DOI: 10.1007/978-94-6209-842-8_18
Is it “Marissa” or “Michelle?”
During the question and answer period of a campus program addressing the tragic death of Trayvon Martin, and the equally tragic acquittal of his murderer, one young Black woman asked the panel of speakers, “So I’ve been hearing about this woman—is it Marissa or Michelle Alexander—Michelle Alexander, who also tried to stand-her-ground in Florida.KeywordsIntimate Partner ViolenceBlack WomanAfrican American WomanPostpartum DepressionCritical Race TheoryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
DOI: 10.1353/nef.2015.0022
Féminisme, abolitionnisme et citoyenneté dans La Danse sur le volcan de Marie Chauvet
Dans son roman La Danse sur le volcan , Marie Chauvet decrit l’univers theâtral de Saint-Domingue et eclaire la participation des femmes dans les luttes contre l’esclavage. Elle represente des personnages feminins qui remettent en question certaines prescriptions culturelles coloniales. Ainsi, Chauvet produit un recit novateur de la Revolution haitienne: elle signale que la solidarite feminine transforme le recit de l’emulation des classes et des races en un discours d’entraide sociale et raciale. Empruntant notre approche methodologique a Judith Butler (fluidite performative), Kimberle Crenshaw et Patricia Hill Collins (intersectionnalite), nous demontrerons que Chauvet peint l’esclavage comme une triple domination sexuelle, sociale et raciale. En outre, elle decrit l’engagement politique des femmes et propose un modele national dans lequel ces trois hegemonies disparaissent. Les femmes envisagent un bien-etre collectif generalise et la construction d’une nation ideale qui repose sur un universalisme reel et ne se limite pas exclusivement a des sujets masculins.
MAG: 1020149904
Representations as interventions: framing HIV and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in conflict
This study takes as the focus of its analysis the disconnection between representations of HIV and Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) in conflict discourses. This analysis draws on intersectionality and gender theories of identity and power to analyze the relationship between HIV and SGBV as it is framed in conflict discourses, specifically looking at three UN Security Council Resolutions (1308, 1325 and 1820), as well as relevant international and national legal texts from the ICTY, ICTR and ICC. This paper challenges the ways, i.e. securitization and criminalization, that the issues of SGBV and HIV are addressed, arguing that the representations found in these texts help form the realities of which they describe. More than this, the representations act as a form of intervention, because of the way the texts discursively frame –and subsequently categorize, value and create hierarchies of realities of HIV and SGBV in conflict. While many would not argue against the securitization and protection against sexual violence in conflict, or the prosecution of war criminals for mass rape, however both securitization and the law are used in relation to conflict to denote which subjects should be securitized and protected, and which subjects require retributive justice and punishment. This paper challenges the prioritization and categorization of realities over others, and the ways in which these processes in themselves are harmful in actually addressing the root problems of the issues they represent. By mapping the way that HIV and SGBV are represented as connected and disconnect, this paper engages in questioning how, when and why particular issues were securitized and criminalized to understand when they became significant and for whom, and for what purpose, in order to understand whom and what is still disregarded, still not fully reached, and perhaps even threatened, by current interventions. The findings suggest that the way the selected UN and other legal texts speak about HIV and SGBV in relation to conflict can be viewed as essential to justifying interventions and making particular realities more salient, while silencing others.
MAG: 1025202209
Muslim Female Students and Their Experiences of Higher Education in Canada
ii Acknowledgements iii Dedication iv Chapter 1 1 1. Introducing the Study 1 1.1 Research Problem 2 1.2 Research Questions 4 1.3 Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks 5 1.4 Race and Ethnicity 7 1.5 Feminist Theory 9 1.6 Emergence of Third-Wave Feminism 13 1.7 Theoretical Issues in Intersectionality 14 1.8 Anti-Racist Feminism 21 1.9 Post-Colonial Feminism 25 1.10 Summary 28 Chapter 2 30 2. Review of the Literature 30 2.1 Muslim Female Students and Their Educational Experiences 31 2.1.1 Muslim Female Students and Their Interactions with White Non-Muslim Students 31 2.1.2 Muslim Female Students, Discrimination, and Teacher’s Low Expectation 32 2.1. 3 Muslim Female Students and Parental Support 36 2.1.4 Muslim Female Students, Anti-Muslim Sentiments, and Lack of Accommodation 40 2.1.5 Muslim Female Students and Sense of Belonging 44 2.1.6 Muslim Female Students and Negative Stereotypes 45 2.1.7 Muslim Female Students and the Construction of Religious Identity 48 2.1.8 Muslim Female Students and Their Experiences in Canada 50 2.1.9 Minority Students and College Atmosphere 52 2.2 Muslim Women in Diaspora 54 2.2.1 Muslim Women and the Veil 55
MAG: 102775481
Teetering on the brink: Locating the voices of children: Albinism in the discourses of disability and albinism in Kenya
Group identities are not sacred glue- nor are they corrosive to it. Instead, they are some of the material affording people a sense of self and purpose in and out of the process of shaping a collective future (Minow, 1997:146)
This qualitative study with an ethnographic orientation examines the discourses of disability in the context of albinism in Kenya by foregrounding children’s voices in a highly politicised debate. By applying the concept of agency, the study considers how lived experiences of children with albinism reveal the desire for autonomy in spite of shared threats that call for solidarity among members of an oppressed group. While the dominant discourse presented at the macro level by adults is that of disability and a tenuous existence, to the contrary, this unification is contested. Children and their families present more nuanced narratives and counter narratives. These show diversity within the albinism community, but which are nevertheless muted because the group affiliations confer social, economic and political state benefits. Ultimately, findings show that group identity and that of the individual serve different but nevertheless important and mutually reinforcing purposes. This calls for redefining children’s contributions in the design of programs aimed at including marginalised groups in society- especially by civil society organisations.
