A. Zarubin

We present measurements of the reduction of light output by plastic scintillators irradiated in the CMS detector during the 8 TeV run of the Large Hadron Collider and show that they indicate a strong dose rate effect. The damage for a given dose is larger for lower dose rate exposures. The results agree with previous measurements of dose rate effects, but are stronger due to the very low dose rates probed. We show that the scaling with dose rate is consistent with that expected from diffusion effects.

A 50 m long magnetized iron torus enclosing a 40 m long target provides the luminosity and acceptance necessary for the study of deep inelastic muon scattering at high Q2. The construction and performance of this spectrometer and the associated trigger are described. Details of the data acquisition system and data analysis are also given.

The tensor analyzing power ${T}_{20}$ for the reaction ${d}^{\ensuremath{\uparrow}}{+}^{12}\mathrm{C}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p(0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{})+X$ has been measured in the region of proton internal momenta $k$ in light-cone dynamics up to 1 GeV/ $c$. Measurements have been carried out at Dubna Synchrophasotron with polarized deuteron beam at deuteron momenta up to 9 GeV/ $c$. When $k$ increases the experimental values of ${T}_{20}$ have a tendency to approach the value ( $\ensuremath{-}$0.3) obtained by the calculation based on the reduced nuclear amplitude method in which the quark degrees of freedom are taken into account.

New experimental results for polarization transfer, κ0 and the analyzing power, T20, in 12C(d, p)X at 0° are present. The measurements have been performed at the Dubna polarized deuteron facility. At high intrinsic momenta of the proton in the deuteron (k⩾300 MeV/c) the behaviour of these observables is in disagreement with the impulse approximation predictions based on realistic NN-potentials. The data are compared with calculations of some other models predicting the high k behaviour of κ0 and T20.

New developments in gas mixtures of charged-particle detectors for the time between the 4th Vienna Wire Chamber Conference (1986) and the end of 1988 are presented. New results of ion pair production and transportation, properties of gases for proportional and drift chambers, Pestov's planar spark counters, self-quenching streamer discharge detectors and some aspects of aging effects are discussed.

We present new results of measurements of the isotopic cross sections of 12C fragmentation in the energy region of a few GeV/n. The experiment has been performed at the Dubna synchrophasotron using the magnetic spectrometer ANOMALON, equipped with Cherenkov counters. In this experiment 12C is the projectile and liquid hydrogen is a target. The isotopic cross sections obtained in the measurement are compared with the values predicted by the models: semi-empirical (Silberberg and Tsao) and parametric (Webber, Kish and Schrier). This work is a continuation of the previous one where similar results, but at 3.66 GeV/n, are presented.

An experiment with 12C beam fragmentation on a liquid hydrogen target has been performed using the magnetic spectrometer, Anomalon, equipped with a Cherenkov charge detector, and the Dubna synchrophasotron at a projectile energy of 3.66 GeV/nucleon. A charge resolution of 0.26e (except for the hydrogen nuclei) and a mass resolution of 0.11-0.18 amu have been achieved. Isotopic and elemental fragmentation cross sections have been obtained for fragments from Z = 1 to 6. Decayed cross sections have also been calculated. We compare the measured cross sections with the results of other experiments and with calculations based on semi-empirical and parametric approaches.

A large toroidal iron spectrometer for the study of deep-inelastic muon scattering at the CERN SPS has been upgraded to extend the accessible kinematic range and to reduce the systematic errors on absolute cross-section measurements. The layout of the improved apparatus, the construction of new detectors and associated electronics, and the structure of a new data-acquisition system are described in detail.

The PMTs of the CMS Hadron Forward calorimeter were found to generate a large size signal when their windows were traversed by energetic charged particles. This signal, which is due to Čerenkov light production at the PMT window, could interfere with the calorimeter signal and mislead the measurements. In order to find a viable solution to this problem, the response of four different types of PMTs to muons traversing their windows at different orientations is measured at the H2 beam-line at CERN. Certain kinds of PMTs with thinner windows show significantly lower response to direct muon incidence. For the four anode PMT, a simple and powerful algorithm to identify such events and recover the PMT signal using the signals of the quadrants without window hits is also presented. For the measurement of PMT responses to Čerenkov light, the Hadron Forward calorimeter signal was mimicked by two different setups in electron beams and the PMT performances were compared with each other. Superior performance of particular PMTs was observed.

A readout box prototype for the CMS Hadron Forward calorimeter upgrade was built and tested in the CERN H2 beamline. The prototype was designed to enable simultaneous tests of different readout options for the four anode upgrade PMTs, new front-end electronics design and new cabling. The response of the PMTs with different readout options was uniform and the background response was minimal. Multi-channel readout options further enhanced the background elimination. Passing all the electronic, mechanical and physics tests, the readout box proved to be capable of providing the forward hadron calorimeter operational requirements in the upgrade era.

