A. Pozdnyakov

The High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider will deliver 10 times more integrated luminosity than the existing collider, posing significant challenges for radiation tolerance and event pileup on detectors, especially for forward calorimetry. As part of its upgrade program, the Compact Muon Solenoid collaboration is designing a high-granularity calorimeter (HGCAL) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. It will feature unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout and triggering segmentation for both electromagnetic and hadronic sections. The electromagnetic section and a large fraction of the hadronic section will be based on hexagonal silicon sensors of 0.5–1 cm2 cell size, with the remainder of the hadronic section being based on highly-segmented scintillators with silicon photomultiplier readout. The intrinsic high-precision timing capabilities of the silicon sensors will add an extra dimension to event reconstruction, especially in terms of pileup rejection. First hexagonal silicon modules, using the existing Skiroc2 front-end ASIC developed for CALICE, have been tested in beams at Fermilab and CERN in 2016. We present results from these tests, in terms of system stability, calibration with minimum-ionizing particles and resolution (energy, position and timing) for electrons, and the comparisons of these quantities with GEANT4-based simulation.

Abstract We present the earliest astronomical observation of a high-energy neutrino error box of which the variability was discovered after high-energy-neutrino detection. The one robotic telescope of the MASTER global international networks automatically imaged the error box of the very high-energy-neutrino event IceCube-170922A. Observations were carried out in minutes after the IceCube-170922A neutrino event was detected by the IceCube observatory at the South Pole. MASTER found the blazar TXS 0506+056 to be in the off-state after one minute and then switched to the on-state no later than two hours after the event. The effect is observed at a 50 σ significance level. We also present own a unique 16 yr light curve of blazar TXS 0506+056 (518 data set).

The Pixel Luminosity Telescope is a silicon pixel detector dedicated to luminosity measurement at the CMS experiment at the LHC. It is located approximately 1.75 m from the interaction point and arranged into 16 "telescopes", with eight telescopes installed around the beam pipe at either end of the detector and each telescope composed of three individual silicon sensor planes. The per-bunch instantaneous luminosity is measured by counting events where all three planes in the telescope register a hit, using a special readout at the full LHC bunch-crossing rate of 40 MHz. The full pixel information is read out at a lower rate and can be used to determine calibrations, corrections, and systematic uncertainties for the online and offline measurements. This paper details the commissioning, operational history, and performance of the detector during Run 2 (2015-18) of the LHC, as well as preparations for Run 3, which will begin in 2022.

Calorimeters with silicon detectors have many unique features and are proposed for several world-leading experiments. We discuss the tests of the first three 18x18 cm$^2$ layers segmented into 1024 pixels of the technological prototype of the silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter for a future $e^+e^-$ collider. The tests have beem performed in November 2015 at CERN SPS beam line.

Abstract In June–July 2013,we performed a comparison of five absolute gravimeters of different types. The gravimeters were the FG5X-221 of the FGI, the FG5-110 and GBL-M 002 of the TsNIIGaiK, the GABL-PM of the IAE SB RAS, and the GABL-M of the NIIMorGeofizika (Murmansk, Russia). The three last-mentioned are field-type portable gravimeters made by the Institute of Automation and Electrometry in Novosibirsk, and this is the first international comparison for them. This Russian-Finnish Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters RFCAG2013 was conducted at four sites with different characteristics: at the field sites Pulkovo and Svetloe near St. Petersburg, and at the laboratory sites TsNIIGaIK in Moscow and Zvenigorod near Moscow. At the TsNIIGAiK site and at Zvenigorod two piers were used, such that altogether six stations were occupied. The FG5X- 221 provides the link to the CCM.G-K2 Key Comparison in Luxembourg in November 2013. Recently, the Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities and the International Association of Geodesy drafted a strategy on how to best transmit the results of Key Comparisons of absolute gravimeters to benefit the geodetic and geophysical gravimetric community. Our treatment of the RFCAG2013 presents one of the first practical applications of the ideas of the strategy document, andwe discuss the resulting uncertainty structure. Regarding the comparison results, we find the gravimeters show consistent offsets at the quite different sites. All except one gravimeter are in equivalence.

