Hazardous Situation of Organic Solvents in Shenzhen

Even in Japan, there was a time when cases of occupational poisoning had frequently occurred, which led to the enactment of the Industrial Safety and Health Act in 1972. Currently, the use of only a part of chemical substances utilized in the workplace is regulated according to their designated hazardous level, but there are many other substances whose toxicities have not been elucidated. Risk assessment is now required of entrepreneurs in all categories of industry by the recently-revised Industrial Safety and Health Act. This article will focus on the toxicology of metals and organic solvents, and it will discuss how occupational physicians should manage chemicals, including the ones whose toxicities have not been clarified.

The toxic modes,harzards and grades of chemical poisoning and prevention from it are discussed.Some major toxicity of poisonous solvents are introduced,including aromatics,alcohols and ketones.The preventive measures taken against chemical poisoning for factories are also studied from the production technology,equipment and personal protection.

卤代烃类有机溶剂是指烃类有机溶剂分子中一个或多个氢原子被卤原子取代而生成的化合物.卤代烃类有机溶剂按烃基结构的不同,可分为饱和卤代烃(即卤代烷)、不饱和卤代烃和芳香族卤代烃.目前认为卤代烃有机溶剂对健康的影响是多方面的,急性中毒引起神经系统、心、肺、肝、肾等多系统多脏器损害,有的甚至可引起猝死.近年来,卤代烃类有机溶剂职业危害日益突出,各地陆续出现的亚急性1,2-二氯乙烷中毒、急性三氯乙烯中毒、三氯乙烯药疹样皮炎等急性职业中毒事件,引起了职业卫生界和社会各界的高度关注.为此,我们参考文献[1-4],整理分析归纳卤代烃类有机溶剂的理化特性,并据此提出职业危害的防护建议,以期能更好地服务于基层职业卫生工作。

Abstract : This analysis concerns the regulation of five chlorinated solvents employed ubiquitously in the economy. These chemicals have many known negative health and environmental effects. The economic model developed in this document, by simulating markets that use chlorinated solvents, can facilitate the design of more coordinated regulations. As such, this research should be of interest to officials in government and industry who make policies that control chlorinated or other hazardous solvents.