MAG: 104153159
The Effect of Network Structure on the Provision of Security
The term “security” has many more dimensions in the post-9/11 world than it had during the Cold War. Threats may come from different sources, at different speeds, and have different targets. All the actors involved in the provision of security from a specific type of threat create a network—not just states or states in intergovernmental organizations, but all the actors in the “ecosystem. If we look at the relationships among these actors using network analysis, we should be able to map the structure of the entire network. Contrary to the assumptions in most International Relations literature, networks can be centralized (as in hierarchical states) or not, as in markets. The networks transnational actors have created to meet different threats exhibit different structures, from dense and highly centralized to diffuse and dispersed. The network’s structure may thus have a positive or negative effect on the provision of security, depending on the type of threat that is to be met. The Jeweled Net of Indra Driving down the freeway, remembering Hindu mythology— Indra’s net, each intersecting weave holding a jewel reflecting every other facet of every other jewel, infinitely. Suddenly, I see the hands that paint the white lines, that lay the black asphalt, hands of a man joyous or lost soap-scrubbing his body clean for dinner and beer, for the wife who loves him, hands that hold their tickets for London to see the grandmother, the hard-drinking pub matron whose body bore children in building rubble when the Nazi bombing relented—and if not for that war, would I be driving now, hands on the wheel, listening to the radio recount the birth of the child named Tsunami after the storm that drove her mother into the hills, would the meager dollars I send to rebuild a village— minted with the Rosicrucian-eye above the pyramid dreamed by this country’s founders as the all-seeing vision of a world where not a sparrow falls that we don’t know about—would I have known to send it, if not for the hands that flew the kite that drew electricity from the skies that made its way into the flat-screened box that unveils this jewel-linked world twenty-four hours of every gleaming day, weaving news with advertisements for clothes made by hands in China nimbly sewing a dream of Hollywood and Ipod and offering their bodies one by one for a better future— while the coal that fumes the electricity that plunges the needle drifts in air that circles a globe that warms the icecaps that melt into sea that shifts the current that loves the wind that swirls from heaven to earth stirring one storm after another, blowing its diaphanous passion over New Orleans like a trumpet sinking the heart so low with blue notes that flood is a dark cure for what burns—this illusion that anyone stands alone—stranded on the roofs of our swollen houses mouthing save me to a world whose millions of hands can turn up the volume loud enough to finally hear, or flick with a single click the entire interconnected vision of it all off. —Dane Cervine (2007) What do a slice of Swiss cheese, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, and global governance have in common? The familiar cheese is a structure whose taste
DOI: 10.1023/a:1005193603532
The Impact of Welfare Reform on Men's Violence against Women
Welfare reform is likely to have a profound effect on the lives of poor women who are being abused. This article proposes exchange theory and the feminist "backlash hypothesis" as frameworks with which to assess the impact of welfare reform on violence levels in abusive relationships. Exchange theory suggests that if a woman leaves welfare and obtains employment that increases her economic resources, violence against her will decrease. The backlash hypothesis makes a different prediction: Violence will increase as men attempt to compensate for women's enhanced status or independence. Both approaches are examined in light of current data. As demonstrated here, the incorporation into social policy analyses of feminist thinking about dominance and power will enrich our understanding of the impact of social policy changes on people.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-531-93453-2_17
Postkoloniale Gender-Forschung. Ansätze feministischer postkolonialer Studien
Postkoloniale Gender-Forschung kann verstanden werden als anti-rassistische feministische Wissensbildungen jenseits der Akademie, als feministische interdependente oder intersektionale, akademisch institutionalisierte Gender Studies; als Postkoloniale (institutionalisierte, akademisierte) Studien mit einem Schwerpunkt auf Gender-Analysen; oder auch als transnationaler Feminismus im deutschsprachigen Kontext (vgl. auch Dietze 2005; Wollrad 2005a, b). Alle diese verschiedenen moglichen Benennungen und Ausformungen einer postkolonialen Gender- Forschung konnen sich auch uberschneiden oder zusammenfallen in konkreten Studien und Forschungsrichtungen. Sie zeigen jedoch gleichzeitig auch unterschiedliche Perspektivierungen, politische Positionierungen und erkenntnistheoretische Fokussierungen eines Zusammenhangs von Postkolonialen und Gender- Ansatzen. Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Darstellung ist die Annahme, dass Postkoloniale Studien oder Ansatze und Gender-Forschung oder -Studien nicht trennbar, sondern interdependent sind: Analysen zur Kategorisierung Gender bzw.
