of systemic treatment were included. Plasmatic concentrations of HMGB1 and S100A8 were measured (ng/mL) before and after three months of treatment.Fifty-two patients were included. Forty-four patients (85%) had metastases, and 8 (15%) were treated for stage III tumors. The most frequent tumor sites were colorectal (35%) and lung (25%). Forty-two patients (81%) received this treatment in the first-line setting. Thirty-six patients (69%) were treated chemotherapy (CT) alone, ten (19%) CT plus targeted therapy, two (3.8%) carboplatin-pemetrexed-pembrolizumab, three (5.8%) pembrolizumab alone and one (1.9%) cetuximab alone. Median plasmatic concentration of S100A8 was significantly higher before than after treatment in the whole population (3.78 vs. 2.91 ng/mL; p = 0.011) and more markedly in the subgroups of patients who experienced RECIST-assessed tumor response (5.70 vs. 2.63 ng/mL; p = 0.002). Median plasmatic concentration of HMGB1was not significantly different before and after treatment (10.23 vs. 11.85 ng/mL; p = 0.382) and did not differ depending on tumor response. Median PFS was not significantly different between patients whose plasma HMBG1 concentration decreased or increased (8.0 vs. 10.6 months; p = 0.29) after treatment. Median PFS was significantly longer in those patients in whom the plasma concentration of S100A8 decreased after treatment (12 vs. 4.7 months; p < 0.001). Median OS was not significantly different between patients whose plasma HMBG1 concentration decreased or increased (13.1 vs. 14.7 months; p = 0.46) after treatment. Median OS was significantly longer in those patients in whom the plasma concentration of S100A8 decreased after treatment (16.7 vs. 9.0 months; p < 0.001).Signals of ICD were not observed. S100A8 behaves as an inflammatory marker with decreased concentration after treatment, mostly in RECIST-responders. PFS and OS were significantly prolonged in those patients who experienced a decrease of S100A8 compared with those patients who experienced increase of plasma S100A8 at three months.

Cutaneous metastases are relatively rare in clinical practice and their diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion because clinical findings can be subtle. These metastases reveal the presence of disseminated malignant disease and can lead to the diagnosis of unsuspected internal tumors or the spread or recurrence of an already diagnosed tumor. Early recognition of cutaneous metastases can facilitate prompt and accurate diagnosis resulting in early treatment; however, they are generally indicative of a poor prognosis. Some tumors have a predilection to metastasize to specific areas. Recognition of these patterns provides essential information that can guide the search for the underlying tumor.Las metástasis cutáneas son relativamente raras en la práctica clínica. Su diagnóstico requiere un alto índice de sospecha, pues los hallazgos clínicos pueden ser sutiles. Las metástasis cutáneas ponen de manifiesto la presencia de un tumor maligno diseminado y pueden permitir el diagnóstico de neoplasias internas no conocida o indicar la diseminación o recurrencia de otras ya diagnosticadas. Su reconocimiento temprano puede llevar a un diagnóstico preciso y rápido, con el consiguiente tratamiento oportuno, aunque en la mayoría de los casos son indicativas de un pronóstico infausto. Algunos tumores tienen predilección por metastatizar en áreas específicas. El reconocimiento de esos patrones es esencial para dirigir la búsqueda del tumor subyacente.

e14524 Background: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is known for the release of DAMPS from tumor cells. We aimed to find signals of ICD by assessing the variation of plasma DAMPS (HMGB1 and S100A8) after vs. before standard of care (SoC) systemic treatment in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: Patients scheduled to start a new line of systemic treatment were included. Plasma concentrations of HMGB1 and S100A8 were measured (ng/mL) before and after three months of treatment. CD44 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression was determined in tumor tissue. After vs. before variation of paired median concentrations was analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the whole population and selected subgroups according to RECIST response, baseline plasmatic iron levels, CD44 expression, and platinum-based treatment. Results: Fifty-two patients were included. The most frequent tumor sites were colorectal (35%) and lung (25%). Forty-two patients (81%) received this treatment as first-line. Thirty-six patients (69%) received chemotherapy (CT) alone, ten (19%) CT plus targeted therapy (7 FOLFOX or XELOX plus bevacizumab, and one each FOLFOX plus cetuximab, FOLFOX plus panitumumab, docetaxel-trastuzumab-pertuzumab), two (3.8%) carboplatin-pemetrexed-pembrolizumab, three (5.8%) pembrolizumab alone and one (1.9%) cetuximab alone. Overall response rate (RECIST) was 42%, rate of patients with low baseline plasmatic iron levels was 53%, and CD44 expression was positive in 35% of the patients. Results on plasma concentration of DAMPS are shown in the table. Conclusions: Signals of ICD were not observed in these patients. HMGB1 variation was not significant while plasma concentration of S100A8 significantly decreased after treatment, more markedly in those patients who experienced tumor response.[Table: see text]

La COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa que devino en pandemia en 2019 y es provocada por el coronavirus SARS- CoV-2. Esta sucinta revisión actualiza conocimientos acerca de la respuesta inmune del anfitrión ante el virus, dada su importancia en la resolución de la enfermedad y protección ante reinfecciones.&#x0D; Una actividad concertada entre los distintos componentes de la respuesta inmune sería crucial para enfrentar la virosis, por lo cual los individuos deficientes tendrían mayor riesgo de desarrollar una enfermedad grave. La gravedad depende de múltiples factores, como estado de salud, sexo, etnia, edad, etc.&#x0D; Si bien existe una gran variabilidad, la magnitud de la respuesta inmune parece perdurar por lo menos 5 meses. Entre sus componentes, los anticuerpos circulantes, al disminuir la carga viral, serían particularmente útiles en los comienzos de la infección, pero no regularían su gravedad, que depende fundamentalmente de los linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+.&#x0D; Aunque el índice de reinfección parece ser bajo, no se ha hallado ninguna correlación categórica entre la magnitud de la respuesta inmune y el grado de protección ante la COVID-19, tanto primaria como participaciónsecundaria. Esto sugeriría ser cauteloso ante la instancia de interpretar análisis clínicos y tomar decisiones sanitarias y sociales.

Consenso Latinoamericano para las Directrices de Tratamiento de la Migraña Crónica. Headache Medicine. 2012;3(4)

1. Menthol and flavored tobacco products in LMICs: A growing menace Mateusz Zatoński, Karin Silver, Sarah Plummer, Rosemary Hiscock Tobacco Induced Diseases CrossRef

The CMS experiment implements a sophisticated two-level triggering system composed of a hardware Level-1 and a software High Level Trigger. A new Level-1 trigger architecture with improved performance is now being used to maintain high physics efficiency for the more challenging luminosity conditions experienced during Run II. In this paper, the upgrades to the calorimeter trigger are shown along with performance measured on 2017 collision data. The algorithms for the selection of final states with hadronically decaying τ leptons are described. The implementation of the first dedicated Vector Boson Fusion trigger algorithm is presented as well, along with its performance on Higgs physics signals.

Hadrons emerging from high-energy collisions, as it is the case for protons and pions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, can produce a damage to inorganic crystals that is specific and cumulative. The mechanism is well understood as due to bulk damage from fragments caused by fission. In this paper, the existing experimental evidence for lead tungstate, LYSO and cerium fluoride is summarised, a study using FLUKA simulations is described and its results are discussed and compared to measurements. The outcome corroborates the confidence in the predictive power of such simulations applied to inorganic scintillators, which are relevant to their adoption as scintillators for calorimetry.