*† The paper describes the results of the electron -beam ini tiation of the combustion in the mixtures of hydrogen, natural gas and kerosene vapors with air, graphite microparticles suspe nsion in oxygen. The means of controlling these reactions with the aid of the electron beam are shown. The graphite combustion ini tiation occurred at the moment of the beam start, for the homogeneous mixtures the ignition delay reached several hundreds microse conds. Combu stion initiation in the stream of oxygen – natural gas mixture at M=5 was obtained.

Abstract We present the results of MASTER Global Robotic Net optical observations of the region within the LIGO/Virgo S200219ac error-box, triggered during the O3 run. We observed 1124 square degrees inside the 3 σ error box during a half month. We present the identified optical transients found during this study, which are not related to gravitational waves, and briefly discuss the MASTER observation strategy.

Abstract The results of LIGO/Virgo S200302c (O3) error-box optical inspection by MASTER are presented. We observed 4242 square degrees square degrees inside 3 σ error box during 1 month. We present MASTER OT J141401.39–483305.7, MASTER OT J215856.95–392909.6, MASTER OT J061642.05+435617.9, MASTER OT J052817.95+672801.4—optical transients found by the MASTER auto-detection system during this inspection as the result of a survey of large error-fields, indicating the efficiency of MASTER observational strategy.

Abstract We present the results of MASTER Global Robotic Net optical observations of LIGO/Virgo S200224ca error-box (O3 set). We observed 380 square degrees inside the 3 σ error box during 1 month. We present optical transients found by MASTER auto-detection system during this inspection. They are not the optical counterparts, but the result of MASTER observation strategy, that is is briefly discussed. Also we present short analysis of Swift-UVOT, -XRT transients in MASTER database since 2010.

A search for a Higgs boson decay $H\toγ^*γ\to\ell\ellγ$ is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{-1}$. The selected events have an opposite-sign muon or electron pair and a high transverse momentum photon. No excess above background has been found in the three-body invariant mass range $120

In this document I present an overview of the recent results published by ATLAS and CMS collaborations on the searches for SM Higgs boson decay to fermions. The document summarizes the status of the analyses up to September of 2014 and contains the results of pp collision Data at $\sqrt{s} = $7 and 8 TeV. Searches for $H\toττ$, $H\to bb$, $H\toμμ$ and $ttH$ processes are presented.

Waves in the superlattice (SL) contained inhomogeneities with anisotropic correlation properties are considered. The anisotropy of the correlations is characterized by the parameter , where and are the correlation wave numbers along the axis of the SL and in the plane of its layers, respectively ( and are the correlation radii). Dependencies of both the dynamic susceptibility and density of states at the continuous transition from the isotropic three-dimensional inhomogeneities ( ) to the one-dimensional ones ( ) have been obtained.

Abstract We discuss a new version of the statistical approach to the finite excited systems, which permits us to include into consideration the finite particle number effects and effects of quantum statistics. Based on such an approach the model of subthreshold pion production is suggested. The results of the calculations show a good agreement with experimental data at the energy range 20–85 MeV/nucleon. Comparison with the evaporation model is presented.

In this article we can observe a mathematical model of the topological description of neural structure of human brain, which describes the results of numerical analysis process of a magnetic resonance tomography. The created model provides a possibility to organize a cloud computing environment, which achieves the synthesis of quantitative indicators of distinctions in analyzed fragments of neural tissue, it is created by means of the telecommunication service which is promoting the involvement of a large number of experts in to a research process, to create a set of a priori judgments of evolution of the registered processes.

Abstract We present the results of MASTER Global Robotic Net optical observations of the LIGO GW170104 error-box during the LIGO/Virgo O2 run. We observed 3421 square degrees inside 3 σ error-field. Dozens of optical transients unrelated to gravitational waves were discovered as the result of MASTER observation strategy, that we presented, including short very bright MASTER optical transients J133017.28+780951.8.

