C. Hwang

A measurement of the Higgs boson Yukawa coupling to the top quark is presented using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, recorded with the CMS detector. The coupling strength with respect to the standard model value, $Y_\mathrm{t}$, is determined from kinematic distributions in $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ final states containing ee, $μμ$, or e$μ$ pairs. Variations of the Yukawa coupling strength lead to modified distributions for $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production. In particular, the distributions of the mass of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ system and the rapidity difference of the top quark and antiquark are sensitive to the value of $Y_\mathrm{t}$. The measurement yields a best fit value of $Y_\mathrm{t} =$ 1.16 $^{+0.24}_{-0.35}$, bounding $Y_\mathrm{t}$ $\lt$ 1.54 at a 95% confidence level.

A search for exclusive two-photon production via photon exchange in proton-proton collisions, pp $\to$ p$γγ$p with intact protons, is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 9.4 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2016 using the CMS and TOTEM detectors at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the LHC. Events are selected with a diphoton invariant mass above 350 GeV and with both protons intact in the final state, to reduce backgrounds from strong interactions. The events of interest are those where the invariant mass and rapidity calculated from the momentum losses of the forward-moving protons matches the mass and rapidity of the central, two-photon system. No events are found that satisfy this condition. Interpreting this result in an effective dimension-8 extension of the standard model, the first limits are set on the two anomalous four-photon coupling parameters. If the other parameter is constrained to its standard model value, the limits at 95% CL are $\lvertζ_1\rvert$ $\lt$ 2.9 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ GeV$^{-4}$ and $\lvertζ_2\rvert$ $\lt$ 6.0 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ GeV$^{-4}$.

Excessive deformation of railway tracks caused by thermal loadings critically affects the efficiency and safety of railway transportation. Accurately quantifying the thermal variations in railway tracks is essential for mitigating heat-related risks. Nevertheless, the complex thermal regime influenced by multiple meteorological factors has posed challenges in understanding the nature of heat-related incidents in railway infrastructure. To investigate the thermal behaviors of railway tracks, this study implemented an IoT monitoring system to measure the temperature along a railway stretch from Changdong to Ssangmun station in Seoul, Korea. Furthermore, a railway temperature forecast model was developed based on Bayesian long-short-term memory (BLSTM) trained by the monitoring data. The two-year monitoring data revealed the thermal patterns of the railway, characterized by long seasonal periods and trend stationary. The increasing trend of railway temperature during frequent high-temperature occurrences raised urgent concerns for the railway administration to adapt existing infrastructure to the impacts of climate change. The BLSTM model demonstrated comparable performance with the physical models in forecasting the railway temperature, exhibiting a relatively low root-mean-squared error of 2.21oC and a bias of -0.04oC. Moreover, unlike the current methods that provide pointwise output, the presented BLSTM model provided a probability distribution of the railway temperature, which enhances railway safety management. Importantly, the use of monitoring data as the exclusive input enabled the integration of the BLSTM model into the monitoring system, facilitating the development of a hybrid temperature control system for real-time railway safety management.

Top- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$K$</tex> Sorting is a widely used technique for se-lecting the largest or smallest numbers from input elements. In this paper, we present an efficient low-power and flexible top-K sorting architecture with cell gating on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Our architecture consists of a data filter unit, cell counter, and L-cascaded sorting cells, where the filter unit allows users to select the user-defined data values to sort, the cell counter allows cell gating by counting the number of working cells, and the sorting cells allow sorting with low power and flexible <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$K$</tex> length with cell gating. The proposed sorting cells update incoming data continuously. In addition, cell gating is introduced to increase the flexibility of top- <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$K$</tex> length and energy efficiency by turning cells on and off. Our implementation achieves remarkable results with a power consumption of only 0.3W with L=128 and 200MHz on a Xilinx XCKU115 FPGA. Overall, our work contributes to advancing the state of the art in efficient and flexible <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$K$</tex> sorting on FPG As.

increased 77.6% and 144.6% in RV and RV+ARB, while there were no change in R and R+ARB.Capillary length increased 18.5% in RV and 57.8% in RV+ARB, compared to 23.8% in R and 36.7% in R+ARB.Conclusions: We conclude that ARB reduces glomerular matrix accumulation, and restoring VEGF in sclerotic glomeruli induces more new capillary branches

increased 77.6% and 144.6% in RV and RV+ARB, while there were no change in R and R+ARB.Capillary length increased 18.5% in RV and 57.8% in RV+ARB, compared to 23.8% in R and 36.7% in R+ARB.Conclusions: We conclude that ARB reduces glomerular matrix accumulation, and restoring VEGF in sclerotic glomeruli induces more new capillary branches

Charge-dependent anisotropy Fourier coefficients ($v_n$) of particle azimuthal distributions are measured in pPb and PbPb collisions at $ \sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The normalized difference in the second-order anisotropy coefficients ($v_2$) between positively and negatively charged particles is found to depend linearly on the observed event charge asymmetry with comparable slopes for both pPb and PbPb collisions over a wide range of charged particle multiplicity. In PbPb, the third-order anisotropy coefficient, $v_3$, shows a similar linear dependence with the same slope as seen for $v_2$. The observed similarities between the $v_2$ slopes for pPb and PbPb, as well as the similar slopes for $v_2$ and $v_3$ in PbPb, are compatible with expectations based on local charge conservation in the decay of clusters or resonances, and constitute a challenge to the hypothesis that the observed charge asymmetry dependence of $v_2$ in heavy ion collisions arises from a chiral magnetic wave.

The cross sections for the production of t tb b and t t j j and their ratio σ t tb b/σ t t j j are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb -1 collected in pp collisions at √ s=13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC.Events with two leptons (e or µ) and at least four reconstructed jets, including at least two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected.In the full phase space, the measured ratio is 0.022 ± 0.003 (stat) ± 0.006 (syst), the cross section σ t tb b is 4.0 ± 0.6 (stat) ± 1.3 (syst) pb and σ t t j j is 184 ± 6 (stat) ± 33 (syst) pb .The measurements are compared with the standard model expectations obtained from a powheg simulation at next-to-leading-order interfaced with pythia.

The CMS experiment at the LHC has measured the differential cross sections of Z bosons decaying to pairs of leptons, as functions of transverse momentum and rapidity, in lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The measured Z boson elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient is compatible with zero, showing that Z bosons do not experience significant final-state interactions in the medium produced in the collision. Yields of Z bosons are compared to Glauber model predictions and are found to deviate from these expectations in peripheral collisions, indicating the presence of initial collision geometry and centrality selection effects. The precision of the measurement allows, for the first time, for a data-driven determination of the nucleon-nucleon integrated luminosity as a function of lead-lead centrality, thereby eliminating the need for its estimation based on a Glauber model.