espanolIntroduccion. La enfermedad TIBOLA (Tick-Borne Lymphadenopa- thy) fue descrita inicialmente en el este de Europa y desde hace pocos anos se estan comunicando mas casos en nuestra zona. Se ha relacionado con la Rickettsia slovaca, transmitida por la pica- dura de la garrapata Dermacentor marginatus, habitual de la pe- ninsula Iberica y que se encuentra en jabalies. Caso clinico. Presentamos el caso de un nino de 10 anos a quien se extrajo una de estas garrapatas, y que presentaba sintomas compa- tibles con esta enfermedad y serologia positiva a Rickettsia conorii Comentarios. Tenemos que sospechar este diagnostico ante la pre- sencia de una escara necrotica en cuero cabelludo y adenopatias regionales dolorosas. La serologia a otras rickettsias puede ser po- sitiva por reaccion cruzada. Las tecnicas moleculares como la PCR en sangre y en muestra de la lesion de inoculacion nos pueden ayudar al diagnostico etiologico. catalaIntroduccio. La malaltia TIBOLA (Tick-Borne Lymphadeno- pathy) va ser descrita inicialment a l’est d’Europa i des de fa pocs anys se n’estan comunicant mes casos a la nostra zona. S’ha relacionat amb la Rickettsia slovaca , transmesa per la picada de la paparra Dermacentor marginatus, habi- tual de la peninsula Iberica i que s’ha trobat en senglars. Cas clinic. Presentem el cas d’un nen de 10 anys a qui es va extreure una d’aquestes paparres, i que presentava simptomatologia compatible amb aquesta malaltia i serolo- gia positiva a Rickettsia conorii Comentaris. Hem de sospitar el diagnostic davant la presen- cia d’una escara necrotica al cuir pilos amb adenopaties regionals doloroses. La serologia a altres rickettsies pot ser positiva per reaccio creuada. Les tecniques moleculars com la PCR en sang i en mostra extreta de la lesio d’inoculacio ens poden ajudar a fer el diagnostic etiologic. EnglishIntroduction. TIBOLA (Tick-Borne LymphAdenopathy) was first re- ported in Eastern Europe and new cases have been recently repor- ted in our country. This illness is caused by Rickettsia slovaca which is transmitted by the Dermacentor marginatus tick bite; this tick is widely found among boars in the Iberian Peninsula. Case Report. A 10-year-old child with history of having a tick atta- ched to the scalp, presented with symptoms suggestive of TIBOLA; serology was positive for Rickettsia conorii Discussion. The diagnosis of TIBOLA should be suspected in the presence of a necrotic eschar at the inoculation site in the scalp associated with painful regional lymphadenopathies. Serology shows cross-reaction with other rikettsiae. Molecular techniques such as PCR in serum or inoculation lesion samples can also aid in the diagnosis

Presentamos un estudio exploratorio desarrollado con estudiantes de 4o de la Ensenanza Secundaria Obligatoria usando la elaboracion y demostracion de la formula de Euler como situacion-contexto para desarrollar diferentes contenidos geometricos de secundaria. Nos fijamos en las estrategias utilizadas al contar las caras, vertices y aristas de diferentes solidos a partir de diferentes representaciones de los mismos (modelos construidos con material comercializado, sus desarrollos, dibujos en perspectiva) y tratamos tambien cuestiones referidas al tipo de argumentacion, a dificultades y errores y al uso del lenguaje especifico. Los datos se han obtenido mediante tests y una entrevista que se han administrado intercalando entre ellos cierta instruccion en la que se han usado los solidos como contexto y como objeto de estudio.

La siguiente tesis se realizo con el fin de hacer un diagnostico estrategico que permita la implementacion de un Cuadro de Mando Integral, instrumento muy valioso para el control de gestion y la toma de decisiones en organizaciones orientadas a la estrategia. Tal diagnostico estrategico fue realizado a una PYME del sector de plasticos en Colombia, PROINPLAST S.A., esta empresa familiar dio la oportunidad al equipo de trabajo de conocer a fondo todo lo relacionado con la empresa, interactuar con los diferentes actores del sector y tuvo la mejor disposicion para la realizacion de este proyecto que sera de gran ayuda para la perdurabilidad y competitividad de la empresa en el sector. Se utilizaron diferentes herramientas para lograr el objetivo; entre ellas se encuentran el analisis PEST, la matriz DOFA, las 5 fuerzas de Michael Porter, el Diamante de competitividad y el Balance Score Card. Al final de la tesis se puede encontrar la estrategia propuesta para la empresa y las recomendaciones que permitan un manejo exitoso y la culminacion del objetivo, ser una PYME orientada a la estrategia.

