East Meets West: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States

Die Kommende des Johanniterordens (Hospitaliter) in Akkon, von Eliezer Stern Die Johanniterkommende von Akkon stellt eines der Hauptdenkmäler der mittelalterlichen Stadt Akkon dar ; bisher war von ihr kaum mehr bekannt als ein bis zwei gewölbte Säle, während der gesamte Rest unter der Erde lag oder durch osmanische Bauten uberbaut war. Die seit über einem halben Jahrhundert durchgeführten Ausgrabungen fùhrten zu einer komplett neuen Kenntnis dieses erstrangigen Denkmälerensembles, das aus Sälen, Küchen, Latrinen, Schläfsälen, und Empfangsräumen für die Pilger bestand. Dieser Uberblick über die archäologischen Arbeiten beleuchtet diesen Komplex, der bisher noch nicht in französischer Sprache publiziert war.

This book is a study of the spatial distribution of Frankish settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem at the time of the Crusades, and of the spatial and social interrelation between the Franks and the indigenous population. It is based on an unprecedented field study of more than two hundred Frankish rural sites and on a close re-examination of the historical sources. The division of the country between Christian and Muslim populations is explained by the far-reaching social process of nomadisation and sedentarisation which began with the Muslim conquest in the seventh century and which reached its zenith before the Frankish conquest of the country. The author re-examines some of the basic assumptions of standard recent scholarship, and advocates a new model of the nature of Frankish settlement, as a society of migrants who settled in the Levant, had close relations with eastern Christians, and were almost completely shut off from the Muslim society which lived elsewhere in the country.

Owing to an uninterrupted history from its foundation by the Emperor Justinian until the present day, St. Catherine's monastery on Mount Sinai harbors within its walls the most outstanding collection of icons known today, not only in terms of numbers (there are more than two thousand), but also of age (the earliest date from the sixth century) and quality. Yet this collection is not a cross-section of Greek icon painting in which one might expect all aspects to be equally well represented. The collection intimately reflects the vicissitudes of this holy site which belonged to all Christendom and therefore comprises gifts of icons of many styles from many lands in often uneven proportions. There are certain gaps, e.g. within the Constantinopolitan icons from times when connections with the capital of the Byzantine empire were disrupted, while at the same time a new orientation led to a rapprochement with the Latin West during the period of the Crusader kingdom. A close cultural and artistic interrelationsh...

A partir des fouilles menees a Acre et des representations picturales et cartographiques post-medievales de la cite, l'auteur tente d'apporter une solution definitive au probleme de l'identification des murailles exterieures des fortifications franques d'Acre

L'A. critique la designation commode Zackenstil (style dentele) en tant qu'elle est indifferenciee. Il propose trois etapes: un protogothique vers 1200| la premiere generation du style dentele, une sorte de gothique (Alternativ-Gotik) s'exprimant avec des elements byzantins| une nouvelle influence byzantine plus prononcee. Importance des voyages, sejours et origines des artistes. Texte amplifie de la conference prononcee au Colloque de Stuttgart (voir ci-dessous Sauerlander), le 21mai 1977.

Sur deux anciennes photographies aeriennes (1918 et 1923) et de plus recentes, on distingue au nord de la ville turque, une rue flanquee de rangees de pieces. L'auteur s'interroge sur la destination, peut-etre commerciale, de ce quartier de l'epoque des Croises