MAG: 109115076
Through the Eyes of Gay and Male Bisexual College Students: A Critical Visual Qualitative Study of their Experiences
THROUGH THE EYES OF GAY AND MALE BISEXUAL COLLEGE STUDENTS: A CRITICAL VISUAL QUALITATIVE STUDY OF THEIR EXPERIENCES BEING OUT AND STAYING SAFE ON CAMPUS by Matthew Kyle Robison Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender (LGBT) college students have a history of suffering from discriminatory, marginalizing, and prejudicial attitudes and practices on American college and university campuses. These homophobic and heterosexist environments often lead to an unwelcoming, hostile, and sometimes dangerous campus climate for LGBT college students, prohibiting them to lead out and open lives on campus. Implementing a critical qualitative methodology, this study examined the lived experiences of 9 out gay and bisexual male college students at an urban research university located in the southeastern United States. The study focused on the following three research questions: 1) What is the college experience like for an individual who identifies as an out gay or male bisexual student? 2) What does safety mean to an individual who identifies as an out gay or male bisexual student? 3) How does an individual navigate staying safe as an out gay or male bisexual student? The study specifically focused on the participants’ lived experiences of being out gay and male bisexual college students and their perceptions of safety and what safety meant to them as out members of the LGBT community on campus. It also incorporated the use of visual methods to compliment the traditional qualitative research approach. The results of the study centered around four major themes: 1) The presence of LGTB’ness is integral to the LGBT student experience. 2) Being involved and feeling connected to campus serves as a pivotal component of the LGBT student experience. 3) Navigating masculinity is complicated given traditional gender roles. 4) Classroom climate is a major factor for the success and safety of LGBT students. Reviewing the results of this study college faculty, staff, and administrators can begin to understand the unique experiences of LGBT college students; and through this meaning making process, higher education officials can learn what is needed to improve the college experience for this historically marginalized minority. LGBT students enroll in college expecting their voices to be heard, their needs to be met, and their campus climates to be safe and welcoming. This study directly informed what colleges and universities can do to better meet the needs of LGBT college students and ensure they have a welcoming and safe college environment. THROUGH THE EYES OF GAY AND MALE BISEXUAL COLLEGE STUDENTS: A CRITICAL VISUAL QUALITATIVE STUDY OF THEIR EXPERIENCES BEING OUT AND STAYING SAFE ON CAMPUS by Matthew Kyle Robison
MAG: 109153095
working with diversity : a framework for action
The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Centers have committed to working with diversity in their organizations in an explicit and intentional way. This new diversity initiative builds on earlier work on gender staffing while developing new concepts, approaches, methods, and tools to engage the more complex challenges of working effectively with multiple dimensions of diversity. This report provides the first building block in this effort. It synthesizes research and experience in working with organizational diversity in a way that is meaningful for the context and needs of the Centers. The aim is to provide a solid foundation of knowledge and understanding from which the individual Centers, as well as the CGIAR System as a whole, can craft a unique approach to working with diversity tailored to their specific needs, aspirations, and contexts. The report is structured around three guiding questions: What are the motive forces dribing our need to work more intentionally with diversity? How do we define and understand diversity in a way that is meaningful for this organization? Which change strategies, methods, and tools will be most effective given our objectives and approach to working with diversity?
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-6209-455-0_5
Intersections of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender in Sport
The purpose of this chapter is to describe the relationship between gender, race, and ethnicity in sport. Gender has been a topic of conversation in sport for many decades, with Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Title IX) anchoring many of those conversations (Acosta & Carpenter, 2012).