The quest for the understanding of the structure of matter and the forces it is subject to has always been at the heart of the scientific community. Today, this quest extends further into the origin of the universe, and particle physics constitutes a possible path to satisfy that curiosity. It is a field that has been continuously evolving over the last 50 years, with many experimental discoveries and a well established theoretical framework, the Standard Model (SM), which gives relatively simple answers to the big questions. Despite its excellent agreement with the experimental tests, some observations and theoretical findings suggest that the theory is still incomplete. The SM does not explain known phenomena, such as the abundance of dark matter in the universe or the observed asymmetry between matter and antimatter. It does not incorporate a description of the gravitational force and it is not compatible with the well-established theory of general relativity. These and other shortcomings lead to the belief that the SM is part of a more fundamental theory valid at higher energy scales; undergoing very precise measurements of the SM parameters and exploring manifestations of new physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) is of uttermost importance to unveil the mysteries of the field.

The measurement of the $$\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H} $$ and $$\mathrm {t}\mathrm {H} $$ cross sections based on machine learning techniques (DNNs, BDTs) has been described in Chap. 7 . The measured $$\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H} $$ signal strength following such approach is $$\mu _{\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H}} = 0.92^{+0.26}_{-0.23}$$ , with an observed significance of 4.7 $$\sigma $$ over the background-only hypothesis; the measured $$\mathrm {t}\mathrm {H} $$ signal strength modifier is $$\mu _{\mathrm {t}\mathrm {H}} = 5.67^{+4.05}_{-3.98}$$ , with a significance of 1.4 $$\sigma $$ . The control analysis presented in this chapter constitutes a complementary measurement of the $$\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H} $$ cross section using a set of alternative observables in the maximum likelihood fit.

CERN, or the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, is an international research centre that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. It sits astride the Franco-Swiss border west of Geneva and was founded in 1954 by twelve European countries. It was initially dedicated to the fields of nuclear and particle physics: its original name stands for Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, or European Council for Nuclear Research. Today, as our understanding of matter goes much deeper than the nucleus, the laboratory is oriented towards particle physics research. It has become an example of international scientific collaboration, with more than 13000 collaborators of over 100 nationalities representing more than 500 universities and institutes. As particle physics demands the ultimate in performance, CERN is at the forefront of technology development and knowledge transfer, and most notably served as the birthplace of the World Wide Web (WWW) in 1989.

This thesis studies the interaction of the Higgs boson and the top quark, and also the subsequent decays of the Higgs boson to pairs of τ, W, or Z bosons

The HL-LHC constitutes the Phase 2 of the LHC operation, following the ongoing Phase 1, and is scheduled to start in 2027. In its nominal configuration, it will run at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and it will reach an instantaneous luminosity of 5 $$\times \ 10^{34}\ {{\text {cm}}}^{-2}{{\text {s}}}^{-1}$$ , corresponding to an average pileup of 140. After 10 years of operations, it is expected to deliver an integrated luminosity of 3000 $${{\text {fb}}}^{-1}$$ . The machine will be possibly pushed up to an instantaneous luminosity of 7.5 $$\times \ 10^{34}\ {{\text {cm}}}^{-2}{{\text {s}}}^{-1}$$ in its ultimate configuration, resulting in pileup values as high as 200 and a total integrated luminosity of 4000 $${{\text {fb}}}^{-1}$$ . The unprecedented dataset will be fully exploited with an ambitious physics programme including high-precision measurements and searches for BSM physics. A significantly improved characterization of the Higgs boson sector is foreseen; it contemplates a per-cent level precision on the couplings to fundamental fields, the observation of rare decays ( $${{\text {H}}}\rightarrow \mu \mu $$ , $${{\text {H}}}\rightarrow {{\text {Z}}}\gamma $$ ) and production modes ( $${{\text {H}}}{{\text {H}}}$$ ), and the search for forbidden decays ( $${{\text {H}}}\rightarrow e\gamma $$ ).

The search for the $$\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H} $$ and $$\mathrm {t}\mathrm {H} $$ processes in multileptonic final states follows the general strategy described in Chap. 6 . Once the signal regions are defined, the rate of the signals is determined by means of the maximum likelihood (ML) fit to the data in distributions of certain observables in the signal and control regions, following the statistical tools presented in Sect. 6.7 . The observables employed for this purpose are chosen so that the maximal separation power between the signals and the backgrounds is achieved. Once the discriminating variable is identified, one could choose to select events that pass an optimized cut on this variable to reduce the background contributions in the signal regions, followed by a straight-forward statistical analysis of the data.