A new segment building algorithm for the Cathode Strip Chambers in the CMS experiment is presented. A detailed description of the new algorithm is given along with a comparison with the algorithm used in the CMS software. The new segment builder was tested with different Monte-Carlo data samples. The new algorithm is meant to be robust and effective for hard muons and the higher luminosity that is expected in the future at the LHC.

This industry is created for a number of tasks in which there is no unambiguous solution algorithm. Accordingly, these tasks cannot be solved in a fully automated way. Such tasks include welding of steel with a fuzzy weld, cutting of the forest, sorting, packaging, conveyor tasks with variable environment, all these tasks are currently solved by a person. As a result of using algorithms, it is possible to achieve results up to 70% savings on debugging smart manipulators and on automation tasks for the entire industry 4.0. The size of this market, i.e. the market of robot manipulators, is approximately 35 billion dollars in global terms, and in particular in Russia, with a low level of automation, 15 billion rubles. The target audience is a part of the production facilities that implement automation, robotics and, accordingly, they are engaged in the processing of parts. The business model by which we are developing is the creation of a hardware complex to upgrade customers’ equipment. The DDPG algorithm is used for training. The training itself is carried out in two versions -using HER (Hindsight Experience Replay) and without. The results are compared and the best model is taken for work.

The ME1/1 cathode strip chambers are the part of the CMS endcap muon system. They were designed and produced in Dubna. The chambers have been installed in the detector and commissioning has been completed. This paper describes chamber readout electronics and presents the results of the tests with cosmicray muons.

We study the light output, light collection efficiency and signal timing of a variety of organic scintillators that are being considered for the upgrade of the hadronic calorimeter of the CMS detector. The experimental data are collected at the H2 test-beam area at CERN, using a 150 GeV muon beam. In particular, we investigate the usage of over-doped and green-emitting plastic scintillators, two solutions that have not been extensively considered. We present a study of the energy distribution in plastic-scintillator tiles, the hit efficiency as a function of the hit position, and a study of the signal timing for blue and green scintillators.

The aim of this work is to estimate the shower leakage from the CMS Endcap Hadron calorimeter (HE) due to electromagnetic secondaries and punch-through in the region of the ME1/1 Forward Muon Station. Two configurations are considered: with and without the CMS Endcap Electromagnetic calorimeter (EE). The experimental data have been taken during the combined beam test of CMS subdetectors (HE, ME, RPC, DT) at the CERN H2 beam facility in 2004. Serial CSC chambers (ready for installation in CMS) fully equipped with readout electronics have been exposed. Simulation of a beam test setup has been performed using the GEANT4-based simulation software package OSCAR.

The synchronization and timing of the hadron calorimeter (HCAL) for the Compact Muon Solenoid has been extensively studied with test beams at CERN during the period 2003-4, including runs with 40 MHz structured beam. The relative phases of the signals from different calorimeter segments are timed to 1 ns accuracy using a laser and equalized using programmable delay settings in the front-end electronics. The beam was used to verify the timing and to map out the entire range of pulse shapes over the 25 ns interval between beam crossings. These data were used to make detailed measurements of energy-dependent time slewing effects and to tune the electronics for optimal performance.

Новые возможности в управлении государственными учреждениями открылись в связи с принятием в 2010 г. Федерального закона «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи совершенствованием правового положения государственных (муниципальных) учреждений» (далее - 83-ФЗ), который вступил в силу с января 2012 г. 83-ФЗ называли законом, заложившим основу бюджетной реформы или реформы бюджетных учреждений. В декабре 2012 г. принят новый Федеральный закон «Об образовании в Российской Федерации» (далее - 273-ФЗ), которым декларируется существенная автономия образовательных организаций, и в первую очередь вузов.

The Phase I upgrade of the CMS Hadron Endcap Calorimeters consists of new photodetectors (Silicon Photomultipliers in place of Hybrid Photo-Diodes) and front-end electronics. The upgrade will eliminate the noise and the calibration drift of the Hybrid Photo-Diodes and enable the mitigation of the radiation damage of the scintillators and the wavelength shifting fibers with a larger spectral acceptance of the Silicon Photomultipliers. The upgrade also includes increased longitudinal segmentation of the calorimeter readout, which allows pile-up mitigation and recalibration due to depth-dependent radiation damage. As a realistic operational test, the responses of the Hadron Endcap Calorimeter wedges were calibrated with a 60Co radioactive source with upgrade electronics. The test successfully established the procedure for future source calibrations of the Hadron Endcap Calorimeters. Here we describe the instrumentation details and the operational experiences related to the sourcing test.

It is intended to continue at the Tevatron the investigation of deep inelastic muon scattering using an upgraded version of the NA4 spectrometer now in operation at the CERN-SPS. The accurate determination of the nucleon structure functions over a large Q2 range, up to 400 GeV2 on H2 and D2 are made possible by the distributed target structure of the NA4 spectrometer. In addition the use of heavier targets and the increased muon energy available at the Tevatron will permit to study the effects of the weak interactions of muons through the y-z0 interference and thus to measure the muon neutral current couplings.