A search for a Higgs boson decay $H\to\gamma^*\gamma\to\ell\ell\gamma$ is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{-1}$. The selected events have an opposite-sign muon or electron pair and a high transverse momentum photon. No excess above background has been found in the three-body invariant mass range $120<m_{\ell\ell\gamma}<150$ GeV, and limits have been derived for the Higgs boson production cross section times branching fraction for the $H\to\gamma^*\gamma\to\ell\ell\gamma$ decay, where the dilepton invariant mass is less than 20 GeV. For a Higgs boson with $m_H=125$ GeV, a $95\%$ confidence level (CL) exclusion observed (expected) limit is 6.7 ($5.9^{+.2.8}_{-1.8}$) times the standard model prediction. Additionally, a search for $H\to(J/\Psi)\gamma\to\mu\mu\gamma$ process is presented, and an upper limit at $95\%$ CL on the branching fraction of the $H\to(J/\Psi)\gamma$ decay for the 125 GeV Higgs boson is set at $1.5\times10^{-3}$.

Waves in superlattice (SL) contained inhomogeneities with anisotropic correlation properties are considered. The anisotropy of the correlation during the transition from 3D to 2D disorder is characterized by the parameter , where and are the correlation wave numbers along the axis of the SL and in the plane of the its layers, respectively ( and are the correlation radii). Dependencies of both the dynamic susceptibility and density of states at the continuous transition from the isotropic three-dimensional inhomogeneities () to the two-dimensional ones () have been obtained.

The discovery of the Higgs (H) boson ten years ago and successful measurements of its couplings to third generation fermions by ATLAS and CMS experiments mark great milestones for the field of High Energy Physics.The much weaker coupling of the H boson to second generation quarks predicted by the standard model (SM) makes the measurement of the H-charm coupling much more challenging.With the full Run-2 data collected at the LHC a lot of progress has been made by the CMS Collaboration to constrain this coupling.In this report I present the latest results of the direct and indirect measurements of the H-charm coupling by CMS.Direct measurements are performed by searching for the → ¯ decay.It is done in gluon fusion and VH production modes with stronger limits coming from VH mode, ( → ¯ ) < 14.4 at 95% CL.In the ggH channel the limit is set at ( → ¯ ) < 45.Indirect constraints on the charm coupling come from the measurement of the H boson distribution, which leads to a limit of | | < 35.A rare H boson decay, → / , is also searched for at CMS, though giving a limited sensitivity of ∼ 220 x SM.Prospects for future measurements at HL-LHC are also discussed.From the projections it seems feasible to constrain the H-charm coupling better than 2 times the SM value.

Abstract We present MASTER observations from inspecting the large error-box associated with LIGO/Virgo G270590, and our observational strategy. MASTER observed 6292 square degrees inside the 3 σ error box. We present new optical sources detected during this inspection.

Formally-axiology system (FAS) is the most common formalism, which can completely map any complicated system. Functional semantic networks are main mathematical apparatus of FAS. In this paper the analysis of possibilities of applying the existing formal methods for the description of the functional networks of A-type, is presented.

We suggest a method of statistical description of subthreshold pion production based on the separation of the pion and nucleon degrees of freedom of the statistical ensemble formed by the nucleons ''participating'' in a nucleus-nucleus collision. Such an approach allows one to avoid the approximation of an infinite nuclear system, which is a standard approximation of the model of the fireball-firestreak type, and ensures the conservation of energy and momentum in the ensemble. Good agreement with experiment in the whole energy region 20--85 MeV/nucleon studied experimentally is achieved.

We develop a method of statistical description which allows us to take into account the effects of a finite number of particles in an ensemble. The method is used for calculation of the inclusive, semi-inclusive, and correlation spectra of {pi} mesons. At the level of inclusive cross sections we obtain good agreement between theory and experiment. We show that the semi-inclusive and correlation spectra of pions are especially sensitive to the effects of the finite phase space and to the degree of establishment of statistical equilibrium in the region of the nuclear iteraction.

The cross sections for the reaction /sup 238/U(p,xn)/sup 239-//sup x/Np (x = 1, 3) at E/sub p/ = 70 MeV and the integrated ratio of the cross sections for production of /sup 236/Np isomers in the (p,3n) reaction in /sup 238/U have been measured in the range E/sub p/ = 14--26 MeV. The cross sections for the /sup 238/U(p,xn) reaction have been calculated within the framework of a statistical model with inclusion of pre-equilibrium particle emission.