This chapter describes the analysis strategy aimed at the measurement of the cross section of the Higgs boson produced in association with one or two top quarks, denoted respectively as $$\mathrm {t}\mathrm {H} $$ and $$\mathrm {t}\bar{\mathrm {t}}\mathrm {H} $$ , where the Higgs boson decays to $$\mathrm {W}\mathrm {W}^*$$ , $$\mathrm {Z}\mathrm {Z}^*$$ or $$\tau ^+\tau ^-$$ .

The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics was developed throughout the second half of the XXth century and provides a description of the elementary particles and their fundamental interactions [1, 2]. Its theoretical framework is built upon the mathematical foundations of quantum field theory (QFT) and gauge symmetries, refined by the constant back and forth between theory and experiment. It is well corroborated by the experimental observations, and its predictive power was further consolidated with the discovery of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva (Switzerland), on the 4th July 2012 [3, 4], 50 years after it was first postulated.

On the 3rd December 2018, the LHC’s second run came to an end after three years of outstanding operation. The increasingly high collision rates delivered in the core of CMS posed significant challenges to the detector, which performed with excellent reliability, demonstrating its versatility through the changing experimental conditions. Considerable efforts were put in place in the trigger system to deal with the harsher data-taking conditions, notably the upgrade of its Level-1 system at the beginning of the run, but also the increased level of sophistication and resilience of the reconstruction algorithms throughout data-taking.

As described in Sect. 3.3, the CMS detector presents a sophisticated two-stage trigger system that reduces the event rate to an acceptable level, while retaining the potentially interesting physics events with the highest efficiency possible. To guarantee the success of the ambitious CMS physics program in the harsher experimental conditions of the LHC Run 2 with respect to Run 1, the L1 trigger hardware and architecture were upgraded during LS1[1]. The new calorimeter trigger features an increased granularity and a time-multiplexed design to guarantee a global view of the inputs and to remove the regional boundaries in the object reconstruction. The algorithms are implemented in powerful FPGAs; their increased sophistication is complemented with the improved correlation capabilities of the global trigger, building the grounds for analysis-targeted seeds to enhance the selectivity of the physics signals.

Surround view systems are becoming more and more important in Autonomous Driving and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems where multiple perception tasks have been developed in order to solve the needs in this field. However, there is a lack of literature for multi-object trackers that deals with multiple cameras in automotive setups. In this paper, we propose a system to tackle multi-object tracking with inter-camera object identification using fisheye cameras covering a 360º view in real time. We provide results from a custom ground truth annotated sequence using CARLA simulator.

(1) Background: Painful nervus intermedius neuropathy involves continuous or near-continuous pain affecting the distribution of the intermedius nerve(s). The diagnosis of this entity is challenging, particularly when the clinical and demographic features do not resemble the typical presentation of this condition. To the best of our knowledge, only three case reports have described the occurrence of nervus intermedius neuropathy in young patients. (2) Case Description: A 13-year-old female referred to the orofacial pain clinic with a complaint of pain located deep in the right ear and mastoid area. The pain was described as constant, throbbing and dull, with an intensity of 7/10 on numerical rating scale, characterized by superimposed brief paroxysms of severe sharp pain. The past treatments included ineffective pharmacological and irreversible surgical approaches. After a comprehensive evaluation, a diagnosis of idiopathic painful nervus intermedius neuropathy was given, which was successfully managed with the use of gabapentin. (3) Conclusions and Practical Implications: The diagnosis and treatment of neuropathic pain affecting the nervus intermedius can be challenging due to the complex nature of the sensory innervation of the ear. The diagnosis can be even more challenging in cases of atypical clinical and demographic presentations, which in turn may result in unsuccessful, unnecessary, and irreversible treatments. Multidisciplinary teams and constant knowledge update are fundamental to provide good quality of care to our patients and not to overlook any relevant signs or symptoms.

(1) Background: Painful nervus intermedius neuropathy (e.g., geniculate neuralgia) involves continuous or near-continuous pain affecting the distribution of the intermedius nerve(s). The diagnosis of this entity is challenging, particularly when the clinical and demographic features do not resemble the typical presentation of this condition. To the best of our knowledge, only three case reports have described the occurrence of nervus intermedius neuropathy in young patients. (2) Case Description: A 13-year-old female referred to the Orofacial Pain clinic with a complaint of pain located deep in the right ear and mastoid area. The pain was described as a constant throbbing and dull, with an intensity of 7/10 on numerical rating scale, characterized by superimposed brief paroxysms of severe sharp pain. The past treatments included ineffective pharmacological and irreversible surgical approaches. After a comprehensive evaluation, a diagnosis of idiopathic painful nervus intermedius neuropathy was given, which was successfully managed with the use of gabapentin. (3) Conclusions and Practical Implications: The diagnosis and treatment of neuropathic pain affecting the nervus intermedius can be challenging due to the complex nature of the sensory innervation of the ear. The diagnosis can be even more challenging in cases of atypical clinical and demographic presentations, which in turn may result in unsuccessful, unnecessary, and irreversible treatments. Multidisciplinary teams and constant knowledge update are fundamental to provide good quality of care to our patients and to not overlook any relevant signs or symptoms.

We present and discuss the development and performance of a compact scintillating fiber (SciFi) detector for timing to be used in the Mu3e experiment at very high particle rates. The SciFi detector is read out with multichannel silicon photomuiltipliers (SiPM) arrays at both ends to achieve the best timing performance. Mu3e is a new experiment under preparation at the Paul Scherrer Institute to search for charged Lepton Flavor Violation in the rare neutrinoless muon decay mu->eee using the most intense continuous surface muon beam in the world. The Mu3e detector is based on thin high-voltage monolithic active silicon pixel sensors (HV-MAPS) for very precise tracking in conjunction with scintillating fibers and scintillating tiles coupled to SiPMs for accurate timing measurements and it is designed to operate at very high intensities. In order to reach a single event sensitivity of 10^-16 for this rare mu->eee muon decay, all backgrounds must be rejected well below this level. To suppress all forms of accidental background, a very thin SciFi detector (thickness < 0.2% of a radiation length X_0) with a time resolution of 250 ps, efficiency in excess of 96%, and spatial resolution of 100 micron has been developed. In this paper we report on the development, construction, and performance of this SciFi detector. Different scintillating fiber types have been evaluated and various assembly procedures have been tested to achieve the best performance. The compact size, fast response, good timing, high spatial resolution, insensitivity to magnetic fields, and adaptable geometry make SciFi detectors suitable for a variety of applications.

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid5&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The effect of mineral surfaces on increasing molecular&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;com&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;plexity has been considered an&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;important topic in studies on the origin of life&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[1]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;. In addition, HCN is considered a key molecule&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;in the research&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;abou&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;t the chemical evolution. Als&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;o, HCN polymers are considered&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;keys in&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;the&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;formation of the first protometa&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;bolic systems and&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;they&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;may be&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;among the&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;most readily formed&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;organic&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;macromolecules in the solar system&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[2]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid6&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Rece&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ntl&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;y, it&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;was s&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;howed that the HCN&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;based polymeric films over pyrite surfaces act as&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;protective films&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;. Preventing to the&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;oxidation the high reactive pyrite surface under ambient&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;conditions of moisture, light an air of a standar&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;d&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;chemistry lab&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;. The unexpected beha&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;v&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;io&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ur&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;of&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;the pyrite/HCN polymeric film e&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ncourag&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;es us to explore in deep&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;these systems&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;under early&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Earth&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;conditions&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;due the new insight open in preb&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;iotic chemistry&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[3]&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid7&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;S&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ince the UV radiation can be an i&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;mportant factor in the&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;increasing of the molecular&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;complexity&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;,&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;in this work the role of the protective films over pyrite surfaces were study by&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;XPS after&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;irradiation of the samples during long exposure times.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;As a result, the formation of a film with&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;protective properties against corrosion by oxygen and UV radiation is identified, forming a stable&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;polymeric film under ambient conditions. These results raise the great potential of HCN&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;pol&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ymers for the development of a new class of cheap and easy&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;to&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;produce multifunctional&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;polymeric materials that also show promising and attractive insights into prebiotic chemistry.&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;amp;#160;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt; &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid10&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;img src=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; alt=&amp;quot;&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;1. G. W&amp;amp;#228;chtersh&amp;amp;#228;user, Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, 584 (2007).&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid11&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2. C. N. Matthews, Origins Life Evol Biosphere&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;21&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, 421 (1991).&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;page3R_mcid12&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;markedContent&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;3. C. P&amp;amp;#233;rez&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Fern&amp;amp;#225;ndez, M. Ruiz&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Bermejo, S. G&amp;amp;#225;lvez&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Mart&amp;amp;#237;nez, and E. Mateo&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;-&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Mart&amp;amp;#237;, RSC Advances&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;11&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;span dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; role=&amp;quot;presentation&amp;quot;&amp;gt;, 20109 (2021).&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;

Fast hadrons have been observed to cause a cumulative damage in Lead Tungstate and LYSO crystals. The underlying mechanism has been proven to be the creation of fission tracks, which act as scattering centres, thus reducing the light collection efficiency. For calorimetry applications in an environment where large, fast hadron fluences are anticipated, predictions about damage in crystals are of great importance for making an informed choice of technology. In the study presented here, simulations using the FLUKA package have been performed on Lead Tungstate, LYSO and Cerium Fluoride, and their results have been compared with measurements. The agreement that is found between simulation results and experimental measurements allows to conclude that the damage amplitude in a given material can be predicted with a precision that is sufficient to anticipate the damage expected during detector operation.

Results of the search for the Higgs boson produced in association with either one top quark (tH) or a top quark pair (ttH) at the CMS experiment are presented. Dedicated searches of the Higgs decaying to a bb pair, multileptons (WW, ZZ, ττ) and a γγ pair are shown in this document. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 /fb recorded in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV center-of-mass energy in 2016 and 2017. The sensitivity of the searches is enhanced by using matrix element and machine learning methods to reconstruct the events and to separate the signals from the respective backgrounds. Standalone evidence of the targeted final states of the Standard Model (SM) ttH process has been found and interpretations of the tH process in beyond the SM scenarios are shown.

Results of the search for the Higgs boson produced in association with either one top quark (tH) or a top quark pair (ttH) at the CMS experiment are presented.Dedicated searches of the Higgs decaying to a bb pair, multileptons (WW, ZZ, ττ) and a γγ pair are shown in this document.The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb -1 recorded in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV center-of-mass energy in 2016 and 2017.The sensitivity of the searches is enhanced by using matrix element and machine learning methods to reconstruct the events and to separate the signals from the respective backgrounds.Standalone evidence of the targeted final states of the Standard Model (SM) ttH process has been found and interpretations of the tH process in beyond the SM scenarios are shown.

The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) experiment aims at studying the results of proton collisions produced by the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) at CERN. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a great leap forward as the corresponding mechanism states that particles masses are the result of an interaction with the associated scalar field. The nature of that field is being studied in details and this will occupy the CMS collaborators for the next years. The characterization of the Higgs sector as well as the search for new physics will require the full capabilities of the LHC. Upgrades have been done along the way to reach much higher luminosities (>5x1034cm-2s-1). The CMS experiment deploys a 14000 tones detector equipped with advanced electronics to track and identify precisely all the particles produced from the collisions. Although CMS showed an excellent performance, it underwent upgrades, which include a new data acquisition system to fully exploit high luminosity conditions.The thesis work focuses on taking advantage of the newer analysis and selection techniques to search for tau leptons coming from Higgs which was produced associated to two tops (ttH). The ttH production mode is important to characterize the properties of the Higgs boson and in particular its coupling to top quarks, to which the ttH process has direct access. The Higgs to tau leptons is of particular interest as it probes the Higgs coupling to fermions. Given the mass of the Higgs, the tau decay mode is certainly favored but still represents challenging aspects in both selection and reconstruction techniques. The ttH analysis is particularly challenging given the complexity of final states and makes use of the latest signal extraction techniques. Since its observation in 2018, this analysis is one of the main priorities of the CMS experiment, and the Cristina Martin Perez plays a major role in the full Run 2 legacy paper preparation.Besides, this thesis focuses on the development of a dedicated tau selection algorithm, which had never been achieved with the electronics layers of the data acquisition system. A new trigger system was commissioned with proton collisions data and is being used as the baseline system starting 2016. Cristina Martin Perez plays a leading role in the performance studies and optimization of this trigger.

Póster presentado en la IX Jornada de Jóvenes Investigadores del I3A